The mushonga "Novocaine": mirayiridzo kushandiswa, mutengo. "Novocaine" iri pamuviri

Medicine "Novocaine" kunobatsira unonyaradza marwadzo zvinodhaka. Mishonga pandandanda chinonyanya kukosha zvokurapa namano.

Pharmacological ehupfumi "Novocaine" chinodhaka

Mirayiridzo yokushandisa kunoratidza kuti mushonga ane munharaunda rufimbi mwero basa, iri zvinowanzoshandiswa okurapa. Kugadzirira "Novocaine", riri simba chawo, yavaibvisa migero vari nemutemo zvichivhiringidza kugadzirwa uye kupararira tsinga nomunhu ari tsinga fibers uye harinzwi. Kana kugamuchira medicament Migumisiro kuchinja potentials mumasero neuronal, pamwe zvaikosha zvinosuruvarisa achizorora zvinogona haisi inopiwa. The mushonga anovanza Mashoko marwadzo nomunhu.

Panguva kubvisa uye pakarepo anopinda neropa kana raitongwa nomutsinga pane kuderera pakati excitability pakati peripheral cholinergic hurongwa, uye kuderedzwa kubereka pamusoro kusunungurwa acetylcholine preganglionic harinzwi. The medicament "Novocaine" (mirayiridzo Chinyorwa anotsanangura nezvazvo) anobvisa kurwadza kwacho pakati wakatsetseka tsandanyama, akazoita excitability pakati injini kunharaunda uropi cortex uye infarction.

For intravenous kushandiswa, mushonga une antiarrhythmic, hypotensive, antishock, unonyaradza marwadzo Chaizvoizvo, inowedzera refractory nguva, yekudyidzana kunoderedza conductivity, uye automaticity excitability. At kushandiswa dzakakwirira mishonga zvingaitika kutyora huta tsandanyama conduction, nokugwinha zvinochengetwa.

The mushonga kunobvisa Akavhuna rigone kwechirwere uropi hunde, mumwe mwoyo kukanganisa polisinapticheskie hunenge. It ane pfupi rufimbi basa. Action infiltration yokutindivadza kunotora maminitsi 30 kusvika 1 awa. Kugadzirisa "Novocain" akatanga varwere vakwegura intramuscularly panguva tanga pathologies anogona zvinobudirira kurwisa zvirwere chokuita zvakanaka nokushanda kwenhengo tsinga, chepfungwa kurwadza kwacho, coronary uye vascular neBP.

The mushonga ari havaratidzi woga kuburikidza mucous. Kana basa mumiririri nokukurumidza jekiseni kupinda muropa, iri hydrolyzed nokuda esterases nyama uye plasma, achiumba huru mbiri vanovapo metabolite: PABA (mhandu chemotherapeutic sulfa zvinodhaka) uye diethylaminoethanol (ane mwero vasodilating chiito). Rairatidzwa itsvo dziri metabolites.

Murwiyo uye chimiro "Novocaine" chinodhaka

Yakabudiswa mushonga sezvo kugadzirisa kuti jekiseni iri pachena, Hauoneki mvura, mune ampoules vhoriyamu kubva 1 kusvika 20ml. The chikamu vanoshingaira chirungiso mairi 0.25 uye 0.5. Mukuwedzera, one- uye maviri muzana kusunungurwa "Novocaine" gadziriro mhinduro. Mutengo fomu iri pamusoro 15 rubles.

