Tower Bridge - pasuwo London uye chikuru kushongedzwa muguta

Kunyange vaya kumbova England, dzidza Tower Bridge pakarepo. Iye - rudzi chimiro British. Gore negore, pedyo zambuko uye mifananidzo nezviuru zvevashanyi murinde sezvo ichiyangarara pasi dare. Uye usiku, iye mwoyo pfungwa mazana uchipfuta magetsi, izvo zvinoratidzwa mumvura.

Aripiko Tower Bridge

Nyika iyi zvikuru hurongwa - United Kingdom kuti Great Britain uye Northern Ireland. Iye decorates umambo pachayo guta guru - London. drawbridge ichi iri chaipo peguta pamusoro poRwizi Thames.

Kazhinji, ramazambuko - kuti London zvinokwezva: Tower Bridge, Waterloo, London, Millennium, Railway Bridge Cannon Street uye Westminster (pedyo Big Ben). Kunyange zvakadaro, chinonyanya kukosha kuva chiratidzo guta - zviri Tower. Iye - chete mabhizimisi kadhi muLondon sezvo ari Eiffel Tower muna Paris kana Statue of Liberty muna Ny City. Mufananidzo zambuko iyi saka achisonganira guru UK, zvinoita sokuti kunyange hakuzivani. Kunyange zvakadaro, ayo UKURU nekuomarara mhando zvakare uye zvakare vanodzedzereka mupfungwa vashanyi.

zita akaita kupi

History of Tower Bridge zvakanyatsobatana riri pedyo nayo neshongwe London - nzvimbo vasungwa vakaramba. Pakuvamba, kusvikira 1872, pakati peguta rinongova rimwe London Bridge, Vakatsinhanisa munhu pamusoro poRwizi Thames. London zviremera vakasarudza kuti hazvina kukwana kuti dzomumaguta kushandiswa. Saka, muna akati gore, Parliament kushandisa mutongo kuvaka nzvimbo itsva. Sezvineiwo, mashoko commandant of Tower of London rwairwa pakuvaka, asi Paramende vakasimbirira. Kwakasarudzwa kuti rakatevera zambuko pamusoro mapurani anofanira zvainoitawo muna zvinobudirira chete mujeri. Ndipo nokusatsaudzira Tower Bridge.

zita raro, iyewo akagamuchira kubva Tower rokuLondon. Hwokumusoro kuguma zambuko yaiva chete pedyo pakona tirongo. Mugwagwa, inova kuenderera zambuko anomhanya akaererana parusvingo Tower. Saka kutanga, uyo akafamba mhiri zambuko ichi, akanga asiri London vairemekedzwa uye kusungwa.

Musiki zambuko

In yechando 1876, zviremera muLondon yakazivisa makwikwi zvakanaka chirongwa zambuko guta. Nokuti basa racho vakanga hwakaratidza zvinotevera zvinodiwa:

• zambuko aifanira kuva mukuru zvakaitika pasi zvinogona anotakura;
• kuvaka aifanira kuva akasimba uye yakafara kuitira kuramba kufamba ngoro vanhu.

Makumi mashanu dzinonakidza zvirongwa dzave dzichitaurwa. Vazhinji vavo kupa yakakwirira mabhiriji span. Asi zvose zvirongwa zvave kutadza zviviri zvakafanana: pakati mvura pamusoro uye zambuko panguva mukuru kumiswa raiva kure muduku zvikepe vaikwanisa, asi kuwedzera kwairi - zvakare pamawere nokuti mabhiza kudhonza ngoro. Architects anopa nzira vachisimudza hydraulic anosimudza vanhu uye mapepa zvishoma nezvishoma mumatope shop uye zvikamu tenderera.

Asi zvikuru chaizvoizvo ari nzira zvakazivikanwa sechirongwa mukuru murongedzeri London - Sir Horace Jones. Iye zvinganaka vaigadzirira-uye-donhwe-pasi zambuko.

The chechienzi purojekiti

Pakazosvika nguva, apo vakavaka Tower Bridge, drawbridges vakanga vagara chishamiso. Vari zvinowanzoshandiswa St. Petersburg, muNetherlands uye dzimwe nyika. Asi chepfungwa Tower Bridge akanga ake kunzwisisa rwokugadzira hurongwa. Hapana nyika sezvo zvizhinji haana rakaiswa hydraulics. In St. Petersburg panguva yokuti mabhiriji vaishandisa basa vashandi, iyo gare gare chikatsiviwa basa mvura turbines. Panguva chikumbiro pamusoro Municipality of zambuko akasikirwa iri Gothic manyorerwo. Pasi zviri nyore kupfuura kunyange rakakura gungwa midziyo.

A chepfungwa Tower Bridge aiva counterweight kuti unobvumira magadzirirwo uye akamutswa vega. Pakuvaka chivako ichi akanga akaronga mubatanidzwa masonry pamwe simbi mamiriro.

