"Shagreen" Balzac - mufananidzo kana asian nguva uye vanhu?

Onore De Balzak nepamuviri uye vakauya kuna upenyu anenge unotyisa ungatsunga urongwa: kunyora nhevedzano enganonyorwa uye pfupi nyaya, izvo zvichaita kuumba mabhuku muenzaniso wepanguva France. Akadana chikuru kusikwa hwake, "The Human Comedy", nomuenzaniso pamwe "Comedy Divine" Dante Aligeri. Munyori aitarisira kuti vachava kwakakosha XIX remakore, sezvo basa Florentine zvikuru kuMiddle Ages. Anthology rinoti aifanira dzine 144 mabasa ukama Transitional vatambi, chete manyorerwo uye nyaya. Asi Balzac akakwanisa kunyora 96 chete navo. "Shagreen" (1831) ndiro zvinosanganisirwawo ichi kutenderera uye riri "ouzivi Studies" chikamu.

nganonyorwa ino inoongorora muhondo wacho pamwe nenzanga, yaiva pfungwa iyoyo mabhuku (semuenzaniso, Stendhal mu "Red uye Black"). Zvisinei, muuzivi bhuku rino uye multiplicity tsika kuti kutarisa sezvinoita mufananidzo pamwe nezvahunoreva. "Shagreen matehwe", pfupiso riri zvechokwadi wechiBuddha mhedziso kuti chido kuuraya, anotakura zvose vimbiso inokosha: mufaro zvinogoneka pasina "seinä seinä", rinogona kuwanikwa rudo rusina udyire uye ane chido kupa, kwete tora uye kuchengeta.

The chikuru gamba basa inomira Raphael of Valentin, ane urombo aristocrat akadzidza. Anovazvuzvurudza kwemakore ari atiki mumwe hotera chiduku hwomurombo kuvapo, asingazivi kuti mwanasikana hositesi, Pauline, parudo naye. akava aifarira kupenya socialite - Countess Theodora, uye nokuda kwayo akatanga kutamba ari playing, anopenga kushandisa mari iri zvipo, ipapo chete nzira yokubuda riri rake chikwereti - kuzviuraya. Saka anotanga yokufungidzira "shagreen".

Nokushayiwa pfungwa nani, gamba anouya nenzira antiikki chitoro, iyo anowana nhindi wembongoro ganda, uri neizvi rutivi iri imwe mutauro yokumabvazuva Mabhuku eBraille chinyorwa: "Kana imi zavladeesh ini, ndiri kutora nhaka newe. Ndichaita kuzadzisa zvido zvenyu, asi mumwe nomumwe wavo ndichaita kuderedza - uyewo hwako. Saka Zviyero chido chavo. " Kusatenda efficacy pamusoro zvakanyorwa, Rafael anofunga spree, uye ipapo vanosangana shamwari dzake, uyo akamukumbira kuti anwe. Iye anotarira kumativi contours rayo Mascot anofunga ingi uye kuwana pfuma zhinji. Mangwanani gweta inotiudzawo iye kuti India rufu sekuru vake uye akarayira majaya of Valantenu yakawanda zvavo zvose mari. Rafael inosvika muhomwe yake uye kuminyuka panze chipo Antiquities. Shagreen matehwe vateveri vedzidziso kukura!

Nyaya hwakazotevera zvakunowedzera nokukurumidza: kutenda efficacy iri sedumwa, Rafael anoedza kusiya chido. Asi netsaona kwakadonha ne varemekedze okuti "Ndinoshuva iwe mufaro", kukwezvana kumukadzi anovada uye chido kuhwina mutambo nokukurumidza zvinopikiswa nokuda kwemazuva ake. Shagreen akadzokera, hapana kuedza haakwanisi kumisa izvi. Pakupedzisira, gamba anofa kumba kwake kwoumbozha munguva mumaoko Pauline, vanomuda pasina zviratidzo uye mazango.

Kunenge kuti basa rose - ndiwo mufananidzo pamusoro unopfuta zvido mweya, chiratidzo iyo anoita se shagreen. nganonyorwa Style ongororo ichiri chinoratidza kuti Balzac inoshanda rondedzero manyorerwo uye vamutye kubudikidza vamutangira ose romanticism, vanyori pakutanga XIX remakore, achishandisa zvinhu sezvazviri chaizvo mashoko, pamwe mavara uye vakagwinya sezvamunoita. Gamba inotiudza kuparadzwa vamwe mhando kuitira kuti munhu wose anoziva zvoupfumi uye enyika chaizvoizvo rechiFrench kuguma rokutonga pakati Louis XVI, usingasii nechokwadi veracity mashoko ake. Nemwoyo yokufungidzira ichi, zvisinei tarenda nyaya, akaisa pakati yakanakisisa mabasa dzekare realism.