Popular uye upfu, uyewo chena mhinduro kubva medicament, yakadururirwa ndiro pamusoro 0.2 uye 0,4 litres. Nokuti kurapa zvirwere zvakawanda kushandisa mafuta 5 uye 10 muzana, uye suppositories, ane 0.1 magiramu vane basa chirungiso (procaine hydrochloride), uyewo ebetsero zvinoriumba - witepsol kana tallow. Muna 1 ml chinoshingaira fuma iri uwandu 0,005 magiramu, mamwe zvinoriumba kuita hydrochloric asidhi uye mvura kuti jekiseni.

zvairatidza

Drug "Novocaine" mirayiridzo kushandiswa vanokurudzirwa sarudza kuita retrobulbar, chinouraya, musana, waya, nhengo dzomuviri, infiltration yokutindivadza. Kushandisa medicament zvibereko vagosympathetic uye perirenal jugular blockade. Pokushandisa suppository unoshanda kuti analgesia pamwe mumagaro Kunetsana uye haemorrhoids. Kushandisa mafuta akaita zviratidzo neurodermatitis, eczema, kuvaviwa dermatosis.

Medicine "Novocaine": mirayiridzo kushandiswa

Majekiseni varwere vakura sezvinoita infiltration yokutindivadza mune bhuku 300-600 MG (0.25-0.5 muzana mhinduro).

Zvakasimba zvinokambaira infiltration Wisniewski nzira rinoitwa nokusuma 0.25% mhinduro mune imwe mari 125 ml. Nhengo dzomuviri yokutindivadza zvinoitwa tichibatsirwa "Novocaine" maviri-muzana mhinduro. Majekiseni muperekedzi anokurudzira munhu chipimo chemushonga 25 Rine mamiririta. Spinal yokutindivadza yaunganidzwa 2-3 ml 5% zvinodhaka. In pfava tsika 10% of zvinodhaka inotoda yaishandiswa kukamura uchishandisa yokutindivadza.

Kuwedzera ya zviito zvinodhaka uye kuderedza absorbability yaro, uyewo imwe rufimbi zvinodhaka "Novocaine" romunzvimbo rakasanganiswa mhinduro kubva epinephrine hydrochloride. Kuti aite electrophoresis inokurudzirwa kushandisa 10% zvinodhaka. The perirenal mafuta apo blockade pamusoro Wisniewski anofanira kupinda 60 kana 120 ml 0.5-ndipo kana 0.25% mhinduro, ukuwo. Vagosympathetic blockade zvinoberekwa nokusuma 100 ml zvibereko 0.25% yevasungwa.

Pasinei contraindications majekiseni "Novocaine" vana kazhinji ushandiswe sezvo mushonga unonyaradza marwadzo panguva yaitonga mamwe mishonga. The chipimo chemushonga rinowanikwa inobva kurema mwana (kwete milligrams anopfuura 15 muzana kilogram).

Rectal suppositories anoshandiswa pashure kare akaita purgation Via enema kana wakasununguka. Kana ganda pathologies chizoro rinoshandisirwa zvakakanganisa dzakaonda rukoko rinofukidza kaviri muna kugogodza.

nemishonga

Drug "Novocaine" (mirayiridzo kushandisa zvinonyevera iyi) zvingakonzera kunaka siyana.

Central uye peripheral tsinga kupindura mishonga nemusoro, utera, hope, dzungu, kupinduka pinduka, pfari. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, pane tremor, kurasikirwa pfungwa, lockjaw, kunzwa uye kutadza kuona zvakanaka, paraesthesia, kuoma makumbo, nystagmus. Uyezve, pangava kufema muviri, rakavhara kufema netsandanyama.

Cardio-vascular ezvinhu ari kuchinja BP, pane kurwadziwa muchipfuva, arrhythmia, bradycardia, pakaparara, peripheral vasodilatation.

Urinary uye zvomudumbu hurongwa vanoteerera mishonga kushandisa involuntary weti, defecation, kurutsa uye svoto.

On chikamu kweropa hurongwa kurutivi anokonzerwa zvinosanganisira methemoglobinemia. Mukuwedzera, zvinodhaka kungaita neutachiona:

• mikoko;
• anaphylaxis ;
• ganda upundu;
• kuvaviwa.

