Tower Bridge muLondon: tsananguro, nhoroondo, maitiro uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Bridge Tower Bridge mumwe bhizimisi nemakadhi London uye UK yose iri ndima chete Buckingham Palace uye vhiri "London Eye" Ferris. Age mamiriro yakapfuura kwemakore zana. Zvisinei, bhiriji achiri akanaka, upenyu uye dzinonakidza kuruzhinji, uyewo chakanakisisa basa rayo yepakutanga ushande.

Location zambuko

Tower Bridge muLondon (Tower Bridge mu Chirungu) rinowanzoshandiswa kuvhiringidzwa London, riri zvishoma pamusoro murukova. Externally, zvivako izvi zviviri vari zvachose kwete zvakafanana, asi nokuda nzvimbo dzavo kuvhiringika. Kutaura zvazviri, panguva kutaurwa rokutanga zambuko vakasvimha wokufungisisa zita rake, uye zvose zvinova pachena. Tower nayo inonzi nokuti kuti iri munguva pfupi pedyo pacho kurutivi rwokumusoro kumahombekombe Thames, paShongwe London. In mufananidzo pazasi unogona kuona London Bridge.

Location rinoronga: 51 ° 30'20 "pamwe. W. 0 ° 04'30 "W. d. Tower Bridge iri nzvimbo huru. Kubva guru mahwindo maberere vake yevedza maonero guta kucherechedzwa skyscraper pakunzi "wemagaka" uye kuvaka The Shard. Rakauya ake anopenya kuti rwokumabvazuva, unogona kuona Greenwich Observatory uye nechiteshi chengarava St. Catherine.

Tower Bridge: Description

Bhiriji iri drawbridge uye yakarembera panguva imwecheteyo. Its kureba 244 M kunonyanyisa upamhi (panguva nechepakati span) kunosvika mamita 61. MuMedhia akapiwa chikamu zambuko iri huviri vachisimudza mapapiro, chimwe nechimwe anoyera vanopfuura chiuru matani. Nokuti ndima ngarava achisvika Thames, vanogona kumutsirwa pa necheparutivi 83 inegumi. At zvenguva zvitsigiso zambuko akagadzawo shongwe 65 mamita kumusoro. On pamusoro pamwero batanidza dzavo Makwara maviri. Vari zvakagadzirirwa kupikisa chinjikira makakatanwa mauto kuti kusika mugove yakaturikwa pakati zambuko Tower Bridge panyika. Mujinga shongwe nerimwe akaisa kutenderera michina.

The kuitika ruvara Zano zambuko (zvitema uye chena) rakagamuchirwa muna 2010. Asati ichi, iye kumbochinja kubvira 1977, ave kana kukudzwa sirivha rejubheri pakati Queen Elizabeth II nemagadzirirwo kupendwa matatu mavara: zvitema, matsvuku.

Nechepamusoro zambuko yakazarukira motokari, uye netsoka. Zvisinei, mapatya shongwe, makwara pamusoro rokumusoro sandara uye injini wamakamuri Victorian yaitonga vari chikamu Tower Bridge Exhibition. Kushanyira nzvimbo izvi zvinogoneka chete matikiti.

History chokusika

Yechipiri yezana remakore rechi19 aizivikanwa kukura nharaunda uye kubuda East End. Chime uye Equestrian motokari yakawedzera kakawanda chokuita ichi akakura sangano kuyambuka Thames kumabvazuva London Bridge. Muna 1870, pasi rwizi mugero wakanga waradzikwa Tower Subway. Sezvo pevhu, akashanda pfupi uye pakupedzisira akatanga kushandiswa bedzi munofamba nevanhu. Zvino riri mvura huru. Saka, mugero wacho haana rwakapedza dambudziko, saka muna 1876 chaiyo komiti achitungamirirwa Sir A.D.Altmana, wakange kuwana nzira kuyambuka rwizi yakatangwa.

The Committee yakazivisa makwikwi, izvo vakauya pamwe kupfuura 50 zvirongwa. The weNobel pakaziviswa muna 1884, asi akasarudza kuvaka zambuko Tower Bridge (Chirungu - Tower Bridge). Construction akanga apiwa mvumo weParamende muna 1885. Iye chinorondedzerwa kukura zambuko, uyewo kugadzirwa Style - Gothic.

Kuvaka zambuko

Kuvaka zambuko, mazita Tower yakatanga muna 1886 uye kwakatora makore masere. Panguva ino, tiri akatora mugove nedanho shanu mikuru Contractors: D. Jackson, Baron Armstrong, William Webster, H. Bartlett uye W. Arorol. Panguva kuvakwa vanhu 432 vakanga nidzwa. The zvachose Mari zambuko panguva yakasvika 1184 zviuru. Pounds. Kuvakwa akatora vanopfuura zviuru 11. Matani simbi.

Official Panovhurwa Bridge Tower Bridge kwakaitika musi June 30, 1894 Pane mhemberero wakapindwa Muchinda Wales (ramangwana King Edward VII) uye wake Alexandra pamusoro Denmark.

Nechekare mumakore okutanga huchishanda walkways pakati shongwe yacho zambuko kuzonzi bhowa mukurumbira sezvo utiziro pickpockets nezvifeve. Sezvo vari kashoma kushandiswa vanhuwo netsoka, vakanga akavharwa 1910. The richangobva akazarura maberere chete muna 1982. Nhasi rinoshandiswa senzira kuona chikuva uye miziyamu.

