Nyika guru muunganidzwa wokuRussia uri - the Russian Museum (paintings)

Pakutanga, wokuRussia Museum, iyo mifananidzo inomiririra nyika guru muunganidzwa wokuRussia unyanzvi, akanambwa dzakaunganidzwa vanatenzi chete Russian.

Kunotanga

Museum rakavakwa nomurau Nicholas II muna 1895, uye vakagamuchira zita "Russian Museum naMambo Alexander III». Sei? Nekuti pfungwa dzayo zvisikwa zvaiva anozivikanwa nokuda kwake nyika Alexander Alexandrovich Romanov. Kuti izvi zvidaro, akasarudza kutenga zvizvarwa Mikhail Pavlovich Romanov Mikhailovsky Palace, sezvo chibvi naPauro I kare vagari Germany uye Russia akasungirirwa zvavo chete pfuma. Alexander III akafa muna 1894, uye muna 1895 Nicholas II, uyo azadzise kuda kwababa vake, akatenga mumuzinda pfuma uye akatanga Russian miziyamu. Paintings nokuti vakanga vapiwa zvefuma akawanda Russian.

Wokutanga replenishment

Nhamba huru mifananidzo apa Russian Academy of Arts uye Hermitage ukuwo, 122 uye 80 Mifananidzo. Kubva Winter maviri Suburban nhare (Gatchina uye Alexander) vakagamuchira 95 mabasa. Russian Museum, ane mifananidzo pamukova kazhinji musi gore totaled 445 zviyero, 148 mifananidzo kubva private kuunganidza. Kudeuka kwemari yakapa zvizvarwa AB Lobanov-Rostovsky, Russian Wenyika, muchinda ane mhuri vaibva Rurik, uye M. K. Tenishevoy, Princess, anorichengeta, waiva pacharo enamel Artists. Pfungwa rakasikwa munhu miziyamu wokuRussia Ndiwe wawa zvakawanda kuti nezvaanoda pakati mafeni ounyanzvi, kuti ivepo pokuunganidzira yakawedzera nekaviri mumakore 10. Deposit mari yakafanira zvose mari yacho Treasury kuti chinangwa ichi, uye kuburikidza mipiro.

The vaifarira kanenge polity

Mumakore okutanga pashure miziyamu rakakura nokukurumidza tichiregeredza nationalized private kuunganidza. The Russian Museum, kuti kupenda akasvika vakawanda nokuda basa izvo aripo kubvira 1921 kusvika 1928 State Museum Fund. Saka, muna 1925, mifananidzo iri miziyamu muunganidzwa akanga atova 3648. Zvinofanira kuzivikanwa kuti mumakore ehondo uye blockade hakuiti kukuvara kana imwe kopi miziyamu wacho inochengetwa mudzimba uye kubviswa kupfuura zviuru 7.5. Paintings mu Perm. In zvose makore kuvapo anokosha rudo vagari zviri Russian miziyamu riri Neva. St. