Species uye subspecies pamapere. Tundra mhumhi: zvayakaita, unhu uye zvakatipoteredza

Mhumhi - zvine ngozi uye kunotyisa zvikara kuti vanogara redu anopfuura miriyoni makore. Ndivo madzitateguru imbwa ano. Tundra mhumhi - mumwe zhinji mhando dzemhuka izvi.

Mhando pamapere

The genus mapere imhuka zhinji - makava, Coyotes, imbwa (mhuka uye mudzimba), makava, arctic makava uye, chaizvoizvo, mapere, iyo vanonzi kupfuura boka pazvikara munzvimbo inogara. Kune subspecies inoverengeka pazvikara izvi pamusoro munharaunda Russia.

Srednerussky mapuranga mhumhi. Familiar kubva pauduku sezvo gamba wokuRussia zvavo dzechembere. Uyu mhuka ravakwa guru, richisvika munhu kureba 160 masendimita uye achirema makirogiramu 45. Kazhinji kuuya mhiri vanhu vari 70-80 makirogiramu. Mupenyu kunonyanya musango, dondo-inowanzorimwa mapazi ose European Russia uye kuSiberia.

Tundra mhumhi. Musiyano mukuru pakati pake - chiedza, anenge chena jasi ruvara, kunoita kuti masiki echando achinaya mvura uye masango anogara achinaya mvura, apo mhuka idzi vararame.

Steppenwolf - slaboizuchennyh subspecies, inozivikanwa kwayo ora-kuchena, dzimwe nguva mashava ruvara. Ndiye zvishoma kukura pane nechepakati Russian mhumhi, uye rinowanikwa kunyanya steppes okumaodzanyemba Russia.

On nharaunda mhiri Baikal uye Primorye Territory anogara rimwe duku subspecies nezvikara izvi - Mongolian rinoparadza. Maximum kwayo uremu hakuiti kupfuudza makirogiramu 50. Nemitsipa uye pane ine nguvo bere ane tsvina pfumbu ruvara ane kuchiratidza ocher.

Vagari of Caucasian mhumhi ane nzvimbo diki nzvimbo mezvikomo of North eCaucasus. Mhuka chete pfupi bvudzi. Vane pfumbu ruvara, asi zvasviba zvikuru kupfuura mamwe marudzi uye subspecies pamapere.

Tundra mhumhi - Description

The Vagari pazvikara aya achinaya mvura uye masango anogara achinaya mvura zvikuru zvakawanda. Mapere vane dzakaonda muviri ikure uye zvikuru kukosha hukuru. Fudzi kukwirira 90-100 cm. Ivo ne refu, gobvu bvudzi jasi, uine yakajeka, dzimwe nguva kure-chena ruvara. jasi ichi kunodzivirira zvikuru kwazvo frosts, uyewo chikara anoita chisanyanya kuoneka pazuva chena chando. Uyezve, kurarama ari ezvinhu ari Far North kunobatsira pfungwa huru kunhuwidza uye chiono unopinza kuti abudirire kunovhima. Wandisa mazino anogona kubata nyore chero firimu, ichiparara mapfupa kunyange simba.

nzvimbo

Zvikurukuru, nzvimbo nezvikara izvi ndiwo mahombekombe kweArctic Ocean, achinaya mvura uye dondo achinaya mvura. Tundra bumhi Vanotarisira kurarama mune nharaunda iyi vanopfuura zviuru zana nemakore, pasinei utsinye okunze, yakanyanya frosts, mhepo nechando uye chando kufamba kwemhepo. Pedyo penyanza chikara anodya kukandwa nemafungu pamhenderekedzo mitumbi zvisimbiso uye hove. Munzvimbo yakaoma zvokudya kusvikira mhumhi ndivo lemmings, shiri, hares, makava. iye kazhinji vanoparadza dendere, vachidya mazai uye manyana.

Mararamiro

Kufanana dzimwe mhando dzose pamapere, achinaya mvura mhumhi chinhu evanhu mhuka. In ose rongedza pane zvacho. Makonya, sezvo mutemo, simba uye zvoutsinye vanhu. On ezvinhu ari rongedza zvakanaka kuti, sezvo mhumhi anobata muswe wayo. In mutungamiri, ari mumugariro rakanaka, ukuwo nhengo rongedza vari rezasi Samanai pakati vakuru vakuru, muswe vazodzikisa kana zvachose norusaruro. Kukurukurirana co-remidzanga pemhumhi riri pedyo chaizvo. Vachikurukura mumwe mumutauro chiso chavo uye muviri kufamba, runovabatsira kuita konzati.

