The neeSultan pakukura Russian: tsananguro, zita uye nzvimbo

"Iwe hausi pachena okunze kwakasiyana pano" - Mashoko Vladimira Vysotskogo, aizivikanwa zvinenge zvose, chingava Mashoko ose dingindira ichi. Zviri pamusoro pamakomo, yakanaka kwazvo zvose zvakasikwa zororo. Hazvishamisi, rwakaimbwa mabasa vadetembi mazhinji, vanokwezva vashanyi, makomo uye vanhu vanoda sika dzakasiyana chinhu chakadaro ekunze. Kutarisa mumuviri map, munhu anogona kuona yakawanda gomo neeSultan vakapararira pasi pose. Rich mavari uye Russian ndima.

Geographical zviri Russia

makomo Russian, kufanana nenyika varindi parutivi kumaodzanyemba uye kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva kumucheto nyika, nokusika yakasiyana uye yakavimbika nhovo sandara nzvimbo. simba Ural chete noushingi chinoyambuka yakakura expanses kweRussia, hazvina kugadzirisa pamwe kumiganhu, kana pamusoro nguva. Unorema VOKUPARIDZIRA anogara sandara dzoga, makomo kana achiona paterevhizheni, kana pane dzimwe nguva, kuwana zororo iri dzemakomo. Isingasviki hafu okuyamura munyika dzine kuRussia chakafukidzwa nemakomo. Uye zvinenge anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri zvose Russia vari South uye Far East nyika.

Muchidimbu pamusoro pemakomo

Kana iwe kubata zvaraireva features, izvo unogona kuona chaizvoizvo chii pamakomo pamberi mucherechedzi, izvozvo akataura zvinoverengeka chaiwo pfungwa:

• kukwirira kupfuura 200 metres pamusoro zvakadini netsoka;
• kumawere;
• kuvapo nenhongonya.

On Nezvekwakabva makomo zvinosiyana. Kana paiva deformation dzenyika nechepasi, izvozvo yakabuda gomo - tectonic hunhu.

Somugumisiro chakakomba kuputika kwemakomo madota, uye zvimwe zvacho kuunganidza zvichiumba makomo. idzodzo akadaro kuputika mavambo, uye nguva dzose pane mwena panguva pegomo akadaro.

kukwidza kuchinja, anokonzerwa kukurwa kwevhu, anogonawo kusika makomo. Kazhinji arrays anoverengeka homogeneous mavambo kuungana mundima iyoyo. Ipapo vakatumidza gomo hurongwa.

List pamusoro anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri Russian

Kuti tiwane mashiripiti umambo, vatambi kazhinji akatumwa "shure makomo uye negungwa." Ndizvo apo tiri kwedu nzira. The neeSultan gomo Russia, kunze vakuru Ural, riri kumucheto munyika. On nzvimbo yaro iri anenge 20 kana 1 mamwe neeSultan gomo fung. Rizivikanwe Nhongonya, soro iyo anonzi Elbrus. Asi pane kudaro matsi uye zvakaoma kusvika munzvimbo kuti kuyera kureba vamwe nenhongonya hazvibviri. Conventionally anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri Russia inogona muzvikamu zvitanhatu:

1. ECaucasus.
2. Makomo Ural.
3. Hibiny.
4. Far East.
5. South Siberia.
6. North-kumabvazuva kweSiberia.

Okupedzisira matatu zvinhu zvinosanganisira asangana ndima yakakura, aiswamo zvikuru gomo neeSultan anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri weRussia.

Arrays Siberian west

Kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva munharaunda kuSiberia ndivo runako zvinoshamisa zvipenyu. Majaya navatana Midungwerungwe yemakomo, taiga nzvimbo achinaya mvura - ndicho yezvakaita Nzvimbo uye nharaunda. The yakakwirira East-Siberian Plateau, Mount Victory, otonga kukwirira 3 makiromita. Iye mumwe kumusoro pakati gomo neeSultan yoKumabvazuva kweSiberia, izvo ruoko anopfuura 14 makiromita. Kunze Highland ichi, siyana anosanganisira Verkhoyansk Range, Mountain Byrranga uye Central Siberian Plateau.