For dzinoodza siyana zvinosanganisira kuramba yokutindivadza, kusabetsera, hypothermia, musana marwadzo. Panguva yokutindivadza mu dentistry vakachengeta dzikawedzerwa pamusoro yokutindivadza, paresthesia uye chiveve miromo uye rurimi.

ovhadhozi

Kushandisa "Novocaine" chinodhaka inonyorwa, izvo zvinoratidza kurapwa zvaiitwa vanofanira kupiwa nachiremba. Kutadza kutevedza mitemo zvingava zviratidzo ovhadhozi. Zviratidzo kunyanya kushandiswa medicament vari pallor pamusoro mucous membranes uye ganda integument, methemoglobinemia, kufema, kungoerekana kumanikidzwa inodonha, tachycardia, kupfupika mweya, kurutsa, kutonhora sweats, kuda kurutsa, dzungu. Varwere vane pfungwa kutya, gwenya nokusagadzikana, kugwinha, aone zvinhu zvisipo. Kuti kubvisa kuratidzirwa ovhadhozi, zvakakodzera kuti tiite pulmonary kufefetedza pamwe okisijeni inhalation, muna dzakaoma kunzwisisa, akarayira symptomatic uye detoxification mishonga.

Contraindications

Kushandisa zvinodhaka murege varwere vose. Kana yokutindivadza nzira panorambidza zvinokambaira infiltration mumiririri kuti zvinyama fibrotic kuchinja. Subarachnoid yokutindivadza haigoni kuitwa panguva septicemia, kuvhunduka rinoti, hypotension, kubuda ropa. Hazvina varumbidzwa kuita zvisina kurapwa Somuenzaniso, ita tsonyera ne "Novocaine".

With kunyatsogadzirira yaishandiswa panguva mabasa varwere rikwanise nokurasikirwa neropa, itsvo kutadza; nokuti zvinhu chokuita rutapudzo rimwe hepatic wedzerai ropa, yepamusoro cardiac uye vascular insufficiency; pamusoro chirwere panguva jekiseni nzvimbo; anogumbura pathologies. Under inokosha zvokurapa cherechedzo zvinokosha kushandisa mishonga pakusununguka, varwere inorema uye zvamuremadza, vanhu vakwegura uye vana pasi pemakore ruzhinji.

With zvikabatanidzwa nemishonga pamwe anticoagulants ( "danaparoid" "Warfarin", "Ardeparin", "dalteparin", "Enoxaparin" "Heparin") kunowedzera mukana ropa. Achideredza kumanikidzwa uye bradycardia vakachengeta panguva mawa kwokubatsira mishonga kune mishonga "trimetafan", "mecamylamine", "guanadrel", "guanethidine." Wedzerai vemunzvimbo rufimbi zviito kusimudza mari "Epinephrine," "methoxamine", "Phenylephrine."

Zvakakurukurwa kushanda

ari sanganisa "Novocaine" uye napamberi kuita bara, kunodiwa hazvo kuona mumwe aikanganiswa mishonga. Kuti aite izvi, aite rimwe ganda bvunzo, uye kana paine akatsvuka uye kuzvimba kunogona kutongwa nomunhu asiri kugamuchirwa zvinoreva.

Panguva kurapwa zvakafanira kuongorora kushanda zvemwoyo, huta uye kufema nehurongwa. Kuderedza systemic dzokupisa, toxicity uye kuwedzera kubata zvinodhaka panguva yomunharaunda yokutindivadza, zvinodhaka "lidocaine" kana "Novocaine" rinoshandiswa pachiimbwa vasoconstrictors. Nokuti ichi, mumwe kuderera epinephrine hydrochloride mhinduro wakaradzikwa 3 ml ari medicament "Novocaine".

The yakakwirira wevasungwa chemhinduro kushandiswa, zvikuru ndiye muchetura chinodhaka. Kuti muderedze mauto Zvinokurudzirwa kuderedza zvinonyatsorehwa chipimo chemushonga kuti medicament kana rakasanganiswa kuti yakaderera wevasungwa. Izvi zvinoitwa ane chena isotonic mhinduro kubva yavaibvisa chloride.

