Tiri kutsvaka cognates

mudzi Same ndiwo mashoko akafanana zvakunoreva uye vane zvakafanana chikamu. Hazvina kuoma zvokufungidzira kuti ichi chakajairika chikamu anofanira mudzi (kana mumwe midzi, kana shoko yakaoma). Naizvozvo, pakutanga kwezvose unofanira kunzwisisa kuti chii chiri mudzi. Rule mutauro Russian kuti Grade 1 inotaura kuti mudzi anonzi nevakawanda chikamu chokuita nemashoko, zvakapoteredza kukosha kwavo huru.

Kufanana muti, shoko "zvinokura" kubva mudzi.

Kugona kusarudza mashoko anoenderana (ndivo chete - zvakafanana mudzi) kunotipa kunyora zvakarurama. Izvi zvinoshandawo orfogrammy zvakadai unstressed nzvanyira ari mudzi (semuenzaniso, shoko "rwizi" unstressed "e" achaongorora cognate shoko "rwizi" umo "f" iri kunetseka).

Vana kazhinji kuvhiringidzwa ukama ne zvakasiyana siyana chete neshoko. Somuenzaniso, shoko "mbeva" - "mbeva" - cognate ishoko, uye "mbeva" - imwe nzira chete. Shoko Forms siyana pamwe nokuguma, uye chokuita mashoko yakaumbwa tichibatsirwa prefixes uye suffixes. Nokunyaradza anogona kushandura zvinoreva shoko, kunyange zvakasiyana. Nokuti Somuenzaniso, antonyms kusvika uye kuenda vari panguva imwe chete stemmings.

Chimwe kukanganisa chakajairika chete-mudzi mashoko - kutora pamusoro ukama mashoko, vaya vane midzi chiperengo uye inzwi, asi kwete kupfuura. Midzi izvi zvinonzi homonymous. Somuenzaniso, mashoko okuti "kutakura", "tireyi", "womukova" - mudzi -nos- mu "mhuno" shoko "sock", "zambuko" - Uyewo -nos-, asi hapana zvokuita tsika dzavo. Homonymous neshoko midzi havasi mudzi chete. The neizvi zvingafananidzwa kuchengetwa nemashoko chaizvo zvakafanana zvinoreva, asi havana chimwe mudzi. Somuenzaniso: imbwa - mbwanana, bhiza - pomwana, etc. mutauro Russian mupfumi kwete chete, asiwo nezvimwewo chaizvo!

Cognates anogona kuva chikamu kutaura, uye siyana (run, mumhanyi, mumhanyi - emazita, Mhanya, kumhanya - verbs; achimhanya, anokurumidza - adjectives; kumhanya - Komuniyoni).

An dzinonakidza pfungwa iri risinganyatsozivikanwi kuti rakabva papi kuti humwewo ruzha ukama mashoko ari midzi, uye sezvo mavhawero (mambakwedza - Zori Hang - vaisungirira) uye consonants (rimwe-pamwe shamwari, akaomeswa - yakaoma). Variants, kana emakonzonendi vari alternated pamwe mubatanidzwa consonants (kudzinga - motokari uchibata - Fishing) uye mavhawero - "razero inzwi", anonzi akanga atiza nzvanyira (baba - baba, hope - hope).

Cognate shoko rinogona kuva mbiri kana kupfuura midzi. Mashoko akadaro dzinonzi dzakaoma. Mumwe midzi iyi yakabatana, uye vamwe rive hwaro paumbwe itsva kukosha shoko. Somuenzaniso: mutema - evergreen, pasi - murimi, magetsi - Hydroelectric simba.

All ukama Mashoko, akarayira pamusoro nomukaka zvavo, pamwe chete kuumba derivational dendere. Mujinga panosangana - vertex (original shoko) iri, izvo Dérivés stemmings kuumbwa. Mienzaniso: nziyo - muimbi kuimba - intonate - vakaimba; vakwegura - zera - isashanda - yechinyakare. Derivational nezvigadziko zvinogona slaborazvernutym (nomukaka maviri) uye silnorazvernutym (pamusoro uye pamusoro matatu nomukaka). Muenzaniso silnorazvernutogo jacks zvinogona mudzi shoko shoko "musha": imba, neimba duku, domische, imba, yakanga yakabatana, musha, kuchengetedza, gororo, musha anotsanangura, pokugara, Mubhedha mbatatisi, mhuri, muridzi weimba, musha dzezvoupfumi, domostroj, pekugara kuvaka, nherera, imwe madhouse.

Zvino kuti munoziva kuti mudzi shoko!