Vychegda - kurwizi Komi Republic. Description, mapikicha

Russia - chikuru nyika munyika, uye mumwe mvura. The nyika ane hombe reserves mvura yakachena. Zvose mundima Russian Federation pane vanenge mamiriyoni 2,5 enzizi, zvikova uye hova. Nyaya ino ichataura zvakadzama pamusoro mumwe wavo ainzi Vychegda. Komi Republic uye Arkhangelsk mudunhu chikamu - zviri apo zvinoitika.

Sei zita iri?

Mumutauro pakati Komi vanhu kworwizi zita rinonzwika sezvizvi Ezhva, iro anoshandura se "wemarudzi mvura": "Pe" - kana kumafuro uswa, uye "Sekai" - mvura.

zita Russian rwizi kunobva Vychegda sangano drevneugorskih mashoko "Vacha" - green, wemarudzi, uye "ohgt" - rwizi. In achichinja kuita mutauro wokuRussia rakawedzerwa mashoko okupedzisira tsamba "munhu".

Saka, Vychegda - rwizi ruchiyerera napakati Mafuro. Dzimwe nguva Komi kumutumidza "tsvuku rwizi", nekuti mvura nguva dzose madhaka.

jogirafi

Regai tipe dzinokosha nenzvimbo ruzivo pamusoro pondi ichi. Sezvo ini ataurwa pamusoro apa, Vychegda - rwizi, vakatakura mvura yaro iri pamapani taiga kunyanya pamusoro munharaunda Komi Republic (85% rwedziva) uye pamwe muna Arkhangelsk mudunhu. Search pamepu zvinokosha kuchamhembe European chikamu Russia. Ndicho kupfuura mutero of Northern Dvina, wake rworudyi ruoko.

mugero kureba 1130 km dziva nzvimbo - vanopfuura zviuru 120 akaenzana. ? km. Vanenge vose dzarwo akafukidzwa taiga masango, izvo saka vakapfuma Komi Republic. Murwizi kana mawere, hapana anoputsa, hapana nezvikumbaridzo, inoyerera pachena, zvikuru uye zvishoma nezvishoma mhiri pamapani ane nokukwirira musiyano 120 kusvika 150 metres. Kana vaizvambarara rwizi mumipata, pasi alluvial - pfupi, yakatetepa, pasina tenuka.

Achitevedza jecha pamubhedha kakawanda marshes, rwizi materu iduku kwazvo. Perm dziva anoumbwa deposits (nevhu, marl) kubva marasha reraimu pamusoro hombe nzvimbo uye Jurassic dombo kwakatooma chalky kuti dzimwe nguva bindepinde Quaternary.

Weboka rwizi ichitenderera chaizvo Somuenzaniso, pazasi kuguta Syktyvkar dziva, pavaigona kutora chikepe chaienda Semukovskuyu chikomo, makakombama pamawere chinhu chakakombama kurutivi rwizi Vym - ayo rworudyi rechibharo. Zvakananga pakati endpoints vasina kupfuura 3 km, uye rwizi kuenda 30 makiromita. Chakakombama nomunzvimbo dzine Vychegda bheseni aumba somugumisiro glaciations vazhinji Sea North, kunyanya ayo azvino kunogumbura panyika.

Panobva uye muromo

Vychegda - rwizi, iyo yakaumbwa panguva confluence pamusoro pehova Chema-Vosges uye Lun-Vosges kuti kubuda doro Jüri-Nyur kumaodzanyemba kumucheto Timan Ridge. Coordinates mabviro: 62 ° 19 '. W. uye 55 ° 32 'mu. d.

Uye apo rwizi mainozonodira Vychegda? mvura yavo payo anotakura kupinda Northern Dvina, iyo inoyerera kuguta Kotlas, inova 600? km kure Ngirozi Huru. Coordinates mumuromo: 61 ° 17 's. W. uye 46 ° 37 'mu. d.

hydrology

Power, Vychegda hwakakanyiwa. A guru kuenderana echando (40-45%) uye situ (34-40%), muchidimbu nokuda mvura (15%). Water kugutsikana yemakomo kubva 162 cubic metres por wechipiri pedyo nomusha Ust-Him, 601 cubic metres por kechipiri Syktyvkar, Komi Republic guru, kuti 1160 cubic metres por wechipiri pedyo muromo.

Rwizi vakasununguka chando mukupera April - mangwanani May. Panguva chitubu mafashamo Vychegda pamwero rinobuda zvikuru - kubva 4 kusvika 7 mamita. Water zvikazara kunzwisisa kuti makiromita akawanda pahupamhi. Muna 1974, kwaiva kunyanya yakakwirira mvura apo rwizi pamwero akasimuka nokuda anenge 8 mamita. Asi mvura zhinji iri Vychegda aserera nokukurumidza.

rokumusoro Vychegda

The rwizi rakakamurwa kuva yepamusoro, pakati uye ezasi.

Upper Vychegda runoyerera 346? Km kubva kwarwakabva kusvikira confluence ari rworuboshwe rechibharo kwake. dziva unomiririra dissected mugove nemumakomo rwenze yakakwirira mamita 250. Upamhi rwizi mumupata panguva ino 200 metres. Rwizi meanders ose nzira, ane mugove Mangondo diki uye shoals, nokuti kumbonyanya kukurumidza - 0.7-0.8 metres por wechipiri.

