Zvinogona electric munda, ukama huri pakati simba uye zvinogona

Funga chisungo simba uye kukwanisa mu wemagetsi mumunda. Toti tine vamwe chokwadi mhosva muviri. muviri Izvi takapoteredzwa wemagetsi munda. Fast mberi munda uyu yakanaka vachengetwe kuchinjwa kuva iro akaita basa. Kwakakura basa kwakadaro Proportional zvakananga ukuru vebasa uye zvichienderana nenzvimbo yaro pasango misha. Kana isu kutora reshiyo akakwana basa A kuti kukosha Kutamiswa mutariri Q, ipapo kukosha ichi ukama A / Q haangavi novimba uwandu muripo kuti Kutamiswa, asi achava novimba kusarudza kufamba pfungwa, apo chimiro munzira hachibatsiri.

Ngatikurukurei tanga mutariri mumunda, kutamira kubva pfungwa zvikuru kure, munda zvikuru ndiyo razero. The kukosha ukama kwebasa vachafanira kuita panguva pamusoro masimba yemagetsi romunda, kuti uwandu muripo kuti Kutamiswa achava kubatsirwa chete pazuva rokupedzisira kwebasa pfungwa nzvimbo. Somugumisiro, ukoshi ichi chinoshandiswa maitiro pfungwa yacho yebhora kwakadaro.

Kukosha iyo kunoonekwa nhamba basa rinoitwa munyika kuchinjwa zvakanaka mutariri paneimwewo munda pfungwa kusaverengeka kuti uwandu muripo iyo kunoita anonzi kusango mukana.

Tsanangudzo iyi zvinoreva kuti imwe pfungwa mumunda akaenzana dzingangoitika, iro rinoitwa nokuita zvakanaka mutariri pane imwe achitandadza kusaverengeka.

Kwakakura zvinogona runotaurwa tsamba φ:

φ = A / Q

Zvinogona - the scalar uwandu. Potentials mumwe pfungwa musango chokwadi mhosva muviri vane zvakanaka kukosha, uye potentials muviri nezvisingafadzi mutariri vasingadi ukoshi.

Tinoratidza kuti sangano mashandiro mari, riri kuitwa kuchinjwa zvakanaka vebasa kuti uwandu muripo akatamisira akaenzana dzingangoitika musiyano kufamba pfungwa.

Anotarisirwa musiyano pakati maviri akasiyana pfungwa dzesango, saka, inonzi munda simba pakati zvakadaro pfungwa. Kana munda voltage anonzi U, ukama huri pakati simba uye zvinogona kunoratidzwa mukana wokuti vanhu vanga:

U = φ₁ - φ₂

In tsanangudzo iyi, zvinogona anoramba kure pfungwa achava akaenzana razero. Muchiitiko ichi tichiti zvinogona zero pfungwa anogona kuva zvemasanga pfungwa dzesango, pakusarudza kwayo zvachose kwakajairika. The zvinogona musiyano zviviri zvemasanga pfungwa mumunda yakazvimirira vakasarudzwa achitandadza razero zvinogona.

In yokungotaura ongororo kwazvakarerekera pfungwa zvinogona mabasa pfungwa zvikuru kure. Asi tsika - chero pfungwa pepasi.

Saka, zvinogona kuti wefizikisi - iri ukoshi kuyerwa nhamba basa kuchinjwa zvakanaka vebasa pachiso mune imwe pfungwa iri kusango kwakakura vebasa.

The ukama pakati kusungika uye anotaura zvinogona cho wemagetsi munda. Uyezve, kana makakatanwa ari simba rayo hunhu uye kuti huwandu simba iyo anoita mhosva iri zvemasanga imwe pfungwa munda uyu, vanokwanisa - simba rayo noruzhinji. By potentials siyana pfungwa tingaziva kwakakura yemagetsi munda basa iri chinofamba mutariri uchishandisa nzira:

A = qU, kana A = Q (φ₁ - φ₂),

sezvamakaropafadzwa Q - mutariri uwandu, U - voltage munda pakati Dots uye φ₁, φ₂ - zvinogona misha pfungwa.

Funga ukama pakati zvakanyanya uye zvinogona mune rimwe yemagetsi munda. Kuchinyanya E ose pfungwa chete munda, uye saka simba F, izvo anoita pamusoro chikwata nokuchengeta, zvakare, zvakafanana uye zvakaenzana E. It anotevera kuti simba izvo anoita mhosva Q mumunda uyu achava akaenzana F = qE.

Kana kure pakati mbiri dzinokosha munda uyu akaenzana D, kuti uchiraira chinobuda nokuita basa:

A = Fd = Ged = d (φ₁-φ₂),

apo φ₁-φ₂ ndiyo musiyano iri zvinogona pakati mumunda pfungwa.

Nokudaro:

E = (φ₁-φ₂) / D,

kureva dzakafanana yemagetsi munda kuchinyanya achava akaenzana dzingangoitika musiyano iyo kuwa paminiti Unit urefu, vakatora pamusoro dzinza simba musango.

Panguva diki akareba, kubatana pakati simba uye zvingaitika richinzi yakafanana uye nonuniform munda, sezvo paine munda pakati maviri kunyatsotevera munzvimbo dzokuzororera dzaiva pfungwa inogona kutora yunifomu.