The kuranga nhoroondo zvoupfumi

Sezvazvakanga yakabuda apo abudiswe enyika upfumi sezvo yakazvimirira bazi nhoroondo nesayenzi upfumi yechipiri yezana XIX remakore,. Izvi vanoda wamuka nokuti kuti zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti kunzwisisa zvesayenzi kukura zvoupfumi pezvakaitwa vari munzanga kare sezvazviri. Basa upfumi munzanga aida kuzvipira kudzidza, nokuti aida okufananidza kuongorora zvose zveupfumi kuitika munyika kukura, achibatsirwa ongororo iyi, zvaigoneka kuziva chaizvo zvinhu kusiyanisa kukura upfumi munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzenyika uye nyika dzakasiyana, kufungisisa peculiarities okukura kwavo, nenzvimbo ezvinhu, tsanangudzo yakaperera kwetsika uye mafungiro.

Voga nhoroondo zvoupfumi somunhu yoga akazvimirira sayenzi yakanga kunewo chokuita kudiwa kunzwisisa socio-zvemari siyana kuchinja, izvo rwaiitwa munyika dzakasiyana pasi pokudzora pose kuitika kukura chinangwa zvakafanana uye pamusoro chete ezvinhu. Nechekare panguva pakuguma XIX remakore nhoroondo zveupfumi vakava yakazvimirira kurangwa, iyo inodzidziswa mumayunivhesiti zhinji. Achibatsirwa nezvenyaya iyi yakagadzirwa nenyanzvi vave kukwanisa kuitisa kuchinja basa, achishandisa ruzivo enhoroondo neruzivo zvinhu uye kwakavakirwa ruzivo urwu.

Yokushandisa hunobatsira nhoroondo dzezvoupfumi kunodiwawo ruzivo isiyo upfumi yokuti, kukwanisa kutsanangura uye kushandisa mitemo zvoupfumi uye kuziva chaizvo unhu dzakasiyana zvoupfumi gadziriro. Research mumunda nhoroondo uye zvoupfumi kukosha yakasvika munyika nesayenzi. Sezvo congresses dzakawanda uye kuti pave nzvimbo dzakawanda kuti Kufambisa kutsvakurudza zveupfumi vakatanga aiitisa kubva 1960. Muna 1962 akatanga International Association of Economic History. Pasina mubvunzo, Kunyatsodzidza uye tsvakurudzo uyewo inini uye nhoroondo Russian upfumi.

The chinhu pacharo nhoroondo kwoupfumi panguva mharadzano mitatu nhungamiro kudzidza nhoroondo uye kukura munzanga yevanhu. Ndiyo nyaya, uyewo dzidziso hwenyika uye zvakananga upfumi. hunhu kwakadaro nezvenhoroondo dzezvoupfumi, iyo ibasa, izvozvo anosika kunzwisisa mamiriro vanotozvikuvadza kunotungamirira kune vakawanda yepakarepo zvinhu kudzidza. Kana iwe tora zvose zvavo nemashoko, muchidzidza ndiyo nhoroondo chaiwo mavambo, inotungamirwa uye kukura pachake pezvakaitwa zvoupfumi uye zvakavapo.

In adzidze zvoupfumi nhoroondo wacho nharaunda uye inoti sezvo nyaya kudzidza kushandisa zvinhu zvavo dzakaitika kukura, matambudziko idzi pamusoro kukura iyi, hupfumi zvinokonzera uye migumisiro siyana dzakaitika siyana zviitiko, uyewo hurumende mari mutemo uye zvichiguma nemigumisiro yacho. In adzidze National upfumi nhoroondo nyika kudzidza kukura mashandiro ose kushanda upfumi, tikadzidza Kushanduka kurima mugadziriro, nhoroondo kukura siyana sectors hwenyika, uye zvimwe zvayo pezvakaitwa - ichi kwemaindasitiri uye urbanization, kukura pamisika ukama uye pamwe, ukuru centralization uye murayiro upfumi, nhoroondo kukura uye kushandisa mutero uyewo mari, chikwereti uye mari.

Kunzwisisa kwakaita nokudzidza nhoroondo upfumi padiwe mubatanidzwa zvakasiyana siyana uye nzira nesayenzi tsvakurudzo. Huru nzira iyi nyaya ndiyo nzira dzakaitika, pfungwa, classifications nzira, nhoroondo simulation nzira, ari kuenzaniswa munhoroondo, anotevedzana, magariro, mafungiro uye nezvimwewo.