Spruce - chii? Spruce muti. Conifers (Mufananidzo)

Mumiririri mumwe mazhinji ezvinhu Conifers nemipaini mhuri, zvaizivikanwa spruce zvose, inotumidzwa zita rayo vaRoma vekare. Zvinoita sokuti kuti shanduro shoko "nebwe". Muumambo zvakasvibirira spruce ndiyo imwe wokutanga nzvimbo, uye ndowenyika genus rine kusvika 50 mhando zvinomera, zvakajairika munyika, kubva Northern Europe uye Central Asia kuna North America. Chii chinoitika spruce, kworudzii muti? Rinhiko mupenyu munyika uye anotora chimiro? Ngatiedzei kuwana mhinduro dzemibvunzo iyi.

Description spruce

Varefu, twasu-hunde, mutete miti yakasvibira nemiti vane gobvu korona conical, rakatetepa muduku, akafukidzwa spruce mapazi pasi. hunde yavo zvakaoma kuona - zvakavigwa nokuda widest spruce "mhuka nemazinzara". miti Young vane mvere nemakwati ndachena ane brownish tint pamusoro yekare spruce muti hunde dzacho zvakawanda pachena, dzimwe nguva luschitsya. Tsono tsono, uye anogona kuchengeta matavi makore 7-9, asi kuparara ikoroji izvi srokisokraschayutsya, uye mumaguta masango kuchengetedza tsono vari asingasviki 3 years. Tsono - kuroorwa, quadrangular kana flattened spirally akaronga pamusoro pamatavi. Pasikweya anorembera, elongated, cylindrical. Ichiibvira vari kupunzika, anovhura mbeu dispersal. Seed pasikweya flakes pamwe navanopinda chawo rinofukidza mbeu duku inopiwa nemapapiro yaiva vakavapoteredza.

The maitiro zvinhu zvinomera

Description omusipiresi yakajeka: ndiwo mumwe kumbonyanya undemanding chirimwa Panyika. Rine yakaderera hwevhu, zvakakwana chinopukunyuka pamusoro murombo chaizvo nevhu. Haatyi kuti unyengeri dzakatenuka uye munzvimbo duku ivhu waterlogging. Iye kusimba akaomarara uye hakusi kutya inopinza Continental okunze. Asi vakawanda mhando haagoni kukunda kusvibiswa gasi uye utsi, zvisinei muti inoshandiswa mumaguta mapindu uye rinoshandiswa zvose kuroorwa uye boka plantings vari mumapaka kuti dzezvitoro uye chando kudzivirira rinoparadza. Dwarf kana zvipfupi zvishongo zvitarisiko akakwana nokuda akajeka kwenzvimbo reminda diki, zvikomo uye dombo minda.

European spruce, kana vanhuwo

Zita muti uyu anotaura pacharo, uye zvakarurama rinoratidza nzvimbo inogara. Norway spruce rinokura munzvimbo European chikamu Russia. Ndicho hwaro achiumba taiga. Kuchamhembe kweSiberia uye European Russia arrays vanhuwo spruce zvishoma nezvishoma ne Siberian spruce. Imhandoi muti? A kusiyana pakati kwemarudzi aya ikoko. Pakusarudzwa kukura ezvinhu spruce iri yakasiyana larch uye vanoondoroka miti, asi hapana intraspecific unopinza kusiyana. Vari saka Shade, iyo kwakaoma chaizvo kukura pachena treeless dzoga, sapanguva padariro wakati atora pasi nzira iri kukura matavi damage kudzoka patsime frosts kana kuwana sunburns. Uyezve, chaizvo kukanganiswa uswa moto, kukonzerwa mumwaka dzimba.

The nguva uye maitiro muti kukura

Okutanga makore 10 omusipiresi inokura zvishoma nezvishoma. Ipapo kukura mwero vachamuka nehasha, uye pashure pemakore 100-120 akarembedzwa zvakare. Gogonera, spasmodic kwekuwedzera European omusipiresi. Ndechipi vakaziva akapona - yagara kuzivikanwa. Kana ezvinhu achitendera, zviri nyore kurarama kwemakore 250-300. The yakanakisisa ivhu nokuti loam uye supeschaniki. Kwavari anoumba dzakadzama midzi, zvakasimba kuidya pamusoro pemvura. Asi spruce - unofarira zvikuru nyorova nzvimbo. On ivhu muti zvakanyanyisa manyoro siyana chiduku kudzika midzi uye haigoni kubatsira asi pasi gusts nemhepo kana simba. Spruce anoita kunyange chiduku mvura-kutema miti, kana ine kuerera hunhu. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mudzi hurongwa kuti spruce yekudyidzana zvishoma pane kuti vanoondoroka, iro rinotsanangura kusagadzikana yayo mumhepo. The peculiarity wacho kuti mapazi awo yakaderera kufa uye vasina kuchengetwa chakaoma, saka muna spruce mumasango rakanyatsojeka rima uye nyorova.