Pedyo kunobva rwizi upamhi asingadi kupfuudza 15 metres, asi zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzerwa uye Nema akatotora yakasvika 100 metres. Avhareji kudzika Upper Vychegda - 3 metres, uye soro - 10 mamita. Kudya uku chikamu rwizi pachivande uye chando, mvura pedyo nomusha Pomozdino ndiyo 50 cubic metres por wechipiri.

avhareji Vychegda

Rinotanga vomumusha Ust-Nema uye kumhanya 488 km chinoguma panguva confluence kwayo akasiya Sysola inflow (zvakakodzera guta guru Komi - Syktyvkar). Chokutanga, rwizi anomhanya kuburikidza Kerchemskoy mupata avete pakati pezvikomo uye Zhezhimparma Nemskoy, pakati chikamu bheseni anopindura bani guru pakati Upland Northern Uvaly uye Timan Ridge. Below chiteshi runoyerera kuburikidza yakafara machakwi pamapani.

Kurudyi rwizi yakawanda madziva (Sindorskoe, dont). Munzvimbo yacho mutero naye, uye Vym North Keltma River kunoratidzwa karst. Central Valley Vychegda anotambanudza nokuda 10 makiromita, yakafara mafashamo nebani, kazhinji kaviri madziro, akafukidza Mafuro, machakwi nenzvimbo. The mubhedha upamhi kubva 100 kusvika 700 metres ane jecha-ivhu pasi, vadzore kuitika chitsuwa pamahombekombe akafukidzwa hurungudo.

Pakadzika kurwizi Vychegda pa nzvimbo iyi unochinja chaizvo - 0.5 metres 6 metres pamberi shallows pamusoro rinosvika. Kuerera zvazvingava ndiyo avhareji 0.5 metres pa wechipiri, asi panguva kumusoro mvura kusvika 2 metres muzana wechipiri. Food chando akatekeshera (60%), vamwe nezvokuvandudzika mvura uye pasi pevhu. Water kunwa pana Ust-Nema ari 160 cubic metres por wechipiri, muna Syktyvkar - 600 cubic metres por wechipiri. Kana tsime mafashamo pamwero rwizi mvura inokwira kusvika 5-6 mamita.

dzikisa Vychegda

It zvinobva ayo rworudyi rechibharo - rwizi Vym, achimhanya 296 makiromita muromo. In rezasi kunosvika kworwizi inova yakakura uye vakwanise, asi mune mamwe zvayo nzvimbo uye hydrological ezvinhu zviri chaizvo yakafanana ezvinhu Central Vychegda.

Bilateral floodplain achiri kunosvika 6-8 km asi mupata kunosvika kumusoro kusvika 40 makiromita. Coast pamusoro tatamuka uyu rwizi kunyanya jecha, kashoma pachena ivhu peat zviwi neshamhu dema. More nevakawanda vane hurungudo namabwe. Kunyanya yakawanda navo chengarava Timasova Mountain, pedyo Fairway uye Upper Soyginskom Slobodchikovskom shallows, apo vakaumba chaiyo ibwe akatevedzana.

Rwizi ari dzakaderera rinosvika kunyanya chando muchirimo pane zvakasiyana.

Inflows

Nokuti dziva mvura iyi ikaunganidzwa muna 1137 vabati vechibharo. Izvi hazvirevi zvinosanganisira nehova duku kupfuura zviuru 23, kureba asingasvavi pfuura 10 makiromita.

rechibharo Major Vychegda (chikuru): Right - Vym, Wohl, Vishera, Yarenga River uye Elva, asi rwehembe - Vileda, Sysola, Lokchim, North Keltma River, Iye South Mylva.

saka Part rechibharo semuenzaniso Vym uye North Keltma River, vari zviri kukonzera Sarimoni fishery kukosha kwazvo.

kutumirwa

Vychegda chinhu navigable rwizi. Navigation pamusoro payo inotanga iri svondo rokutanga May zvimiti panguva 20 October nhamba. Court muchirimo vasvike chengarava Voldino (960 km), uye muzhizha vachiwira Marina Ust Coloma (693 km).

The Kudeuka marinas: Yarensk, Mezhog, Solvychegodsk Aikino, Ust-Kool, Syktyvkar.

Kuoma kunzwisisa wekushandisa musi Vychegda ndechokuti ayo gwara iri isina chaizvo, uye nacho vari zvakare Mobile. Maererano zviratidzo izvi, muviri mvura inoremekedzwa pakutanga kuRussia. Kunyanya kuedzwa zvakasimba Vychegda jecha mahombekombe dzemisha pukto Oshlape, Sharovitsy uye Vyemkovo.

Asi rwizi kuchamhembe Russia agara nzira huru yokukurukurirana, saka, pasinei nezvinetso, Vychegda Nde gang munzvimbo: muzhizha yevagari kunoita kuburikidza nemvura, uye chando - iri chando.

Uyewo rwizi kubva muchirimo kusvika Mumatsutso rinoshandiswa kuti kuyangarara mapuranga.

misha

Maguta akawanda vakapararira misha yakawanda yakavakwa murwizi. Huru vakawanda mazwi Browse: guta guru Komi Republic Syktyvkar, misha Suburban Ezhva, Krasnozatonskaya, Sedkyrkesh, taundi Zheshart, Koryazhma, Kotlas Solvychegodsk uye akagara pasi uye Anufrievka Anikeevka, dzimwe misha.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

The dziva, izvo zvakatsaurirwa kuna stattya, zvikuru akapfuma hove. Zviri musha Sturgeon, Pike, knot, Pike, bream, Sarimoni chena, neKubhi, Ide, burbot, roach, gudgeon, Ruff uye dzimwe mhando hove. The rwizi anodyisa rose Vagari of Komi Republic.

Rokunyaradza Railways mutakurwi nechitima nhamba 24 mashoko Moscow - Syktyvkar imwe nguva chainzi "Vychegda".

Zvino imi munoziva apo rwizi Vychegda uye chii ayo chikuru maitiro.