Bangladesh: kwevanhu arambe achirema uye dzinza sezvamunoita

National Zvinoumba ehurumende, riri pakati gumi pakukura munyika tichitarisa hwevanhu kukura uye arambe achirema, asi anopindura ndima diki, siyana. Chii kunakidza: pasinei nokuti vakawanda vakanga vagere Zimbabwe runodiwa, hurumende rose hunomiririrwa seti zviduku wedzinza dzavanhu uye inofarirwa nhamba yacho vakatora ndima uye arambe achirema nhamba yevanhu vari Bangladesh. The arambe achirema kuti vanogara, vanogara, nyika nzvimbo - izvi nezvimwewo kukanganisa wevanotungamirira mamiriro ezvinhu dzinokurukurwa chino uye vakaongorora kufungisisa mamiriro ezvinhu dzimwe nyika.

Zvishoma pamusoro Bangladesh

Republic of Bangladesh - a unitary Hurumende: zvikamu zvose munyika zviri kuitawo uye hatina chinzvimbo chinokosha kana kodzero. A nyika duku takapoteredzwa India, pamwe kunze chikamu muganhu pamwe Myanmar urefu 271? Km uye Muganhu Bay pakati Bengal.

To musi, Bangladesh ndiyo imwe nyika agrarian-maindasitiri pamwe nekukura upfumi, vaine dzidzo chinokosha mumarudzi ose netsika, asi anoramba mumwe varombo nyika Asia. Nguva nenguva, vanhu kurwara dzinongoitika dzoga uye zvinetso zvenzanga: nzizi kuti aparadze munda, mazhinji kwemvura kana nemagandanga mabasa.

Chinosiyanisa mupfumi tsika mamiriro Bangladesh. Population arambe achirema, nenzira, muchiitiko ichi, ndeimwe okukura zvinhu zviri nhaka netsika, chitendero netsika mudunhu yepakutanga. dzinza sezvamunoita kwakadaro siyana uye vanhu vezvitendero vari kumanikidzwa kurarama munzvimbo duku, inoshamisa merges mugomba chete chikwata yakasiyana.

Bangladesh ndima

Muganhu mamiriro anenge 150 zviuru mativi makiromita. It anopindura chiduku kuenderana mvura pamusoro nzvimbo - 6.4 chete km ² mune dzakawanda miganhu. On muganhu Bangladesh inoremekedzwa 92 nzvimbo fung munyika uye nderechi 27 muAsia. Ichienzaniswa maguta Russia: ndima ehurumende unoenderana munzvimbo maguta akadai Belgorod, Tver uye Murmansk, uye hafu kana Tolyatti Penza.

Panguva iyoyowo, vagari haabvumiri kunzwa zvizere vakasununguka vagari Republic of Bangladesh. The arambe achirema zvokuwedzera maguta Russian, akafanana kukura, ukuwo, muna 20, 76 kana kuti kunyange 230. nguva shoma. Chokwadi, ichi hazvishamisi, nokuti Asian nyika ndiyo arambe achirema vagari por mativi kiromita munyika rechinomwe.

Kuwanda vagere zvokuvhoterwa

Maererano Verenga chavagari wenyika, nhamba yevanhu vari Bangladesh muna 2010 raiva vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni 140 zvishoma. Maererano nokuongorora kwakaita 2016, kuwedzera vanhu mamiriyoni 30. Aya Proportional kune wepagore dzinongoitika yevagari kukura, asi yakakwirira zvishoma pane vanogara fungidziro.

Kuwanda vanhu Bangladesh zvinoshamisa. The Republic haasi akafanana pakukura kusvika Russian Federation, asi maererano nokuwanda vagari Russia kwazvo vanhu mamiriyoni 25. Saka, sezvo muBangladesh uye vanogara kuRussia 2% vemo nyika.

Kuparadzirwa Population ne kumatunhu

Bangladesh chinhu unitary mamiriro (kumatunhu ose vari kuitawo hama kune mumwe, uye guta guru uye vasina chete kodzero), uye rakakamurwa sere administrative kumatunhu - mapoka. nharaunda Mumwe anonzi muguta guru marongerwo.

Area, akavapindurawo, rakakamurwa maruwa, Sub-maruwa uye madhipatimendi mapurisa. Uyezve, weboka kunoenderana kukura kugarwa; vashoma kwokurangana inozviisa zvikuru maguta mapurisa dhipatimendi, chimwe nechimwe chine inoperera munzvimbo duku - akawanda communes.

Vazhinji vanhu Bangladesh Anoshanda mune zvokurima (63%). Saka, vanhu vanogara mumaguta makuru (muzinda yemunharaunda aro), vashomanana - 27 chete% of uwandu vagari. In guta guru 7% yevanhu iri dzichiitika. MuRussia, nhamba vaigara guru kune uwandu vagari zvishoma hombe: 8.4%, asi navagere mumaguta makuru anopfuura 40%.