Growth zvinhu vaidya

Spruce anogona kukura munyika dzakawanda European chikamu Russia, kuSiberia uye kuFar East. Asi ichi ndicho kuputsika chaizvo mhando huni. Zviri nani kuti nokurusima pasi kanopi akatsiga zvikuru kasvisto - pomuouki, Birch kana mupaini. Izvi zvinokosha kunyanya kune zvakarurama yakaoma uye murombo nevhu pamusoro izvo misipuresi inokura rinorema, sezvo vaida kwake zvakanaka wakanyorova ivhu. Spruce kwazvo yakawanda mune mashoko kukura kupfuura Pin, izvo anozobata napavhu jecha nevhu. Ndokusaka spruce uye nemipaini kashoma zvikure pamwe - zvakare ezvinhu akasiyana zvavanoda.

kubereka

Spruce zviri nyore kukura kubva mbeu unganidzwa vari nyore zvikuru: chete akatema shoma kwematsutso yemisipiresi pasikweya uye mubatirire navo kumba dziome zvachose. hazvina zvakakodzera kuti peel they and and kure navo. Vysohnuv, anorovera zvicharatidza pachavo, uye kupa mbeu, izvo kazhinji rakaisvonaka kumera. Vanofanira kubatwa ane simba mhinduro kubva potassium permanganate, uye ipapo akaisa makate calcined remurwizi, zaglubit 1-1.5 cm. Containers akatasva yokumusoro pasherefu pakati mufiriji kuti stratification. nzira Izvi zvakakodzera, sapamazuva zvakasikwa zvose mbeu Conifers pachena kuti chando. Stratification zvinosimudzira kumera kuti mizambiringa yakabva kumwe. mbeu Untreated anogona nhema chando pasi kwemakore, asi haana kuuya. Ivai midziyo inotonhora inofanira kuva 3 months. Shure kwenguva ino, mbeu wakasimwa tangi anoiswa panzvimbo rakajeka uye kudziya.

kudyara nguva

The yakanaka kudyara nguva kuguma October - November. Kana mbeu Vakasimwa iyi, kukwanisa kubuda mufiriji inofanira kuva February kana March. Iyi ndiyo nguva inonyanya akanakira kumera, sezvo chitubu anosvika, kuwedzera kwaedza maawa, uye zvose zvinomera kutanga kukura.

Kudiridza uye nokutarisira

kumera mizambiringa yakabva kumwe kunoda kunyanya norupo achidiridzira, sezvo vanofanira kushanda maererano zvepanyama ezvinhu. Pashure pezvose, muchirimo, panguva snowmelt, ivhu kunyanya hydrated. Kupisa uye mwando - dzinokosha ezvinhu kuti activation pamusoro coniferous mizambiringa yakabva kumwe. Pashure vaviri vhiki vanofanira kukwira mwana yemisipiresi. Chii ephedra chaiyo, anogona kuoneka: kutanga kuonekwa tsono. Zvino tinofanira kungwarira uye chengeta nechiyero, kureva. E. mwisai zvinomera saka kusvikira zvakakodzera, tichidzivisa zvose underfilling uye kunyanya unyoro. Kamwe ose mavhiki maviri majaya miti yemisipiresi vanofanira zvokudya uye kusunungura topsoil.

Kana panze anodziya uye taramuka yakagwamba nechando, mizambiringa yakabva kumwe duku returnable inogona kudyarwa muvhu. In mugomba asati kudyara kuwedzera mufudze kana manyowa, hwakakanyiwa pasi, uye zvishoma fetiraiza dzakaoma. Most miti Christmas haana zvokudya. Achiisa zvinomera mumukaha, midzi nokungwarira akadurura ivhu, tamped kuzoteura mvura zvakanaka uye kuumba diki
kufukidza zvinhu ane girinihausi, firimu kana girazi zvirongo. Zvakafanira kuti zvimwe nokukurumidza acclimation kuti mizambiringa yakabva kumwe.

