Writer Ivan Makarov: Biography, okugadzira zvinhu uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

mabhuku Russian akapfuma nemazita inopenya. Asi socio-enyika upenyu nyika yakanga yakadaro kuti nhepfenyuro yaiva mumaoko nezviremera. Uye mazita akawanda vanyori, vananyanduri, masayendisiti kwemakore dzave kukanganwika. Pakati pavo, unyanzvi munyori Ivan Ivanovich Makarov.

Makore munyori mangwanani

Ivan Makarov akaberekwa mumusha Saltykov October 30, 1900. Pakubhabhatidzwa akagamuchira zita John.

Ndapedza muzvikoro kumaruwa sezvo mudzidzi Ivan zvakanakisisa akatora kudzidza muna Ryazhskaya jimunasiyamu zvevoruzhinji dzidzo. Asati chikoro chesekondari, munyori ramangwana akadzidza pamusoro mari hurumende.

Muna 1918, private vakadzi vaviri jimunasiyamu, uye varume, apo akadzidza pasi Makarov Ivan, vakanga vasanganiswa uye zita. Muna June 1919 apedza rive "chikoro ari 2nd Danho nhamba 2".

makore kudzidza

Vadzidzisi Zvikoro girama vaiva zvose kudzidza payunivhesiti. A muvimbwi of jimunasiyamu raiva achizivawo yedare Yermolov. Vadzidzi vaigara akaita nzendo kuti yake kuchamuka - amutsvaka greenhouses, mapindu, greenhouses uye paki.

The jimunasiyamu aiva kwaya mudzidzi. Paiva gitare, mumwe chiridzwa chavo chinonzi cello, piyano, Viola, kaviri Bass, nenyere, oboe. Vadzidzi akasika balalaika chikwata chevaimbi. Stage zvesimba, kusanganisira nokuti vaigara muguta. For vokusekondari yaitungamirira Sunday kuverengwa nechiedza mifananidzo uye firimu purogiramu.

Wakaitwa jimunasiyamu yemitambo "Svondo mangwanani" muchirimo - mitambo muzhizha - nhabvu uye Supreme, izvo akabhadharira jimunasiyamu. Winter wakanyatsokodzera nokuti chesekondari muchinjikwa-nyika Skiing uye chando Skating Rink.

Chaiwo Sciences vakapiwa munyori ramangwana zvakanaka. Nemasvomhu, geometry, akanga mana, mutauro Russian uye mabhuku - munhu katatu. Makore kudzidziswa chesekondari vava zvinokosha kuti paumbwe munyori nezveramangwana. Iyi ndiyo nguva epochal zviitiko: Wokutanga World War, February Revolution, uye ipapo October, kutanga Civil War.

mhuri

Vabereki munyori, vanhuwo zvavo Ivan Ivanovich Makarov uye Maria Ivanovna Kon'kova, uyewo akaberekerwa Saltykov. Vaiva nomazvo vanhu, izvo panguva iyoyo zvakanga zvisingawanzoitiki. Vose vakauya kubva simba upfumi, kunze gwaro achisimbisa kuti imwewo nyika Princess Troubetzkoy.

Okugadzira zvinhu Makarov Ivan Ivanovich ari zvakabatana chaizvo kuti Biography ake. In enganonyorwa ake uye munyori inoratidza chaiyo nyika ( "The Black Shawl") enzvimbo muchindakadzi, uye uwandu vagere musha ( "Steel mbabvu"). baba munyori akanga ari murimi mudiki pasina nyika, uye zvaaiva bedzi wokusonesa, sezvo iye pachake anoti Makarov. baba vake akanga achiparidza shoemaking mubhizimisi.

Nyika yose yakanga yakanyorwa kuti sekuru Makarov. Vaigara mumba sekuru vake. Mhuri aiva nevana vatanhatu, Ivan - zvikuru mukuru. Land runofarira kugona kufudza mhuri yakakura, uye baba vangu kazhinji akaenda kunoshanda muMoscow.

Mumakore nehurumende itsva, uye baba nemwanakomana mangwanani Makarov akapinda zviremera zvemo. The baba mutariri mukurwisa navashanduki Committee, uye mwanakomana wake akava nhengo yedare musha. Makarov, Jr. aiva nhengo Township yekomiti murombo, yakanga kodzero ngavabude "yemuraudzo" chingwa uye kuparadzirwa pakati varombo.

Zvichida hapana nyika yavo kukanganisa nyika Makarova Senior. Iye achibvumirana kwehurongwa "murimi mudiki" Socialist-Revolutionary Party, mubvunzo mukuru waiva pasi. Rakanga akapfuura uye mwanakomana wake. Musoro basa rake richava varimi, nyika chimurenga zvakachinja upenyu hwavo.

