Sei Wouprofita Oleg uye akamutumidza zita rake, chaizvoizvo?

Nemhaka rinozivikanwa nhetembo "Rwiyo Vakachenjera Oleg" Pushkin AS kubva kosi chikoro mabhuku, anenge mumwe compatriot yedu anoziva kuti ari 9-10 emakore muna Kievan Rus, Oleg aiva muchinda. Asi kwete vose vanoziva sei ainzi Oleg Ouprofita.

Versions vachitsanangura kwakabva Prince Oleg

On ichi munhau anotaurwa yaMakoronike siyana, chaizvoizvo, "ngano zvekare Years" Nestor. Chronicle ichi rakanyorwa mukuvamba remakore rechi12. Asi akawanda acho yaiva zvavo dzechembere uye ngano.

Maererano neimwe shanduro mutauro wokuRussia muzita Oleg wakabva dzekuma Scandinavia. In musimboti ichi, Helge rinoreva "mutsvene" kana "ouprofita". Kune vamwe - iye Oleg aiva kumumvuri zvakasikwa Prince-sherekete Volga, rwakaimbwa Epic. Kana zvakakodzera, aigona kuva kana bere kana stoat kana shiri. Saka nguva dzose anokunda vavengi vake. Zvinoitwa Veschego Olega mune epics zvose kupa zvakafanana. Aiva akasimba uye anoremekedzwa murume.

Kutenderwa Nestor sahwira, kana ari mutsinga pamusoro Prince Oleg ropa Varyaga Ryurika, vakabva Novgorod, Hakupindirani nezvinodiwa nzira zvinyorwa kuti chokwadi kuti hapana ukama hwemhuri. Kusvikira nguva akadai Oleg akatora musoro Prince, akashanda somufundisi warlord kubva Rurik. Personal unhu uye unhu vakabatsira vake rinobudirira.

Rurik, iyo ushe Novgorod, akafa muna 879. Power pamwe vachengetwe hwanana Igor zvinosiyiwa akaenda Oleg. Pashure pemakore matatu rekutonga muchinda mutsva nezvazvo pavakakunda itsva, kugadzirira maonero ake kusvikira kumaodzanyemba. The pokurwa, iyewo akatora Igor. Description Veschego Olega akataura kuti akanga akanaka murume ane mi- zvinhu.

Kukunda Kyiv

The flotilla waitanga rwendo kubva Lake Ilmen. Uyezve, akayangarara Lovat uye Western Dvina, Oleg kusimbisa simba rake, mumaguta makuru - Smolensk uye Liubech - dzokugadza magavhuna. Pakazosvika Dnieper aifanira anodhonzera chikepe kudhonzwa pamusoro namano kuti akafanana mavhiri.

Saka havana vakabudirira kubudirira pakupedzisira chinangwa mushandirapamwe - Kiev, vaizvambarara pamahombekombe Dnieper. Pasina nguva akava pachena, pano isu akatonga Askold uye DIR. Uyewo Oleg munguva yake, vakanga vari pabasa Rurik.

Oshimi nekuti Ouprofita

Power kubva munyika akabatsira Oleg unyanzvi. In Kiev, musi iwoyo chikepe yakazonyorwa sezvo mutengesi ane diki yokuzviparadzanisa wevarwi vakavanza pamusoro muchikepe pasi. Kievan machinda pedyo kusvika vaenzi. Oleg verenga kubva vanhu Kiev, ostensibly Askold uye DIR havasi chepamutemo vatongi. Mushure mutongo akasiya vakavandira vigilantes Oleg pakarepo ayo nomunondo tsaona machinda Kievan uye mutongi mutsva akagadzwa Igor.

Oleg rwunoverengerwa nemashoko okuti, akaratidza rouprofita, nezvokuti Kiev kuva amai mumaguta Russian. Ndicho chikonzero Oleg akadana Ouprofita uye anoremekedzwa vanhu.

Pasinei Oleg chete mutungamiriri unyanzvi muchiuto, hazvingaiti angadai Rwauya vanyori munhoroondo mabasa. Haasi chete wakachenjera, asi zvikuru akangwara, kusvikira kumwero zvokuti, mumaziso vamwe dzimwe nguva rakaita mashiripiti.