Zvisinei, pasinei zvakanakira pachena pfungwa, simba kunonoka chisarudzo pamusoro wayo mvumo. Ipapo Jones akakwezva akakurumbira injiniya John Vulfa Barri, uye pamwe chete ivo akavandudzika izvozvo. Saka, gadzira itsva, Tower Bridge aifanira kuva rokumusoro walkways. Uye basa racho vanotenderwa.

Kutanga okuvaka uye vokutanga kuchinja

Kuti vatore basa rive chokwadi, hurumende dzinounzwa chihombe Nemutengo panguva - £ 585,000. Developers kunge pakarepo ikava vanhu vakapfuma zvikuru.

Start okuvaka yakatangwa muna 1886. Uye pakutanga zvose kuenda maererano nechirongwa. Asi muchirimo 1887, kunyange vasati vatanga vateye nheyo zambuko, akafa pakarepo musoro chirongwa - Jones. Yaiva simba kurwadzisa mumwe wake injiniya, Barry, uye kuvakwa pamusoro nguva ndakadaro.

Barry ipapo vachiri kuenda chirongwa akatora vake mutevedzeri mapurani George. Stephenson. Last zvokudya chido yakakura nokuda gothic art of Victorian yaitonga, izvo yekudyidzana zvakakanganisa chirongwa. With veMubatanidzwa Stephenson Tower Bridge kwave kuchiita dzinoverengeka manyorero kuchinja. Steel anoteya zambuko vaiva vanoonekwa, sezvo zvakanga mumweya zvenguva. Zvino kwakatungamidzwawo maviri shongwe akakurumbira zvakabatana ne ndima munofamba nevanhu panzvimbo kukwira pamusoro mamita 42 pamusoro rwizi.

Huro zambuko uye sei akunoita

London Tower Bridge chakatangwa muna 1886 uye rakapedzwa makore 8. Ake kuwanikwa aiva chiitiko yakatarwa, kwakaitika muna June 1894. The mhemberero akanga apinda pachake Prince of Wales wake Alexandra.

basa zambuko rakanga zvachose nezvezvandaifanira chiutsi injini kuti tenderera pombi makuru. Zvivako izvi chamutsa yakakwirira kumanikidzwa vari accumulator mugadziriro. Izvo zvaizoitawo vakakuchidzira Motors, kutenderera crankshafts. Torque iri chinopfuudzwa kubva nomubato rachulis yakaitwa ichifamba toothed zvekutepfenyura,. A kwemauto ndiye anokonzera maberekero yacho zambuko mapapiro. Vanomutswa chikamu zambuko akanga akakura kwazvo, uye kupa pfungwa yokuti uri rachulis ane mutoro rakakura. Zvisinei, hazvina kudaro: pamapapiro zambuko vakanga vakatasva inorema counterweights, vari kubatsira hydraulic zvikuru Motors.

Kuti kuiparadza pemapapiro, yakawanda simba runodiwa. Zvino zvose zvakagoverwa. Zvivako mashandiro zvinosanganisira nhanhatu bhatiri huru umo pasi kufurirwa kwakasimba mvura. Akauya injini mutoro nokushanda chinjwa zvikamu zambuko. Achifuridzirwa mvura kuuya zvigadziriswe siyana munyika zvitange, uye hombe dhayamita ekisero makumbo maviri kutanga tenderera, vaizoitwazve web. Yose inoshandiswa ruminant zambuko akatora miniti imwe chete!

zambuko nhasi

Tower Bridge nhasi anomhanya zvachose magetsi. Zvisinei, sezvo asati, paanotanga kutama, zvose yaita chando uye nechido kutarisa billowing mumhepo pamapapiro zambuko. Zvadaro, pfungwa vanokwezvwa akapoteredza rwizi. Uye kana munhu mufaro chikepe kana Tug, zvose murinde pamwe mubereko parinopfuura pasi zambuko.

The dzinonakidza zvikuru anomuka rimwe shongwe, apo pane miziyamu yakatsaurirwa kuna Tower Bridge. Ikoko unogona kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro nhoroondo yacho, ona mifananidzo kuvakwa, Layouts uye zvirongwa. Zvakanaka, zvino unogona achikwira akataurwa uriri kuona kujairika, inonakidza uye zvinoshamisa Panorama rweguta chinotanga kubva ipapo.

Saka kana ukaona muLondon, iva nechokwadi kuti kushanyira Tower Bridge.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

Old London Bridge, akatenga muna 1968 Robert Makkaloh - muzvinabhizimisi kubva kuUnited States. The kuvaka yakanga namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara uye zvifambiswe kuUnited States. Maererano nengano, muzvinabhizimisi akanzwa kuti yekare London Bridge - ndiko Tower Bridge, chiratidzo risingazivikanwi Albion. Zvisinei, McCulloch rave pachena akaramba kuti izvi zvechokwadi.

Tower Bridge - iri noumhizha, yakanga vakashanda matarenda ezvivako. Uye ichi ndicho chikuru vashanyire kukwezvana kwete chete muLondon asi mhiri UK yose.