Mizambiringa yakabva kumwe mu greenhouses anofanira ventilated ose zuva. Vanofanira kuva akazaruka, kubvisa condensate uye tarisa hwevhu. Pashure pemazuva 7-10, yokuvanda anogona kubviswa uye ivhu akapoteredza nemisipiresi zamulchirovat kuchengetedza hwevhu. Kazhinji nemaruva mizambiringa yakabva kumwe yemisipiresi akura mumidziyo makore 3-4. Sezvo muti inokura zvishoma nezvishoma, ipapo ichi nguva ichaongororwa Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri kuti abudirire pakuzadzisa ephedra inonzi spruce. Mizambiringa yakabva kumwe venyika ino vanonyanya dzakashandisa tembiricha kunyanyisa, havachisiri kutya frosts uye sunburn. Makavasima uye kupfeka uye mvura yakanaka.

Species kudyiwa uye chikumbiro chavo

Kufanana Conifers zhinji, spruce, zvikuru decoration. Kwagara chishongo Manor Russian, minda nemapaki. Nhasi, nemhaka hombe kunhaka pakati maberekero basa, vakaratidza mhando mafuta akashandiswa mubindu mapindu zhinji. Herringbone, pachake yakawedzera kubva mbeu, kwete chete kuti vashongedze pebindu, asi anogona kuva mubereki tsika dzemhuri. nzira iyi kurimwa mbeu spruce ose akakodzera mhando dzose yakareba. Uyezve, kurimwa yakadaro runovimbisa rakaisvonaka kwadzakabva kuti mizambiringa yakabva kumwe kune okunze yacho. Pakati huripo mhando ngwariro chaiyo nzvimbo vagadziri chinokwezva zvipfupi spruce. Low-kukura akasiyana kakawanda haapfuuri metres kureba, vane yakafara korona batana. Vane huru mubindu kushongedzwa nziyo, dombo uye YOMUMAKOMO minda. Chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru uye dzakakurumbira vamiririri zvipenyu izvi - spruce Nidiformis.

Dwarf siyana: tsananguro

Nidiformis - cultivar ane raundi korona chimiro uye nechepakati rusesi. Tree kukwirira padikidiki kunosvika 1 m, uye korona zvasvika munhu dhayamita 3 m. The flattened korona achiumbwa sedendere, sezvo huru mapazi emuti hazvisi kuwanikwa, uye nhungirwa dzakawanda somusidhari feni. Gorgeous pfupi rima mitema tsono, gobvu chaizvo uye noruvara kufukidza mapazi. Tree chinokura zvishoma nezvishoma, achiwedzera rimwe gore asina kupfuura 3-4 masendimita kureba uye 5-7 cm. Herringbone undemanding kuti ivhu, inokura zvakanaka zvine mwero yakaorera supeschanikah chero Hazvizivikanwi acidity, asi inogona kurasika kana kunharaunda midzi nguva dzose pasi. spruce ichi, uyewo zvose pasi-kukura Conifers, mapikicha ayo akapa decoration chaizvo. A anononoka kukura rinogona kuponesa kamwe akasika vaiongorora kwemakore anouya. Nidiformisy akaomarara, asi majaya zvirimwa ndezvinorondedzerwa kuvanza ngozi kudzoka kwematsutso frosts.

Miti yakasvibira zvipfupi Conifers: kubereka

Kukakanganiswa chimiro havana wakachena mhando uye tinobereka chete vegetatively - ne kuchekwa uye layering, asi kwete mbeu. Chokwadi kuti zvirimwa izvi mugumisiro kunotouraya dzakasiyana siyana Conifers, uye mbeu dzavo, sezvo mutemo kwakajairika anokura varefu, kwete zvipfupi Conifers. Photos Sora zvipfupi mhando anogona kuwanikwa mumabhuku. Kana kuva ephedra kwakadaro oga zvikasashanda, nzira bedzi - kuchitoro. Miti Dwarf kazhinji inotengeswa mumidziyo. The chikuru mutemo kana kutenga ichi kutenga nokururamisira zvinodhura chinhu zvakasimba kuti mudzi mamiriro mizambiringa yakabva kumwe kwakasimba, tsime yakatanga, kwete kukanganisa kana mechanically kana zvipukanana. Asi vasati kuenda kuchitoro vanofanira kuverenga mashoko pamusoro pezvakaita korona, kunyanya kukura chirimwa uye nehanya navo.

Vazhinji mupaini mhando kwemakore akawanda akaramba yakanaka chimiro pasinei mugiredhi. Low-kukura zvipenyu zvinogona kutanga korona idenderedzwa, uye nokufamba kwenguva kuti aumbe cone. Zvisinei, spruce uye nemifiri - miti vari nevakawanda, kuti hazvibviri kufungidzira Russia pasina anoshamisa Conifers izvi.