Uroyi kana chipo?

Izvi zvinogona kuva rondedzero Byzantine pamushandirapamwe 907 sezvo uchapupu zvemweya mano. Mumwe musoja aiva muchikepe, izvo kwaiva zviuru zviviri, uye wechipiri - hondo bhiza.

Mubati Leo VI Vaitarisira pachine guru haana akamuka 80000th necheSalvic hondo, inotungamirwa Oleg. By hurongwa mambo dzakavharwa pemagedhi, neketani nemutemo Strait uye nokudaro tine zvishoma kuwana chiteshi. Asi kuti haana kurega muchinda Kiev. Pakutanga retainers ake, zvakawanda chakapambwa zvakanaka mune kumucheto guru, vakaenda kuna masvingo Constantinople.

Nokuda zviyero rakatorwa Byzantines, Slavs ngarava kukwanisa kushambira kuti pedyo neguta, Oleg aifanira kuva vakachenjera. Maererano nengano, pamusoro mirairo yake zvikepe varwi dzinokosha mavhiri zvakavakwa. Tailwind akaridza maseiri uye kuti kushamiswa kwakaitwa vanotsigira Constantinople, ngarava necheSalvic akatanga kusvika muguta nenzira isingafungidziriki. Zvinoitwa Veschego Olega zvaireva unyanzvi hwake uye kunyange unyanzvi rinopfuura revanhu.

Oleg unyanzvi kwete Leo VI akamuita kuvhura masuo eguta chete, asiwo mari chibvumirano kuna Kievan Rus vasunungurwa kutengeserana. Prince-weNobel rwakabhadharwa mutero hombe, uwandu iro rinowanikwa sezvinotevera: nokuti peya nomumwe zvikwasviso zvikepe vaifanira 12 Hryvnia.

Sei muchinda aiva Ouprofita?

Kubva Kufamba kuConstantinople, Oleg akadzokera kumba anoremekedzwa uye mukurumbira chaizvo wavarwi. Zvino Anonziwo uye Ouprofita. New remadunhu- ndikagara naye pashure Oleg, achiona kuvapo chepfu zvokudya, kuratidza Byzantines akaramba kudya. Sei ainzi Oleg Ouprofita? Nokuti yakataurwa rechinomwe pfungwa.

Havasi dzekare vose vanobvumirana nezvokuti chiitiko ichi Aizokwanisa kutora nzvimbo. Somuenzaniso Karamzin kurerekera tichikurukura kwidza Oleg chete yezvechitendero. The zvakawanda saka nekuda haritauri chinhu Byzantine yaMakoronike. Handibvumirani neboka Vanyori rechipiri. DS Likhachev somunhu nharo anotaura chokwadi kuti kuchamhembe mudunhu Russia kwenguva refu nguva vaiita nzira dambudziko rooks nzvimbo pakati penzizi, t. E. Shongai rollers kana mavhiri. Chii chaiva zita Veschego Olega zvechokwadi, handigoni kutaura dzakaitika. Ngano uye nhoroondo Data vakanga vakavhengana, zvichiita kuti zviome kuparadzanisa chokwadi kubva rungano.

Dzinouraya Kufembera kwevaMagi

Hwaro nhetembo, AS Pushkin (zvinobikwa "Rwiyo Vakachenjera Oleg") aifanira rondedzero nyaya. Magi akafanotaura Oleg kuti mhondi yake inofanira kuva bhiza waunofarira. Sezvingatarisirwa, muchinda kudzivirirwa kubva kuonana nevamwe rechiuto.

Kwapera nguva, muna 912, vakasuwa pamusana pokufa bhiza, muchinda akaenda kundoshanyira mapfupa ake. Zviripachena akasarudza kuti uprofita haina kuzadziswa. Zvinosuruvarisa, Oleg, Magi akanga kurudyi. Asi zvakanga vanyanyononoka. Sei ainzi Oleg Ouprofita? mubvunzo uyu anotambudza mazana dzekare, asi zita remadunhurirwa rokuti hwakada akasimbiswa yaMakoronike yekare. Naizvozvo vachinzi machinda avanhu, uye saka zvakanga kuti.