The nzvimbo vachiongorora "Voyager" kana kuti rwendo kuenda yomuchadenga nzvimbo

The nzvimbo vachiongorora "Voyager 2" kwakatangwa August 20, 1977. Kwapera vhiki nhatu, zvakanga kwakatangwa nemunun'una wake pamwe nhamba 1. Uye kuti akanga rombo kuva wekutanga munyika chitundumusere-musere, rinogona kukunda miganhu zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri. Chokwadi, akasiyana-siyana materesikopu uye mashoko kubudiswa chiteshi unokubvumira kuona zvose zviri kuitika kure kwazvo kubva Earth. Asi ikozvino masayendisiti vane mukana kuunganidza zvakawanda ruzivo.

mhanya pfungwa "Voyager"

Mukupera 60-ies. remakore yokupedzisira, Soviet Union neUnited States vari kushingaira kukwikwidzana mumwe tichitaura voos kumwedzi uye kupinda nyika kuti muchadenga. Gare gare, pazvakava pachena kuti munhu kuitawo munhangemutange kukura wezvose zvakasikwa nengozi, masayendisiti vakatamira kune pave mano, mafambisirwo autopilot.

Somuenzaniso, nzvimbo zvikepe pamwe vanhu mukati havagoni kuwana pedyo Venus, uye zvakatonyanya kudaro - kunyika pamusoro pemvura. Pane zvakawanda nemwaranzi uye yakakwirira tembiricha. Asi mashoko ari pano achakwanisa kuungana munhu robhoti wayo chaiyo basa. Saka pfungwa kuti kushanda "Pioneers", uye shure kwavo uye "Voyager".

Vavariro vaongorori ndiye - kuunganidza mashoko ari imwe muviri nzvimbo, kana kuva asteroid kana gasi hofori. Ndizvo nzvimbo vachiongorora "Voyager" kwaiva kudzidza mapuraneti kure Earth. Concrete pfungwa nei izvi zvose zvakafanira vanhu, kwete. Asi kunenge kuti mano vachawana kubatsira zvinhu zvinogona agoiswa paNyika ndisa. Kazhinji, ari "Voyager" chakagadzirirwa kuongorora kure pfungwa zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri.

Basa Space Explorers yepakutanga

The Voyager nzvimbo vachiongorora-1, sezvo, zvirokwazvo, uye Voyager-2, aiva chirongwa nokururamisira zvinodhura. Ndokusaka nzira yokutanga kure isingadhuri "Pioneers". Vakaratidza kuti ari asteroid bhandi kuikurira ingangodaro, uye pasina kukuvadza. Mukuwedzera, takazoziva kuti Jupiter haasi simba zvokutadza rinobva kukwezvana uye ngarava runogona naye.

Rokutanga "Pioneer" haisisina asvika Saturn panguva raparurwa iri "Voyager". Vakanga huru zvinangwa zviviri:

1. Ongorora zvose zvinoitika mushure asteroid bhandi sezvinobvira kuenda mberi muchadenga.
2. Shoko kuna vamwe dzomunyika kana vanosangana munzira.

Inofanira vainyatsotarisirwa yechipiri basa. Kuti dzika muna digital format pa mano vane mashoko pamusoro Earth, nhoroondo yevanhu yakanyorwa kwaziso mumitauro yakawanda. Panewo mifananidzo iri Disc chendarama pamberi dzimwe dzomunyika vakauya kubudirira chaiko Nyika nesayenzi, kwete chinyakare zviratidzo. Asi ndiani anoziva vangadai vakagamuchira shoko.

Uripi muganhu zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri?

Kutaura zvazviri yayo huru zvinangwa nzvimbo vachiongorora "Voyager" wasimbisa makore anopfuura 20 adarika. Zvino Voyager-2 akapfuura Neptune uye vatorwa kwaari 40 zviuru. Km. Asi, oddly zvakakwana, zvikepe zviviri akapfuurawo, nguva imwe neimwe ndichikutumirai Earth vakawanda mashoko. Zvakava pachena kuti nhare tichikufunga kukunda dzaro, asi hapana aiziva chaizvo kana zvichaitika. Izvi zvange pamwe, uye kuti, chaizvoizvo, hapana musayendisiti vaisagona zvakarurama kusarudza muganhu wayo.