Kuchamhembe-okumabvazuva mundima akawedzera nguva matombo Mesozoic uye Cenozoic. Uyewo, pane yekare neyazvino mazitombo echando. Kunyunguduka Climate mhando kunotungamirira kuti dzimwe nzizi muchando zvakazara, kureva, chaizvoizvo kusvika pasi.

Makomo Verkhoyansk

Verkhoyansk Ridge pamepu yeRussia mumwe munzvimbo gomo nomwe kuchamhembe-rokumabvazuva nharaunda. Zvinonzi rakamiswa pamusoro munharaunda Yakutia. The Hurongwa zvinosanganisira neeSultan dzakadaro huru Russia sezvo Harulahsky, Orulgan uye Suntar-Hayata. Okunze Nzvimbo iyi yakasiyana nekuomarara. Cold low tembiricha iri hunodzorwa 8-9 mwedzi pamusara. Muna January, avhareji tembiricha iri ashaye kuti -40. Snowpack anotanga itye muna June, kunyange chitubu anouya akapoteredza mid-May. Zhizha pfupi uye venga, kashoma inodziya kupfuura madhigirii 14. Zvaive munguva iyi iri mugove kunonaya weshumba.

Nokuda akaoma mamiriro okunze, vanhu munzvimbo iyi rakanyatsojeka vasingakoshi, ukuwo, mafuro uye mumasango dzinoshandiswa havaratidzi. Zvicherwa Verkhoyansk gomo hurongwa - ndarama uye polymetallic ores. Verkhoyansk Ridge pamepu yeRussia kunosvika nokuda 1200? Km kubva Lena River kuna Tompo, Aldana inflows.

Special runako twakawandawanda makomo vemo. Russian Ridge akadana Verkhoyanskiy zvikuru zvakafanana pepa rehurukuro YOMUMAKOMO mamiriro enzvimbo. On the kusurukirwa chando misoro Verkhoyansk Range chitonge kweArctic akadzikama. Just pasi nechando achinaya mvura kunosiririsa gwenga kutsiviwa uswa wayo murombo. On mawere akure zvipfupi Siberian vanoondoroka, zvipfupi Birch, larch nemiti. Uyewo, pane inowanzorimwa usanganidzo.

Utsinye Southern kweSiberia: gomo nzvimbo

To kumabvazuva Mountains Ural, vezviuru zhinji makiromita, gomo riri Siberia - nyika hunoshamisa runako uye kutsvinda. Russia yemakomo kuti vari munzvimbo iyi, inozivikanwa munyika yose:

• Altai.
• Alatau.
• Sayan.
• Salair.
• VokuTuva makomo.
• Transbaikalia.
• Baikal.
• The muzongoza.
• Aldan Plateau.

Mountain yemakomo anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri dzeRussia, akadai Altai, akanaka kwazvo uye anotarisa sezvinoita mafungu Arch. Pakati Makomo Altai iri Teletskoye Lake. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, kune steppes, Mafuro, kufanana Alpine, madota neyemiorivhi. Altai yakakwirira ndiye Mount Belukha. kukwirira kwaro - anopfuura 4,5 makiromita.

Next kuti Altai makomo pedyo Alatau uye Sayan. Gomo siyana munzvimbo idzi akawedzera zvikuru, richisvika kusvika makiromita mazana matanhatu. The Mountains Sayan anotanga nzira huru Yenisei. Pakutanga, rwizi akanga rinomhanya uye capricious, asi pashure kuvakwa Hydroelectric zvinomera rokumukunda hasha dzake. Ava Hurongwa pegomo pedyo anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri Russia, vane mazita anozivikanwa kutanga: Tuvan makomo pamwe yakakwirira Mongun-Taiga, Sangi-Len, Tannu-Ola. Misoro Sayan Mountains vokuTuva-kufanana rising. Pedyo nomuganhu Mongolian duku mazitombo echando ari mujinga kupa nzira inowanzorimwa nzvimbo.