Hydraulic Bridge System

Tower Bridge, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, ane musimboti ndima, akakamurwa bapiro maviri kusimuka. Vanomutswa pa necheparutivi 83 inegumi. Nemhaka aenzanise kuti kuderedza nesimba, bhiriji inogona rakasanganiswa mune miniti chete. Hwakareba anosundwa hydraulic hurongwa. Yakanga aimbova mvura pamwe nesimba uchishandisa nevezera 50 nomuzariro. Water pumped maviri chiutsi michini, vane zvachose inokwana 360 litres. ino dzakabudirira Hamilton Randall Owen.

Hydraulic mashandiro uye gasi chiedza hurongwa paakagadzwa naWilliam Sugg & Co Ltd, inozivikanwa pa Westminster. Matochi chakapenya kubva pakutanga rakazaruka gasi burners mukati kwavari. Gare gare, hurongwa yoku- kuti ano incandescent mwenje.

The hydraulic Hurongwa yave yoku- zvakazara kusvikira muna 1974. The chete zvinoriumba iri kushandiswa achiri nhasi ndivo yokupedzisira giya. Vari zvinodzorwa nerimwe ano hydraulic injini ine rachulis apo mafuta rinoshandiswa pachinzvimbo mvura. Original zvigadziriswe vave omei akachengetedzwa. havana kushandiswa ikozvino uye akazaruka kuruzhinji, ichipa hwaro pamusoro miziyamu, iro rine zambuko muLondon Tower Bridge.

mazuvaano kuti zambuko

Muna 1974, basa rakatanga musi kutsiva yechinyakare chepakutanga mashandiro rokudzinga electrohydraulic hurongwa. Muna 2000, rimwe ano yekombiyuta kwave akagadzawo kurera uchingodzikira anotsigira kure kuzvidzora. Asi chaizvoizvo zvikazooneka kuva vasingavimbiki, uye somugumisiro bhiriji kakawanda rakabayirwa rakazaruka kana namahwindo chinzvimbo, nepo muna 2005 havana chakatsiva sensors ayo.

In 2008-2012. Bridge kwave kuchiita facelift kana, sezvo rainzi pachaunga, "facelift". Procedure akatora makore mana uye arasikirwe £ mamiriyoni 4. Huripo pendi pamusoro mamiriro kwave vakadzima pasi miti simbi. To residues yayo regai kuwira Thames, mumwe bhiriji chikamu inotaurwa mumasango uye epurasitiki firimu. Magadzirirwo akanga kupendwa zvitema uye chena. Mukuwedzera, bhiriji akawana idzva chiedza magadzirirwo.

zambuko utariri

Kuti zvinobudirira kushandisa uye chengetedza rwizi bhiriji racho, akashandisa dzakatevedzana mitemo uye zviratidzo. Masikati kuzvidzora akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze tichibatsirwa dzvuku semaphore, riri kuiswa mune cabins duku kumativi maviri zambuko piers. Usiku, zviedza mavara akashandiswa: maviri dzvuku - ndima yapera uye vaviri mitema - zambuko yakazaruka. In ita bvungapfunga okunze nezviedza aiperekedza ngo.

Nomunyika zambuko roruvanze, zvakare, taifanira kuratidza zvimwe zviratidzo. Masikati yaiva dema aine dhayamita kanenge 0.61 metres, akaisa pamusangano nokukwirira nyore ziso. Usiku chete panzvimbo yakavhenekerwa tsvuku mwenje. In ita bvungapfunga ekunze zvaida akawanda anonongedzera hwemvura pembe chikepe.

Part of zvichikurukura michina hwaponeswa uye zvino, rinomiririrwa mune miziyamu.

Sezvineiwo, bhiriji anopfuura makore ane zana, ndiko yainakidza nzvimbo nekuvongwa yayo vashanyi vakawanda uye vachiri anoramba chikuru chokubuda motokari. Zuva rimwe nerimwe michinjikwa zvinopfuura chiuru 40. People (netsoka, cyclists, vatyairi). Kuti tirambe STRUCTURAL akavimbika, pane sipidhi inodiwa kufamba pamusoro zambuko - kwete kupfuura 32 km / h - uye kutakura uremu - hapana anopfuura 18 matani.

Kare, bhiriji yakavhurwa zuva nezuva uye kanopfuura kamwe. Zvino, zvakaitika pasi pavo, zvinofanira nezvokudzokera maawa 24 pachine. Nguva dzekuvhura inobudiswa pamusoro pamutemo Website. Travel free.

Zita zambuko uye chitarisiko chawo vakajaira pasi pose, uye ndizvo anowanzoshandiswa kuti pakushambadzira zvinangwa. Somuenzaniso, masangano akawanda dzidzo dzinonzi Tower Bridge. Kunyanya, Moscow vezvokutengeserana urongwa pamwe ndichibvunza kudzidza Chirungu. Kuti kuva pfungwa pamusoro kupfungwa, verenga wongororo pamusoro chikoro "Tower Bridge School" kusiiwa vaaidzidzisa nevabereki vavo.

Public pavakanzwa zambuko

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti bhiriji Tower Bridge, pasina izvo chipo London ano hazvitomboiti mukutanga remakore rechi20, vakatsoropodza akanyatsorevesa. Akanzi mutevedzeri bezdelnichestva, falsification uye pretension. Artist British wakachenjera Frank Brangwyn akataura kuti zvakawanda penga Murongerwo haana yakavakwa pamusoro penzizi sokuronga kukosha.

Sezvo nguva yakafamba, izvozvo zvakachinja voruzhinji maonero ari zambuko. Zvino kuzivikanwa zvinokwezva renyika. Munyori uye connoisseur pakati mapurani Dan Cruickshank akasarudza iye somumwe zvivako mana, izvo vanorondedzerwa firimu rake "The yakanakisisa zvivakwa Great Britain."