Tivadar Csontváry Kostka, kupenda "Old Wehove": mapikicha, mifananidzo chakavanzika

Unknown muupenyu hwake painter Tivadar Csontváry Kostka zana pashure pokufa Reururai kuonga yakakurumbira firimu "Old Wehove". The tenzi pachake aiva nechivimbo Mesiya basa, kunyange zvazvo vakararama akaritumidza schizophrenia. Zvino Mifananidzo ake kuwana zvakavanzika zviratidzo uye yakafukidzwa nemadimikira. Ko ivo nayo? Rimwe basa rakadaro, pasi nzwisisika pachisara - kupenda "Old Wehove".

harimboonekwi Artist

Muna 1853, remangwana yokudhirowa akazvarwa wokuHungary musha Kishseben. Tivadar njodzi shanu hama dzake dzakanga zvakafanorongwa kubva pauduku. Vari kugadzirira mukana kuramba basa nababa vake. Mubereki raiva mishonga uye aiva okurapa. Asi tisati kusvika pharmacology, jaya vakakwanisa kupedza chikoro chesekondari, basa zvokutengeserana vakuru, kuti vadzidze kubva rorusununguko Mutemo. Shure kwaizvozvo zvose, akatendeukira bhizimisi mhuri. Wakati asvika chemishonga, Tivadar akashanda pano kwemakore gumi nemana.

Kamwe, kana akanga 28, mune zvisingatomboiti kushanda zuva, iye akabata mushonga chimiro uye penzura uye sketched Zano: ngoro unopfuura mu iyoyo nokuda hwindo, pamwe mahanisi kwake nyati. Vasati kuti, akaratidza havatombodi kuti kupenda, asi gare gare akanyora autobiography yake, kuti pazuva iroro aiva chiratidzo, akaporofita njodzi rokupenda kukuru.

Patsime 1881 Tivadar Kostka akazarura chemishonga yake nechekuchamhembe Hungary, uye akaponesa mari inokwana kuenda Italy. Kufanana zvose vaduku vemifananidzo, aida kuona ounyanzvi dzekare. Akanyanya nokukwezvwa Raphael. Ndinofanira kutaura kuti gare gare ndiye chifananidzo akanga mwoyo, kwete kuwanikwa zviriko mifananidzo yake yakafanira liveliness uye nomwoyo wose. Roma Kostka akatuma Paris, uye ipapo - kumusha.

Kunyatsofunga kupenda Csontváry (a rekunyepedzera muna 1900 akatora kuna the artist) Ndakatanga nepakati 1890s. Iye anosiya hama dzake chezvinodhaka uye anouya Munich kudzidza kupenda. Vazhinji mabhuku Kostka akadana self kudzidziswa, uye Zvichakadaro akadzidza pa unyanzvi chikoro chake nerakakurumbira compatriot, zvikuru kubudirira mune uri - Simon Hollósy. Mudzidzisi wacho muduku pane mudzidzi wake anenge gumi apfuura.

In Munich Csontváry unoitisa Portraits akawanda. Print kusuruvara pamusoro zviso mienzaniso anoisa akavasarudza panyaya unofara zvikuru vamwe basa rake. Full-pamwero Portraits akanyora chete munguva kudzidza uye gare gare vakarasikirwa kufarira mairi. Abva Munich, yokudhirowa akaenda Karlsruhe, apo akaramba kutora zvidzidzo, zvino Kallmorgena. nhoroondo dzeupenyu Artists 'vanoti akagara nounyoro panguva, muchizvitengera kuti zvakanaka pamatende ose zveBelgium kugadzirwa.

mumakore achangodarika

Studies haana kuuya kugutsikana Csontváry. Aifunga kunzwisisa mitemo kupenda chete kuti varambane. Muna 1895 iye zvakare akaenda Italy ushande yezvakaita nzvimbo Genre ari kufarira. The Artist akashanyira Italy kwete chete, asiwo France, Greece, kuMiddle East uye Rebhanoni.

Mumakore 1907-1910 achisimudzira Solo kuratidzira akawanda muParis, Budapest uye kumba. Kunyanya nomukurumbira havaiti kumuisa, kunyange zvazvo vamwe vatsoropodzi akaratidza kwazvo taizova. MuHungary zvachose pamusoro yokudhirowa anonzi kupenga. Hapana chakavanzika kuti aitambura tichibatwa schizophrenia, asi zvakadaro vaitarisira kuziva vomunyika yake.