Vanoshingaira varindi yakadzika Lake Baikal makomo Baikal nharaunda, sezvinoita inokosha puranga rakapoteredzwa sendarama dziva. Zviya, ayo chitarisiko vanosungirwa gungwa mukuru tectonic basa aona pagomo rino siyana. Pamusoro anetseke dzenyika nechepasi munzvimbo iyi vanoti kakawanda kwenyika. Kana emadhaka haisi nguva vakazadza pasi pegungwa, zvinogona kusvika kudzama 6 km.

A zvishoma kumabvazuva ndivo neeSultan mugomo Russia pasi zita Baikal. chinhu yavo kunonyanyisa noupamhi gomo bhandi, izvo rinosvika zviuru makiromita yacho. The zvachose Kureba Trans-Baikal anenge 4 zviuru makiromita.

Muzongoza: zambuko pakati kumatunhu

Pedyo kumaodzanyemba Ranges Pacific chokuita kuFar East. A unobatanidza cheni yacho mabasa sezvo Russia anova nomuzongoza uye Aldan rwenze. The chikuru akatevedzana mukanyiwa rinova chinangwa uye matongo, pamwe mumipata, nemasango. Pyramids makomo dzinongoitika chinhu pakati Amour uye saha, uye vertex vasingamutswi pamusoro 2 km. On mawere uye canyons Stanovoi Range miti kunyanya coniferous. Mapere, mbudzi uye makava rinenge chete vagari vomunzvimbo idzi, asi mapoka maduku muArabhu: ari chukchi, Tungus uye Yakuts.

Far East: Nokuwanda kwakaita

Mountain neeSultan of East Far yakasiyana chaizvo uye nezvimwewo. Dzhugdzhur of muhomba riri pamhenderekedzo yeGungwa Okhotsk, vanokweverwa nomunharaunda yacho Amur uye Primorye uye Sakhalin, Kamchatka uye Kurils. Mumazana rokuyamura variegated chaizvo, kwedzimwe gulfs, mipata uye madhamu. On chakakomba Sakhalin Island iri East Sakhalin uye Mountains West Sakhalin. Uyezve, kubva Kamchatka kuJapan, asi Kuril muhomba atambanudza, pova chinoratidza chitsuwa chinhu chakakombama. On ari Kamchatka Peninsula anomira panze rinoputika Kluchevskoy.

Kluchevskoy: parera rimwe Kamchatka

Ichi kushingaira kuputika ndiyo yakakwirira Peninsula. vertex kukwirira anenge 5 km, kana kuti chaiwo, anopfuura 4800 mamita. Somugumisiro, rinoputika akaziva soro Eurasian. Kubvira mukupera kwezana remakore rechi17, izvozvo rakaputika 55 nguva, kunyange pasina kukonzera chakakomba kukuvara nemisha pedyo. Age Klyuchevskoy chikomo ane 70 emakore. Upenyu nemadota mujinga pechikomo Klyuchevskoy anogona kutarisa nokusingaperi, uyewo famba rizere ruva mafuro mujinga maro.

Vaya vakasarudza kukwira pamusoro pegomo, zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti kuputika magasi havabvumirwi kuva pamusoro payo kwemaminitsi anopfuura 10. Mupristi kukwira ndiyewo asiri nzira yakanakisisa kunokanganisa muviri womunhu. Asi nguva ino ichava zvakakwana kunakidzwa yakapoteredza runako regomo dzakakwirira. Chero zvazvingava pazvidhindo yokukunda Klyuchevskoy zvikomo kuchapedza kwoupenyu hwose.

ECaucasus pasi pangu ...

Russia guru pamakomo akatevedzana - kuCaucasus Greater - riri pakati peGungwa Dema uye kweGungwa reCaspian. Mountains eCaucasus vari mudiki, asi vari kusiyaniswa rusingaperi kukura. Mugore nenhongonya dzavo vava pedyo mudenga kuti masendimita mashomanana. ECaucasus Greater une haana kukwirira Black Mountains, kamari gomo neeSultan of Terek, Sunzha uye kuti murege kunyange kusvika mucherechedzo imwe kiromita. In rwezasi, munhu anogona kuona mukuru divi, uye mukuru kupatsanura Ranges. Kuzvikudza Caucasian makomo - pamusoro Elbrus - inongova munharaunda yacho lateral Range.

