Tagil tireyi: kare, tsananguro uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Munguva ino kufambira mberi uye yakakwirira aimhanya, pave zvemagetsi uye mukuru-nokukurumidza Internet, nhamba iri kuwedzera vemo vaida kuregawo kubva chinongova chipatapata uye upenyu hwezuva nezuva. Chido kuzvitonga sorudzi anotumira pfungwa kudzidza netsika zvemadzitateguru edu. Chido kunosvika pakuita chinhu anosimudza zvinobatsira dzakaitwa nemaoko zvigadzirwa. Kudzokera zvinokosha, tinofanira kutendeukira handicrafts. Chimwe chinoshamisa nzvimbo vetsika Russian yekare ndiro Tagil tireyi.

zvenhoroondo dzekare

Makore anopfuura mazana matatu kare ane chevarwere ichi unyanzvi. It anodzokera kumusha uye mumusha Urals. Apo wokutanga simbi tireyi, akashongedzwa mifananidzo, zvisingaiti kutaura. Kumwe ari makore anosundwa nguva vakarasika mazita vemifananidzo, chamuita kuti muri ichi, hove, akava nomukurumbira nokuti Russia Great.

Official nhoroondo Tagil tireyi kunotanga simbi zvigayo mhuri Demidov. In pakati pezana XVIII remakore, maindasitiri aya atanga vachikanda simbi iri Nizhny Tagil (1725), uye Nevyansk Vyisky (1722). Pakazosvika 70 gore remakore iroro, maererano yaMakoronike, kusvikira fishery anowedzera nokuumba ari oga basa mhizha, Varnish okovschik.

All XVIII remakore kukura kutengeserana - zana Hudoyarovyh Painters. Icon Painters kumarudzi akawanda, Vavila Hama Fedor akatambura kiyi nenyanzvi painting, varnishing uye kushongedzwa nezvidhori kushongedzwa zvemumba, zviumbwe, zvipfuva, midziyo. Zvanzi vatenzi Tagil tireyi vanosungirwa kupenda unyanzvi "tsyr" - hwaro yendarama norupo akazara yechitema background. Pashure solidification zviri dzakatetepa goridhe mudziyo kubvisa pamusoro layer ichibereka kujairika mapatani. Artists uye nokugadzirwa iri anonzi "nekristaro varnish" zvemariro yakajeka uye nokupisa nemishonga. Kupendwa pamusoro mirairo Demidov dzacho uye nemidziyo zvinhu takaendeswa dzoushe misoro miviri Russian.

Ichatonga zvine mbiri hove

Mugumo XVIII - pakutanga XIX remakore - ichatonga zvine mbiri nguva hove. Inonzi remakore rokutanga Demidov School, iyo gare gare kutaura. Demidov hwakatamisirwa imwe mhuri raanoziva nomumwe nyanzvi, maindasitiri njanji. Zvingoro kupendwa mabhokisi zvishongo shuga mbiya, zviumbwe, mabhokisi nezvimwe zvemumba kwakaitwa "guta gomo", sezvo vakadana Nizhnetagilskye, akaenda Irbit uye Macarius akanaka, uye kubva ipapo Nizhny Novgorod, Central Asia uye Europe. Yaiva yendarama zera Kugadzirwa fishery.

Decline uye Revival

Kubva pakati pezana remakore XIX, pamwe veMubatanidzwa kwemaindasitiri, vakatanga kwokuderera handicrafts uye zvinenge zvose handicrafts. The kuwedzera kumhanya upenyu anomanikidzwa kupa dzakaitwa nemaoko nemicheka, vachiitsiva ne Yokudzidza, zvikuru stylized siyana. Hand nokuchengetedza kupa nzira maindasitiri, nemasango chepakutanga oudzame unotsiva rakanyorwa mabhii rinowanzodhinda mapepa.

Pakazosvika makore 20-fung upenyu XX remakore hove akachengetedzwa ari mashoma cooperatives vatenzi akadai "Vashandi" uye "Red Dawn." Nyanzvi dzakaitwa nemaoko dzacho dzaiva hazvina kutorwa nehama dzazvo muna Soviet Russia, saka vari yakatumwa kuMiddle East uye China.

chitsuwa chete Tagil podnosnogo hove anoramba ari musangano iri Nizhny Tagil fekitari enamelware.

Sezvo 90s remakore rapfuura, nenguva kugadzirisa uye kutanga mabhizimisi duku, kutanga kunonoka uye rakadzikama simukai yakakanganwika ounyanzvi. Revival wakasika rakasiyana ruoko kupendwa cooperatives uye cooperatives vemifananidzo.

