Types mashizha emiti uye vavo mashandiro (mufananidzo)

Pasinei dzakawanda miti pamusoro yedu, pamwe-siyana korona uye mashizha pacharo, vose hanya chimwe chinhu - paNyika mhepo kucheneswa kubva carbon dioxide, inova isina kumboitika uwandu runodzingira mune zvakatipoteredza kwevanhu, mhuka nyika, imwe nzira. Kune vazhinji zvesayenzi uye dzidzo mabhuku chaizvo chikamu ichi bhotani - ". Kwokuchipatara mashizha" The pakuonekwa muti kana shrub munhu anogona kuchinja, kupa, kunyange noshamisa chimiro. Asi zvuru rudzi miti Mashizha kuramba kuchinja.

"Muviri" ari jira

Anosiya - zviri chinokosha pamusoro hunde ezvinhu chero muti, shrub kana chirimwa. Rinoumba jira mugove vane mazita: ndiro, petioles, stipules.

Plate - ichi ndiko kuri chikamu jira, zviri sandara chimiro uye ane zvakasiyana-siyana, izvo isu muchafukidza gare gare.

Petiole - iri, nyore, dzinde izvo semucheka ndiro wanamatira bazi. Mune dzimwe miti, iro petiole ishoma chaizvo kana vasiri aripo.

Stipules - vanonzi jira zvinoshandiswa vari chawo. Chikamu ichi mashizha, vanhu vashoma ndaona uye munoziva. Chokwadi chokuti miti yakawanda stipules idonhe pamberi jira zvizere petenura. The chete kunze mamwe marudzi, akadai Acacia.

The botanical kupatsanura pakati-siyana mashizha. Photos kukurukurwa pazasi.

Vanhuwo zvikuru - hwemazuva mashizha (kana nyore). Ndivo mhando mashizha kuti akaumbwa rimwe shizha. Inogona kuva zvishoma sandara, vakagumisa, uye dissected, ichiita mabasa akawanda, kufanana pemioki kana matapiri. Simple mashizha rakakamurwa subspecies zvitatu: yose, lobed uye dissected.

Plants kuva pepa chete

Achitaura muti kwemarudzi zvaikosha nezvenyu anonyanya Birch. Kwete nokuti hakuna muti uyu chiratidzo nyika yedu. Birch kwakapararira panyika kuchamhembe hemisphere, asi pamwe makuru kuwanda miti idzi iri munharaunda Russia. Birch shizha - nyore, yakasimba, zvishoma curved chimiro ane serrated mucheto. Plate dzakafanana mutema ruvara, mitaro - inzwi richinjwe. In kuwa sezvo chikazozikamwa, Birch mashizha kunova tsvuku.

Nemaonero chinoshanda mashizha nezvimwe chinowanzoitwa Russia muti - Apuro. ichi yemichero mashizha makuru, asi ane chete unhu: kwakanyorwa zvikukutu, zvishoma serrated pamusoro kumicheto, mvere ruvara.

Aspen, Lilac, poplar, elm, uye zvimwe zvinomera anawo fomu pepa. Zvisinei, chete botanical nemaonero ivo akafanana mumwe, ari zvokunze misiyano Chokwadi, iripo.

The subtype rechipiri - lobed. It tinoberekwa ichi mhando inosiya zvimwe miti mumeporo. A mupenyu muenzaniso - shizha vanoratidzwa yeCanada mureza. The mashizha kunzi chovha, kana "notch" kwavo micheto haapfuuri chimwe muzvina nhamba yacho.

Zviri nyore reza pepa. Kana zvinonyatsoda enyaya "Types ose mumeporo mashizha", chidzidzo aigona kutora makore akawanda. Miti ava rudzi kupfuura 50, imwe neimwe iri rinobwinya kwete chete nzvimbo, asi tarira, kubva kumusoro, chimiro mapazi uye hunde akaguma aine maonero mashizha. Hatizombofi kugara izvi.

Wechitatu subspecies nyore mashizha - iri dissected mashizha. Nokuti ichi mhando ndiyo mashizha kuti akachekwa vanopfuura mumwe-kota jira. Somuenzaniso, kufanana voikukka, tansy. Kunyanya, kwakadai rinowanikwa mune lekastvennyh zvinomera uye maruva.

Mashizha kunzwisisa mamiriro

Nemarudzi miti nemashizha kuumba rechipiri guru boka - yakaoma. Complex dzinonzi nokuti vane zvinyorwa shoma. Vari rakakamurwa ternate, palchatoslozhnye uye pinnate.