Vamwe vakati "Voyager 1" akasiya zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri mumwe makore 300, kana zvakatowanda. Kunogona kuva kuti nzvimbo marara, huruva uye nemwaranzi vadzime chikwata kuva upfu. Chokwadi ndechokuti pakutanga, pashure dambudziko Neptune, zvikepe akatanga kuderera. Asi gare gare Zvakazoitika kuti nguva ino, kusvikira kure kubva Sun havagoni kubereka simba nguva dzose uye ari kudiwa. Zvokuti Yatanga Kuongorora mberi gwara.

Kakawanda vezvenhau yakashuma kuti "Voyager" akayambuka dzaro, asi masayendisiti akaramba mashoko. Yakanga chete muna 2012, muchina anotumira kuna Earth vasingachadi kugamuchira Mwaranzi yezuva kuti simba, asi vava ne Galactic. Izvi kwaiva hwokuti Yatanga Kuongorora kana pedyo yomuchadenga nzvimbo, kana zviri mariri.

Saka, kwete chete vakakwanisa kutumira "Vafambi" mhiri zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri - zvino munoziva chaiyo apo muganhu yomuchadenga nzvimbo.

Current mashoko pamusoro chitundumusere-musere

Kana iwe kuomerera nemitemo wefizikisi, hazvingaiti kuti muchadenga vachiongorora "Voyager 1" akasiya renzou. Chokwadi chokuti nenyika yaro, maererano nemashoko nesayenzi, kupedza kana rinopera ari rinokweva munda kwenyeredzi. Saizvozvowo, kukura hurongwa - uye 125,000. e. Kana ari Yatanga Kuongorora, vakasiya chete 129 a. e. Zvisinei, kana pane chiedza chezuva kubatwa mano Galactic yepasi pose, rinotaura pamusoro pakuguma nefuma zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri.

Maererano ano data, masayendisiti anogona kudzora ngarava hurongwa "Voyager". Uye ichi kuchapfuurira kusvikira anenge 2025-2030 makore. Ipapo vachiongorora zviri kufamba kubva nyika saka kure kuti kuonana navo rinongova terminates. Saizvozvowo, wokupedzisira basa, vachakwanisa kuita, ari mashoko nedzimwe dzomunyika vanhu, data, Coordonatele Nyika uye kukura pamwero.

Apo "Voyager 1" zvino?

Nhasi, vaongorori vakaoneka pamusoro rekodhi daro kubva Earth, hapana mumwe mudziyo haana kusvika chete kure. The nzvimbo vachiongorora "Voyager 1" iri mabhiriyoni 19 chete kubva pasi. Kuti tiwane mashoko matsva, masayendisiti kumirira maawa 17-18. Ndizvo sei nguva yakawanda Zvinoda kugamuchira chiratidzo kubva chikwata. Saizvozvowo, neizvi kufamba mhinduro zvichafanana pakunaka sezvo mukuru.

Hazvibviri kuti zita zvose zviitiko pamwe Yatanga Kuongorora mune Zvinhu izvi zvesayenzi, sezvo vakakwanisa kupfuura "ndozvakajairwa". Vakaita chii masayendisiti haana kunyange kuverengwa. Ndokusaka basa nesayenzi kwakadaro kunokosha kwete chete nokuda NASA vashandi - ikava ruwa vanhu vose.

mhedziso

The chikuru chinoratidza zvose "Voyager" ndechokuti vanoshanda anopfuura kutarisirwa. Uye nhasi hakuna munhu anogona kunyatsotaura kuti achazvikudza mangwana. Zvinogoneka kuti zvizvarwa vachakwanisa kuwana mashoko pamusoro Sirius. Asi haugoni kuramba mukana kuti michina anongoti zastynut nenzira kwayo, sezvo vasisiri kugamuchira simba.

Muchidimbu, nzvimbo vachiongorora zvakavanzika "Voyager" rinogona kugadziriswa bedzi zvizvarwa vanhu ano. Uye ndiani anoziva, zvimwe ivo kupa izvi budiriro kukura zvakasikwa sokuti chinyakare. Asi zvinokwanisika kuti "Voyager" kuchaita kuzarura itsva chakavanzika.