Pakazosvika 1910, chirwere akatanga kufambira mberi. Kurwisa vakanga vava nesimba, basa wakapiwa nokutamburira. Csontváry pamusoro anenge asina kunyora, zvichiita yokunyora nokudhirowa diki chete. basa chero akanga asina kuiswa pakuguma Zvisinei, uye aedza. Ndava nemakore makumi matanhatu, yokudhirowa akafa muBudapest, apo akavigwa.

rokusika nhaka

Mifananidzo anopfuura zana nemakumi mashanu uye vanodhirowa akasiya Tivadar Csontváry Kostka. Painting "Old Wehove", zvakanyorwa muna 1902, zvichida kupfuura yakakurumbira vose, "chiratidzo." Vazhinji mabasa zvakasikwa zviri pfupi pakati 1903 uye 1909. Yaiva zvinhu maruva womufananidzo, nokupenya shasha. By Style avo vari akafanana Expressionism. basa rake riri zvakare ndiye chete zvinhu okufananidzira, post-impressionism uye kunyange surrealism.

posthumous pamutemo

Pakafa Csontváry basa rake akapukunyuka sekamwana chishamiso. Sister akakumbira evaluators kuti tione sei zvakawanda unogona kuwana imwe mufananidzo. Ivo akamuvimbisa kuti unyanzvi kukosha kwavo razero. Mukadzi akabva vaifunga kuti kana mifananidzo yakaipa, zvino kanivhasi, ipapo dzinenge munhu kupinda batsira. Uye anoisa navo hombe kutengeswa. Ose basa akatora mapurani Gideon Gerlotsi, outbid starovschika. Gare gare anamira padandemutande iri Budapest School of Arts Akanaka, uye muna 1949 yakaratidza navo muBelgium uye France.

Asati afa, murongedzeri akapa muunganidzwa wake Zoltán Fülöp, remangwana mukuru Csontváry Museum. It akatogadzwa hwakabudirira. Asi ndingadai ndakagara emhizha anozivikanwa chete rakamanikana yakaurungana mafeni kumba, kana kusvika zana remakore pashure porufu rwake, mumwe vashandi ari miziyamu havana kuwana chakavanzika achiri anochengeta mufananidzo "Old Wehove". Kubvira ipapo, zita Csontváry, kana upenyu hazvirevi kutengesa chimwe kupenda, chakazozivikanwa rose.

"Old Wehove": rondedzero mufananidzo

Zvinenge zvose nzvimbo jira anotora mufananidzo munhu akwegura. Dutu ruffled bvudzi rake uye yechipiri-ruoko hembe tsaru. At Wehove - black bhurauzi, beret uye pfumbu nejasi. Akasendamira tsvimbo yake uye rakanga rakatarira panguva Fafitera. chiso chake ane ine ganda, zvinonzi akafukidzwa gobvu richikurukura wrinkles. Necheseri, yokudhirowa akaronga bay. Waves kutyora pamahombekombe muduku dzimba pamahombekombe nenyere pane dzoutsi. On pajengachenga - makomo, kana pane, silhouettes dzavo, zvakavanzika samafuta bvungapfunga. Kana toreva mufananidzo wehove nzvimbo yechipiri, uye kuridza basa kumashure.

Painting "Old Wehove" Csontváry kugadziriswa nechibereko range, hunodzorwa muted zvinyoronyoro mavara: zvitema-ndachena vhudzi, jecha, noruvara mashava.

Chakavanzika mufananidzo "Old Wehove"

Chii zvakawanikwa mushandi ari miziyamu? Kuzarura chivande; akawana kuti kana iwe pedyo hafu kanivhasi uye navamwe symmetrically kuratidza, tora zvachose rakapera mumifananidzo. Uye zvinoshanda dzose dziri mbiri: nekodzero uye rworuboshwe chikamu mufananidzo. Heunoi chakavanzika kwerinenge zana nemakore kuchengeta mufananidzo "Old Wehove". Photo akatasva hafu zvino nyore paIndaneti. A kuratidzwa kurudyi hafu - handsome mutana, ubelonny vhudzi, pamusoro colour yegungwa pamusoro. Kana iwe kuratidza kuruboshwe divi, tinoona murume twi ngowani pamwe slanting maziso nemafungu nemafungu shure nayo.

kuturikira

Painting "Old Wehove" kwakaratidza kutanga kutsvaka usingaonekwi nemadimikira mu mabasa Csontváry. Unowedzera parafini mumoto uye kuti munguva upenyu womufananidzo zvinowanzooneka vakapfuura Achiratidza rouprofita. kupenda Izvi kududzira sechiratidzo pakati duality evanhu: mumwe murume uye kukwira chiedza nerima sezvikamu, zvakanaka uye zvakaipa. Dzimwe nguva Anonziwo "Mwari uye Dhiyabhorosi," izvo kamwe zvakare unoratidza hunyambiri kwayo.

Zvechokwadi, kubudirira nyaya Kostka Tivadar Csontváry - (? Kana mugumo-achioneka zvikuru kwaari zviratidzo, uyo unoziva) muenzaniso tambo zvinongoitika zvoga vanofara. Painting "Old Wehove" - kuti shasha noupengo - Zvinoshamisa akava kiyi wake nyika mbiri. Zvinosuruvarisa, kuzivikanwa haauyi kwaari mumazuva ake. Asi nhasi Csontváry anonzi imwe yakanakisisa uye kupfuura yepakutanga Artists pakati Hungary.