Nokuti kudzivirira munhu hypersensitivity nezvinoita kwokutanga nzendo kurapwa raitongwa 2 Rine mamiririta maviri muzana mhinduro, uye mushure mamazuva matatu (kana pasina divi migumisiro) ari dose yakanga yawedzera kusvika 3 ML, uye ipapo anoenderera kushandisa zvizere vhoriyamu - 5 Rine mamiririta por jekiseni.

Panguva outpatient kurapwa kunodiwa kurega kutyaira uye Implementation yemabasa chokuita wakawedzera kutarisirwa, kumhanya injini uye nepfungwa siyana.

Kudyidzana nevamwe zvinodhaka

Kana achiita nomutsinga, mushonga runogonesa inhibitory chaizvo tsinga sedatives, akarara mapiritsi, chezvombo zvinoshandiswa kungopa yokutindivadza, mapiritsi uye marwadzo analgesics. The mushonga kunowedzera kuitwa tsandanyama, nechigumbuso tsinga kunokonzerwa suxamethonium. Ngozi hypotension ichiwedzerwa nokushandisa mari "Novocaine" pamwe Mao FIs) vasanganiswa.

Anticholinesterase zvinodhaka awedzere toxicity zvinodhaka, tunodzivisa hydrolysis kwayo. Para-aminobenzoic acid, ndicho metabolite zvinodhaka, zvinoderedza ari inorwisa utachiona mugumisiro sulfonamides, nokuti nyasha zvemakwikwi antagonist. Mukana vomunharaunda siyana muchimiro edema nokuwedzerwa hwevanhu vanorwara vari kugadzira nzvimbo majekiseni omunzvimbo rufimbi rokutarisira Via disinfectant zvinogadzirisa ane simbi inorema.

Kushandiswa "Novocaine" chinodhaka panguva pamuviri

Panguva mukubereka vana vakadzi vazhinji nenguva yatinoona mazino kurapwa kana siyana vatarisane zviratidzo, zvakadai sokurwadza. In dentistry, yokutindivadza rinowanzoshandiswa rinoreva "Novocaine". Kushandisa zvinodhaka mumamiriro ezvinhu aya anogamuchirwa. Unofanira chete vanofanira kuudza chiremba wako pamusoro pamuviri kuti akashandisa mushonga, kufungisisa iripo. Kana toxicosis, vanoita pamwe kuchinja BP, sezvo akabvumira mishonga "Novocaine". In pamuviri, kushandiswa kwayo kunobvira chete panguva yakakwirira kumanikidzwa, pashure risati zano chiremba.

Danho hwezvekukurukurirana basa mwoyo uye vakazorora zvainoita netsandanyama. Kana zviratidzo kurwadziwa mudumbu, ayo chokuita peptic urikanwi chirwere, tinoratidza kushandiswa suppositories. Normalize kumanikidzwa Mamota zvinogona kushandisa suppositories. Drug "Novocaine" rinoshandiswa panguva pamuviri chete mushonga, dzokuzvirapa hazvibvumirwi! Mazvikokota kuchaita ngaaverenge inodiwa dose uye kakawanda chourongwa, pashure ongorora zviratidzi akazvitakura. Suppositories anoshandiswa kaviri nezuva, pre-kubvisa muviri Via enema.

Price uye zvinodhaka analogues "Novocaine"

Mutengo "Novocaine" gadziriro (mutengo zvingasiyana zvishoma muna nomumwe Pharmacies) mu ndiro (0.5%) ndiyo 22 rubles. Per chinu 0.25% mhinduro (200 Rine mamiririta) kana rectal suppositories ndichakupai 27 rubles. Structural analogues ose vanoshingaira fuma vari medicaments:

• "Procaine hydrochloride".
• "Novocain hwaro."
• "Novocaine-chinu".
• "Novocaine Bufus".