Mabasa ake Ivan Makarov inotiudza pamusoro chaiye zvakaitika 1917. Muna nganonyorwa "The Black Shawl" inoratidza chokwadi pokukundwa vanhuwo zvavo distillery vakati opilis doro, uye vakauraya 70 vanhu.

upenyu Personal

Mune dzimwe nemibvunzo Makarov akataura kuti haana kuroorwa. Muna 1921, bato remibvunzo, akati - "akaroorwa." zita romukadzi wake rakanga Vera Valentinovna Vonlyarlyarskaya, vakagamuchirwa mwanakomana - Ndira Muna 1941, aiva nemakore gumi nemanomwe, mumwe muzvipiri anoenda mberi. Panoperera Yechipiri World War muna January nokupera Königsberg.

echimurenga basa

Akadana chimurenga, zviuru zvevechiduku, Makarov aiva pakati pavo. Panguva yakanyorwa, anoisa dzidzo iri "yakanaka" kana "avhareji". Mamwe masoja ose Koshanda akamuitira godo, vazhinji vavo vapedza chikoro chepuraimari chete.

"Matanho echimurenga" First Makarov Ivan akaita nomutauro wake musha apo vanhu vomumusha kuti vakabvarura kubva masvingo uye akapisa yamambo Portraits kanzuru. Akabva aiva mboni ari jimunasiyamu. Apedza, akaenda kupi akarayira Party - vakarwa Red Army, akashanda somutariri mupurisa enyika uye Scout muna Chone, aiva munyori woruwa reDare Koshanda.

Muna 1922, Makarov akanga anoyeuka ake mumhanyi uye akatuma kudunhu murayiridzi Koshanda Committee. Akagara Ryazan, asi murwendo vaiwanzofamba kuna mumaruwa. Somumiririri weruwa Ryazan, Makarov aifamba January 1924 pamusoro mariro womutungamiri muMoscow. Pakati nhume yakanga iri 6 All-Union Congress of Koshanda.

Sezvo mumatsutso 1923 Makarov Ivan Ivanovich - nhengo Communist Party. Yaisanganisa uye nebato basa, uye zvinhu kunyora. Muna 1924, aine basa Kupinda anosika Ryazan davi "vadetembi of Union" uye mabhuku denderedzwa.

Kubvira muna 1926, Makarov akashanda sezvo munyori Party muchitokisi weDhipatimendi voruzhinji. Pakupera kwegore rino, iye muchidimbu akasiya Ryazan kuona kuSiberia. Wokupedzisira basa Makarova muna Ryazan - superintendence Agronomy School.

bhuku rokutanga

Most upenyu hwake hupfupi Ivan Makarov akararama munyika Ryazan. Aishingaira aiitawo pakuvaka muduku wehurumende, kutanga kuva Koshanda mushandi, ipapo sezvo kupati. In Ryazan, akabudisa ari munharaunda mapepanhau sechipiriso dzomupepanhau mumaruwa uye mutungamiri Koshanda sangano.

Iyi zvakanyorwa kucherechedza. "Kuchema Youth", "vazukuru Lenin kuti," "Pfungwa vechidiki Communards", "Basa kudanidzira" Nyaya "Kumuka Kwokutanga", "Mishkin nechitsotsi", "Boots uye ruomba", "kiyi". "Grunkino kutuka" uye "zino nezino" Makarov kuna All-Russian chechetere. Kubvira akatanga rwendo rwake ari mabhuku kukuru.

okugadzira zvinhu Makarova

Muna 1929 wokutanga yokufungidzira, "The simbi mbabvu" akasunungurwa muMoscow. It yakabudiswa mumagazini inonzi "The Young Guard", ipapo yakabudiswa mubhuku fomu. Namarudzi bhuku Makarov vakatamira Moscow. Pane nyaya akanyorwa:

• 1930 - "muzhikan Last";
• 1933 - "The Case 471";
• 1935 - "The Firebird", "Stepan kutambura kwenyika."

Nechekare muguta guru unyanzvi novelist Makarov Ivan Ivanovich akanyora nyaya:

• 1929 - "Reid dema ngoko";
• 1930 - 1931 makore - "Rugare panyika";
• 1931 - 1932 - "The Cossack papurazi";
• 1936 - "Gofmaler Nikita".

The Moscow nguva enganonyorwa vakasikwa:

• 1929 - "The simbi mbabvu";
• 1933 - 1934 makore - "The Black Shawl";
• 1936 - "Misha Kurbatov".

Enganonyorwa "India uri muropa" uye "Grand Plan" hakusati akabudiswa. Unknown mugumo anoshanda, "Vecchio" uye "Muscovite Good". Roman Makarov "Blue Field" yakasiyiwa konekwa.

Muna 1928 Ivan Makarov akatungamirira Ryazan bazi Writers 'Association. Muna 1929, nyaya yake pfupi "Panguva dzoro", akagamuchira mubayiro magazini "Pathfinder". Muna 1930 - Nyaya "nyarara Drum" magazini Award "World Adventures".

kusunga

Muna nganonyorwa "Misha Kurbatov" Makarov vakatsauka bato pfungwa maonero. Muna February 1937, munyori Makarov Ivan Ivanovich akasungwa sezvo neshasha ari murimi mudiki sangano evanyori, inonzi chinangwa chacho chaiva chigaro Stalin.

The Lubyanka Makarova refu ndondo uye vakatambudzwa. Mukutonga utsinye kurwadziswa akabvuma mhosva yake. Makumi emakore gare gare, zvikaonekwa kuti hapana vakarangana haana uye asingagoni kuva. Makarova akapfurwa ari pevhu ari NKVD, July 16, 1937.