ECaucasus Center iri pasi zvikuru nemafashamo avalanches uye rockfalls. Asi Climate muchikamu chino pamakomo dzamutswa, subtropical, mune chinhu chakafanana kumaodzanyemba Europe. Nechokumabvazuva kuCaucasus afanane Central Asian shoma zororo. Ndosaka hurumende kukurukurwa mairi, ainzi Dagestan, ndiko "yemakomo nyika".

Asi yose Caucasus ari tsvarakadenga kuti kunyange Velikiy Aleksandr Sergeevich pavaimurumbidza muzvinyorwa ake.

A vachitova Elbrus

Achitaura kuCaucasus, hazvibviri tisingatauri panhongonya dzawo kuti Europe - Elbrus. Asi, nenhongonya mbiri, nokuti gomo rine twi maviri ane musiyano Kukwirira mamita anenge 20. By yezvakaita inotungamirwa Elbrus - chinhu yakatotsakatika kuputika. Anenge mamiriyoni apfuura, munguva yacho inotungamirwa, pamusoro Mujinga mugomo ari breakneck kumhanya yakatsvairwa akaturikidzana pamusoro nemadota, tsvina, mirwi yematombo. Zvose izvi ndiko kuti zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzera kureba dzemabota. Zvino dombo inotungamirwa ane honorary chinzvimbo chemhando the gomo munyika. Uyezve, munguva pfupi yapfuura akatapa ndandanda nomwe zvishamiso Russian. On kumaodzanyemba eGomo Elbrus vari vakapakata waya motokari uye nzvimbo dzakanaka mutsigiro vashanyi.

Legends pamusoro Urals

Achitaura pamusoro Russian neeSultan gomo, mumwe anogona kukanganwa pamusoro Mountains Ural. Ndicho kuzvikudza nyika, panoparadzana mutsetse pakati kumabvazuva nokumavirira. Mountains ndichisveerera kusvika 2000? Km refu kubva kuchamhembe kusvika kumaodzanyemba, kubva kweArctic Ocean kusvika Kazakh steppes. Pane yezvechitendero kuti mumakomo aya akabva rakasiyana budiriro vakachenjera Aryans, kundotsvaka kungoda boka remasayendisiti uye vashanyi kuenda Urals. Riripo kutenda mashura zvapambira zvikamu, izvo zvinogona kufarira kunyange ufologists, sezvo runyerekupe, ari Ural musango aona vatorwa. nzvimbo iyi inoshamisa iri mune National Park Taganay. Hazvizivikanwi kuti nyaya vechokwadi vagari vemo, asi kuti munharaunda pane kukundikana zvokushandisa uye zvakakodzera vanhu vanopinda zviratidzo vatorwa - imwe zvazvisingarambiki chokwadi.

Munguva Urals, kunyange une yayo Stonehenge. Vanoti nzvimbo iyi ine simba vimbiso simba zvikuru. It chinozadzwa kubvisa nepfungwa dzakaipa uye mwoyo.

Ural netemberi vekare uye dzemamongi nguva dzose kukwezva nevapfuuri kubva pasi pose.

Uyewo Mountains Ural - tourist mecca, uye chero mumwaka. Muzhizha - Rafting, mabhiza pakufamba, Vachifamba, uye chando - tsika Skiing pamusoro chando dzakatenuka. Uye mumakore achangopfuura, mushure kutanga Pasi muchadenga kuChelyabinsk meteorite wazova nzira kwayo kunzvimbo kuitika.

Kune zvinhu zvokuita zviri Urals uye Speleology: mumapako zvivako kutsanangura kwakakomba munda basa.

Russia neeSultan vari siyana chaizvo, uye dzinoumba guru dzinongoitika fuma iyi akasiyana uye zvakawanda nyika. Vazhinji vagere Russia mupenyu mumapani, asi makomo munogara zvinokwezva vanhu wayo dzomusango pristine runako.