School Painters Demidovs

About chikoro Demidovs vanofanira kuudza voga, nokuti iye akatipa imba yavanatenzi akadai Dubasnikovy, Chausova, Kaygorodova uye Perezolovy.

vatengesi Demidov vaiziva kuti chinhu chikuru chiri fishery - footage ichi. Ndizvo chinangwa dzidzo uye kurovedza nyanzvi, ivo nheyo chikoro muna 1806, iyo akakumbirwa kudzidzisa zvinokosha nekutaura kudzidza Imperial Academy of Arts VI Albycheva.

The chikoro kwemakore mana akadzidza chete vakomana, kutanga nemakore 12. Asi kurimwa achiri kuperevedza ruzivo netsvimbo. Ipapo vakatanga kutora kuchikoro nevasikana nemadzimai. Zvinofadza Demidov sezvo zvinovakurudzira chokuda kudzidza "kunyora zvikuru," raisanganisira kukurudzira vakadzi muchimiro issuance ose hengechepfu. Zvishoma nezvishoma kusika akapendwa zviumbwe kunopinda maoko womukadzi, sezvinowanzoita nhasi.

The chikoro akava chaizvo kwakabatsira kukura hove bazi ounyanzvi. Tagilskaya akapendwa dzacho zvishoma nezvishoma anowana pachake tsika dzayo.

Nokukurumidza pasi chigadzirwa anotanga "zvinokura" zvechokwadi Tagilskaya akamuka - kwokufananidzira ruva kwemakore akawanda akava muenzaniso wacho fishery.

Tagil tireyi - mufananidzo dzacho, pamwe kuratidza mashoko wakarodzwa uye akachena kupenda, achiratidza rengano uye nhoroondo storylines.

Zvishoma nezvishoma vari dzakabudirira pamusoro multi-faceted nounyanzvi fomu riveted. Figure jira simbi, mapatani, Matandira uye eitsvo okunze, akasikwa nemaoko mhizha, akava hwaro unyanzvi kupenda. Saka akasikwa Tagil tireyi.

Dzakabudirira uye inokosha Tagil mufananidzo - unyanzvi kuti kaviri brushstroke. Panguva iyoyowo yakaumbwa uye zvikuru nezvemaitiro storylines.

varnish chakavanzika

Hudoyarovyh chigaro lacquer muchivande nhema kukura zvazvichanyungudutswa turpentine copal, miti mafuta hemp uye turpentine mupaini. Kusiyana chando kumabvazuva lacquering, nzira kutsanya ndikarangarira kupisa (ari tembiricha rworwendo 300) unhani. The Zvinoumba akawedzera vatungamirire oxide uye manganese - lacquer vakava läpinäkyvä pendi uye anozorodza. Zvakavanzika zvake haana wakatsemuka.

Chii Tagil tireyi?

Zviumbwe aita uye kuramba vari mumusangano. Kuchinja michina, asi kunyange nhasi redzidziso rokusika basa - hwaro hove.

vachinyatsogona nzira anoitwa chimiro tireyi uye akafukidzwa nevhu kaviri uye ipapo dema enamel. Mushure kuomesa preform chinopinda mumaoko the artist, ipapo ornamentarista. Mushure kupenda chigadzirwa varnished.

ano hove

Gadzira mabasa uri pakati Nizhny Tagil chevarwere Arts uye ounyanzvi. Trademarks vari pamutemo kudzivirirwa patents. Tagil tireyi nguva dzose chinokwezva yokumwe Artists uye vateresi. Wizards tora chikamu kuratidzira uye Auktionen muRussia uye kure nenyika yaro. Museum of Nizhny Tagil uye Yekaterinburg vanozvikudza munhu akapfuma muunganidzwa Tagil zviumbwe, dzakanga hwakaratidza muUnited States, France, Poland uye dzimwe nyika.

Chii Tagil tireyi, nhasi anozivikanwa kure miganhu nyika yedu. Mabasa vatenzi uye Hudoyarovyh Dubasnikovyh - parera exposures mamiziyamu Russian uye private kuunganidza. Tagilskoye zvigadzirwa akaratidzwa sechipo kumachinda uye madzimambo. Nevamwe Tagil "lakernaya" kupenda - rakasiyana muenzaniso chevarwere unyanzvi, iyo aburuka mazuva edu, uye anoramba vakashamiswa uye anofarira vanoda yepakutanga okugadzira zvinhu.