Maruva Vamiririri vane ternate mashizha - mumunda Strawberry uye mhuka Strawberry, Clover. Dzavo runoratidza - vatatu mashizha mune rimwe petiole. Kudavira kuti Clover mashizha ina iri kubva kumarudzi namarudzi. Tsvaga chirimwa hazvibviri.

By palchatoslozhnym zvinosanganisira bhiza Chestnut mashizha, bindu lupine.

By pinnate - razibheri mashizha, gomo madota, pizi. Vanewo subspecies yavo: Kuti paripinnate ndivo apo panguva pakuguma hunde nemashizha maviri, dzakadai pizi, uye mune shamisa pinnate - Rose, iye apedza padzinde rimwe.

Mhando chirimwa mashizha (ndiro chimiro)

More mashizha dzinoiswa ne mhando uye lamina:

1. vakagumisa.

Izvi zvinosanganisira houseplant, yakafanana Violet uye nebindu nasturtium, Aspen.

2. Oval.

shizha mhando kunoitika muna elm, Hazel.

3. The lancing.

Vakawanda vari Tree uye shrub the willow mhuri, uyewo kubva mugwenzi rinonzi Loch sirivha.

4. Egg serin'i.

Zita iri mashizha zvose anozivikanwa plantain

5. Linear.

Kwakadaro jira mhando chinokurira mune zviyo, akadai rye.

Kuumba hwaro jira - imwevo chinokosha kuti kupatsanura. Kubva pana parameter ichi. mashizha ndiwo:

• akaita somwoyo (sezvo Lilac);
• achikanganisa (zvakarungwa);
• arrowhead (arrowhead).

Kuumba pamusoro jira iri kungopotsera, wakarodzwa, vakagumisa, bilobate.

A yoga dingindira - venation

Zvino funga sei rokuti Pepa kwayo veining.

For dicots dzinoratidzwa reticulate venation. Zviri nezvezvikwata zviviri: palmate (apo vose mutsinga kubuda sezvinoita svinga chimwe nechimwe) uye Cirrus (kana ari huru mutsinga bazi kure madiki).

In monocots kazhinji unowanikwa zvakafanana kana arcuate venation. Parallel - the wakawondereiko kudai mazuva ose mashizha (mashizha gorosi, tsanga), chinhu chakakombama - pamusoro dzakafara mashizha (ruva mumupata).

A zvishomanana zvinonakidza zvine chokuita mashizha

• Tsitsi anosiya - the Fern inonzi maidenhair-tonkolistnik. wakawondereiko kudai mazuva ose kwavo zvakasikwa kungoti haana.
• The sharpest mashizha - uswa putang. vanhu Local akati kuti uswa iri banga rakapinza.
• Vanopfuura mamiriyoni 45 mapeji - mu nemisipiresi.
• machira anopfuura maviri haana inokura Welwitschia.
• Water ruva "Victoria" rine mashizha chete dhayamita pamusoro mamita anopfuura maviri.
• raffia chanza shizha urefu - 20 mamita.
• Havasi zvinomera zvose vakateura mashizha muchando. Kune avo kuti vanonzi miti yakasvibira.

Types uye ruvara mashizha

Oddly, asi dziberekane pamusoro jira kazhinji asingaiti shanje chero wawo, kana pamusoro nzvimbo. Just nokurusima tinoberekwa kupenda ichi, ndizvozvo zvose.

Ko Ruvara jira rinoumbwa? Muchirimo, anenge zvose zvinomera kupendwa rwegirini ruvara nokuda kwe nyama yavo chaiyo ruvara - chlorophyll. fuma iyi kunobatsira zvinomera kuramba zhiznedeyaelnost dzavo, achibatsirwa chirimwa kuita isina kumboitika pfungwa: masikati synthesizes shuga kubva carbon dioxide. Uyewo, shuga anova kuvaka zvinhu nokuti zvinokosha muviri zvose.

Nei mashizha kutendeuka tsvuku?

Uyezve chlorophyll chirimwa mashizha rine mamwe coloring nevasori dzakadai xanthophylls, carotene, anthocyanins. Muchirimo, kukanganisa kwavo pamusoro coloring iri shoma chaizvo, sezvo wevasungwa kuti chlorophyll iri chirimwa nyama pamusoro kane chiuru. Asi kutanga kwematsutso ose dzinotsanagura upenyu vari kutanga kupera, uwandu chlorophyll hunotanga kutapudzwa. Zvinokosha kuona kuti mune chiedza holorofill vakaparadza zvikuru nokukurumidza. Naizvozvo, kana mumatsutso iri jeka uye ushamwari, mashizha vachadzokera yeyero idonhe.