Enzanisa Russia uye Bangladesh pamusoro yevagari arambe achirema yembiru zvinopa zvinotevera mashoko: vanhu vanenge 5000 paavhareji 1 km ² muMoscow pamusoro zvishoma kupfuura zviuru 23 vagere Dhaka. Musiyano uri kusvika kashanu haisi kwakaenzana zvachose mufananidzo nyika, nokuti zvachose nevanhu arambe achirema muRussia kusvika 134 nguva duku pane runoenzanirana tsika yacho Asian inoti.

wevanotungamirira kuchinja

Population emuchina chavagari Bangladesh ine zvakanaka muitiro. Kuwanda vagari iri kuramba kuchiita, izvo kwese pakuumba nyika dzakawanda. Saka, kunyange pakutanga remakore rechi20 akararama vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 30, pakutanga kweHondo Yenyika II, uwandu hwevanhu vakapfuura mamiriyoni 40 munyika, uye muna 1960, mukuru Verenga vagari mamiriyoni 50 vakanyorwa.

Kubva pamazuva kweHondo Yemashoko rave unopinza kuwedzera kwevanhu pamusoro okupedzisira mana remakore rechimakumi maviri, vagari yakawedzera zvishoma kupfuura kaviri. Panguva iyoyowo chaiwo zvibereko chavagari reRepublic pachigaro 73-fung nzvimbo iri hombe pasi.

The avhareji vanogara arambe achirema muBangladesh

The arambe achirema chavagari Bangladesh muna 2016 vanhu 1165 paavhareji mativi kiromita. The chakarurama rinowanikwa sezvinotevera: yose vakawanda inokamukana munharaunda ehurumende. Sezvambotaurwa, nyika pokutanga rechinomwe munyika tichitarisa hwevanhu arambe achirema. Mberi Bangladesh Maldives, Marita, Bahrain, iyo Vatican, Singapore uye Monaco

Nokuda kwechimwewo chikonzero, mibvunzo pamusoro Bangladesh nevanhu arambe achirema (tichienzanisa nedzimwe nyika) dzinowanzoratidzwa kuwanikwa kuchikoro mabhuku jogirafi Russian rechisere-graders:

1. "Aripiko-soro arambe achirema zvokuwedzera: muUK, China, Bangladesh," The mhinduro inogona kuwanikwa kureva Directories. Nokudaro, arambe achirema pakati chavagari UK vanhu 380 chete pa mativi kiromita, uye China - 143. Mhinduro: Bangladesh.
2. "Enzanisa Russia uye Bangladesh kuti kwevanhu arambe achirema." Unogona kupindura seizvi: "The arambe achirema chavagari Russia yakaderera chaizvo uye yaiva anenge 8 vanhu / km ^{2 ..} The arambe achirema chavagari Bangladesh ndomumwe kumusoro munyika -... 1145 vanhu / km ^2, kureva zvimwe 143 nguva. The pasi arambe achirema chavagari wokuRussia Federation akatsanangura rakakura unpopulated dzoga, soro muBangladesh (population arambe achirema) ndizvo pakuumba nyika dzakawanda. "

Key nhamba

Zvimwe zviratidzo zviri wevanotungamirira kuparadzirwa vemo vane zera, bonde, pamwero kuverenga, kuberekwa uye rufu, asi chinokosha munzanga zvakawanda: mudyandigere uye wevanotungamirira mutoro yokutsiva zvazvingava, upenyu span.

Pari, ruzhinji chavagari (61%) - vanhu yokushanda zera, nhamba varume vakadzi vanenge 1: 1 reshiyo (azvaitwa 50,6% uye 49.4%). Hunotarisira aroorane upenyu makore 69, inova 2 chete makore asingasviki yose.

Kuberekwa mwero Bangladesh kukasapfuura hunofa, rwokuzvarwa kuwedzera akanaka uye ari 16 ‰ (kana 1,6%). Pasinei evanhu, ezvoupfumi, uye zvokudya matambudziko, wevanotungamirira kuchengeteka (chibatiso nhamba uye Kuronga vemo kubva kwokunze uye dzimwe kutyisidzira) muBangladesh anodzokororwa panguva yakakwana pamwero.

Social mutoro magariro

Bangladesh anonzwa zvikuru dzinorema munzanga mutoro magariro: wose basa munhu anofanira nechokwadi kugadzirwa nguva imwe nehafu zvakawanda zvinhu uye mabasa pane zvinodiwa pachake. The mutoro mwana t. E. Ratio pamusoro akaderera vagari zera achishanda kuti vagari vakuru, ndiyo 56%. The coefficient kuti mudyandigere mutoro (nhamba vagari mudyandigere zera iri vechibharo) rinoenderana dzichiri kusimukira uye pachiyero 7.6%.

