St. Sophia Cathedral - yakakurumbira nhangaruvazhe pamusoro Kiev

St. Sophia Cathedral - anokosha mapurani chiwanikwa riri mumwoyo Kiev, pamusoro eponymous pachivara. Muzana XI remakore panzvimbo hondo reropa vakatora nzvimbo, iyo kwakaguma nevarwi Kiev Prince Yaroslava Mudrogo akakwanisa kukunda pamusoro anongofamba Pechenegs, uye nokuti kereke guru Orthodox chakazovakwa pano.

nyaya

Muguta Kiev Saint Sophia Cathedral akazviratidza yaitonga iri kunozivikanwa Yaroslava Mudrogo, asi nhoroondo huru Orthodox Kukereke Kievan Rus rakanyatsojeka kunzwisisa. Vamwe vaongorori vanoti kuti mutemberi panzvimbo iyi akavamba panguva yaitonga Vladimira Svyatoslavovicha, asi nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinosanganisira nheyo kusvikira nguva Yaroslava Mudrogo.

Cathedral shongwe yakanakisisa Byzantine vanatenzi, akatumira kubva Constantinople, asi chechi kwazova kwakapararira kupfuura dzimwe kereke Byzantine Orthodox, uye ndicho chinhu chikuru mutembere munharaunda pre-Mongol Russia. Nguva pfupi pashure okuguma Kyiv Sophia Cathedral akava musimboti enyika, pakunamata uye zvetsika upenyu, sezvo nzvimbo ino machinda makuru vakagamuchira dzimwe nhume, kushanda yaMakoronike mutemberi, muimba yepasi raibhurari, uye Popular Assembly vakaungana zvakananga pasi masvingo aro guru.

Muna 1240 St. Sophia Cathedral akanga sacked nokuda eMongolia, asi chivako akapona zvachose, uye oga XVII remakore mutemberi mavakirwo zvaikosha kuchinja akaitwa. Saka, pane yekare hemispherical domes vakanga yakaiswa mukuru peya serin'i domes, temberi wakavaka makamuri itsva, uye ayo akadzururwa nesuko France. Pasi pokutonga Soviet, kuti Cathedral akarasikirwa mamiriro temberi, uye muna 1934 vakagamuchira mamiriro miziyamu-chengetedza. Kuchinamata anenge vasiri aripo zvino, uye basa iri kamwe chete pagore - 24 August, apo Ukraine wokupemberera yayo Independence Day.

Architecture uye mukati magadzirirwo

Pakutanga kwezana XVII-XVIII emakore, apo St. Sophia Cathedral wava chinokosha Orthodox wemamongi yakaoma, kuti France temberi akapa zvinhu wokuUkraine Baroque. Uye vakakomberedza chivakwa yekare vaiva nezvimwe zvivako zviri chete mapurani manyorerwo, kusanganisira suo shongwe uye bhero neshongwe uye refectory pamapatya kwedzimba Brama Zaborovsky uye Metropolitan Home.

Mukuru "anosimbisa" pamusoro Church zvichengetedzwe wezvidimbu XI remakore, uye zvikuru nomukurumbira vavo - Kristu Pantocrator uye neMhandara Oranta. basa All waMosesi mutemberi akaita kushandisa glazes, inova munyu chiwanikwa, girazi uye simbi oxides, uye chete zvimedu akaita rekare dzinongoitika ibwe zvidimbu vanatenzi.

Zvinosuruvarisa Pamifananidzo temberi achiripo zvikuru kupfuura kare wezvidimbu zvemaoresa. On pasi Church unokwanisa kuona hombe nemahwendefa simbi, idzo zvakajeka kuoneka kirisendi mufananidzo, iyo sechinhu zviratidzo muMuslim. Uye hazvisi pachena nei akadaro uriri chifukidzo akaonekwa Orthodox yokunamatira. Pakutanga, nechepakati mumakamuri flooring kunge rwakagadzirira pamwe mosaics, uye pamakuva uye mberi nokudzoka shure - duku zvedongo mahwendefa, zvedongo nezvimedu uye Tile flooring akaparadzana nzvimbo uye zviri kunyatsooneka kuoneka.

Features

Sophia Cathedral refu kuchengeta imwe chakavanzika, svinudzai muuki munguva basa chokudzorerwa. Ichi chekare rusvingo zvinyorwa, iyo gare gare akanga akavanzwa pasi jena uye decoration Pamifananidzo uye izvi tracings Visitors St. Sophia anogona kuonekwa nhasi, sezvo restorers havana Gloss pamusoro pavo kana kupenda murals itsva. Chimwe Kukwezva kwetemberi chinhu yekare wakavezwa sarcophagus yemabhura, iyo dzimba dzasara wemufi muna 1054 Grand Yaroslava Mudrogo, uye ayo rokuongorora riripo mushanyi ose.