Dzavo manzwiro achinaya mvura bumhi anokwanisa kutaura achishandisa muswe. Munzvimbo yakakwirira aine zvishoma curved yokutenda, zvinoreva chivimbo. Ushamwari akataura kutura muswe, muromo rakatarira kumusoro. Mune hasha mamiriro mhumhi unochengeta nzeve dzake nezvironda zvetsono, deploying navo mberi uye grins. Kana ngozi nzeve uye dzosa yakabudikira zvishoma rurimi pamwe achisekerera. ari rongedza zviri nyore kunzwisisa panyaya zvikonzero, sei kuti vazvibate.

Mapere havasi hasha nguva dzose. Pashure vade zvemasikati, kubata pasi hope, vanogona kufara kuti frolic, kutamba vavakidzani.

akaberekwa Natural vavhimi

Mhuka idzi vanoberekwa kunovhima. The chombo chikuru - meno ane simba uye unopinza anogona kutsenga kunyange femur kubatwa nondo. Tundra bumhi anovhima zvachose akanyarara. Vanotanga dzinenge isingatsiki pasi chitsitsinho. Kana uine pakudzinga nondo, kumhanya inogona kukura 60 makiromita paawa. The rinokosha musvine pamusoro bere kana rutsoka hadzi anoiswa pashure pamberi chaipo, anobvumira kuti kunyange gobvu chando kutama zvakasimba zvakakwana. Muitiro kuvhima chikara dzokubudisa anosarudza nzvimbo kushandisa mhino, rinogona andobata mhuka munhuhwi chinhambwe makiromita maviri. Nokuda vanoshingaira kunhuhwidza mapere vanogona kudzinga mhuka yavo pamusoro dzakarasika.

In chikafu, mhuka idzi vane mwero - vangava zvose zvinogona kubata. Kudya kwavo kwakasiyana nenguva dzakasiyana. Muzhizha inobva tsuro, shiri, notupukanana, matatya uye kunyange minda zvokudya muchimiro dondo michero uye lichen. In Mumatsutso nemhumhi chando tama mushure poro, uyo vanowanzotadza kuva zvikara izvi zvakatapwa. Mapere varwise kunyanya mhuka duku kana attenuated. Healthy uye simba nondo vanokwanisa kumira voga. Against nyanga uye mahwanda simba bumhi kwakaoma kukunda.

Nokuti kamwe mhumhi kugona kudya kusvika 14 makirogiramu dzenyama. Kugutsa nzara anofanira kwazvo, t. To. In kutsvaka rinotevera akatambudzwa angafanira scour mazuva mashoma, nekuti chete 10% kurwiswa vanobudirira kundovhima. Upfu wokutanga kutanga mutungamiri, vamwe rongedza panguva ino dzinoungana nechokure uye akamirira kusvikira yakazara.

zvizvarwa

Very inodziya mbava ine chena kana chiedza pfumbu ruvara - hazvisi chete achinaya mvura bumhi kwakasiyana senguva dondo. Mitemo achinaya mvura zviri kwazvo - yakawanda mumiromo kunofudza kwakaoma, saka mhumhi rongedza vane mwana anogona chete mutungamiri vechikadzi. Puppies dzimwe mapere vanoparadzwa pakarepo pavaizvarwa. Nguva pamuviri rinovapo mazuva 75 pamapere. The wayo vari bofu, kazhinji hapana zvidimbu anopfuura mashanu ari nemarara. Mumwe nehafu mwedzi, Vakaguta mukaka waamai uye nyama hafu-ozeyewa kuti inosvipa navo munhurume. Oh mwana hanya, vabereki kwete chete, asiwo dzimwe nhengo rongedza. Pashure 2-3 mwedzi kuti vana vayo vari kare kugona kumhanya kuseri rongedza, uye mhuri kunosiya inogara yake. Young mapere kwemamwe makore akawanda, vari pedyo nevabereki vavo, kudzidza uchenjeri hwose pakuvhima, ipapo uende uye kuwana makwai avo.

Mostly mapere kukuvadza kuti poro, saka vavhimi kazhinji kugadzirisa nhamba dzavo.