National sezvamunoita uye mitauro

The arambe achirema zvokuwedzera muBangladesh 1 km2 rakanyatsojeka yakakwirira (1145 vanhu), izvo zvinoita kuti kuvhiringidzika uye zvakasimba kusakarongeka netsika, zvitendero, uye madzinza uye tsika masangano. Ruzhinji tiri Bengalis (98%), iyo chikamu asara vemo vari vatama vachibva North India.

Anenge zvose Vagari vari achinyatsogona Bengali, unova mutauro unonyanya. Vatama kubva Indian mamiriro Chennai muupenyu hwezuva nezuva kushandisa mutauro Urdu. Part chavagari (kunyanya vechidiki uye vagari vari vakuru vakuru) achinyatsogona Chirungu.

Boka duku madzinza vanogara munharaunda Bangladesh, rinosanganisira 13 madzinza makuru uye vashoma kwemadzinza marudzi. Patsanura kwavari mitauro chavanopinda:

1. The Indo-European mutauro mhuri: naye vari Bengalis uye Biharis avo vanoumba vakawanda vari National chikamu Bangladesh.
2. Sino-Tibetan mutauro mhuri: zvakanaka kumiririrwa dzinza Tibeto-Burman mutauro mhuri (Garo madzinza, Marma, Burmese, Mizo, Chakma nevamwe). In zvachose, ivo pamusana vanhu muBangladesh vanoda kusvika miriyoni imwe, kuti zviri akawedzera 300,000 vapoteri vaibva munyika dzakavakidzana Myanmar (Burmese).
3. RweAustro-asiatic mutauro mhuri: akasiyana mapoka mutauro Munganasa masvingo (Santal, Munganasa masvingo, Ho) uye Khasis. Madzinza kurarama mumapoka maduku kumadokero Bangladesh.
4. Dravidian mutauro mhuri: kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva boka mutauro mhuri hunomiririrwa dzinza rimwe chete - mutauro Oraon kana Kurukh (kuzviremekedza). Maererano Amenities Kurukh mutauro zvinhu pedyo Munganasa masvingo vanhu.

Nokudaro, madzinza uye tsika kusiyana reRepublic yakasiyana. In Omani Nzanga iri haana kurasa yayo seboka hunhu.

Rezvitendero chavagari reRepublic

Kusiyana vemarudzi ndiyo hwaro kusiyana chitendero vagari. Republic ari kukura akananga rokunyika mamiriro (kanenge, hurumende iri kuita izvi nesimba), asi Bangladesh anoramba ari of facto rechitendero nyika. Muna 1972 paumbwe rechitendero mamiriro yakamiswa ne Supreme Court, iyo akadzokera kukura zvokuvhoterwa kupinda choruzhinji reMitemo.

chitendero State - Islam - akanyatsopupura anenge mapfumbamwe muzana yevagari. The Islamic nenzanga Bangladesh ine vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 130, zvichiita kuti munyika chechina pakukura pashure Indonesia, India uye Pakistan.

Vatsigiri Hindu vari 9.2% yevanhu, muBuddha - 0,7%, Christian - 0.3%. Zvimwe zvitendero uye dzemadzinza ezvitendero pamusana 0.1 chete%, asi anogona pamusoro kumboitika heterogeneity nokuda vakawanda vemadzinza zvakasiyana.

zimbabwe matambudziko

Bangladesh chirwere dzinongoitika dzoga uye ugandanga. Mumakore 2005-2013 kurwiswa nemagandanga kwakauraya upenyu 418 vagari reRepublic, nemagandanga uye muchivande navatariri basa. Asi zvikuru sadder zviri kuitika urombo, nenzara, kusanaya kwemvura, mafashamo uye dzimwe dzinongoitika dzoga. Saka, nedutu iri vakasuwa 1970 akakonzera rufu vanhu hafu yemiriyoni, 1974-1975 nzara uye mafashamo aiparadza pakati 1974 chakauraya vanhu mamiriyoni maviri vakasiiwa vasina misha, mamiriyoni evanhu uye vakaparadza 80% kukohwa gore negore.

Enzanisa Bangladesh pamwe dzakabudirira

Bangladesh ndiyo randinenge kusimukira. Izvi zvinosimbisa kwete chete nhoroondo kare asiwo chipo socio-wevanotungamirira uye zvoupfumi mamiriro ezvinhu munyika.

Saka, Bangladesh ari kusimukira zvemo. Uyezve, ndiyo nyika varombo pakati overpopulated. The arambe achirema chavagari Bangladesh ndomumwe kumusoro munyika, uye nhamba iri kupfuura Russia. Nharaunda neHurumende iyi asingadi kuenda chero kuenzanisa.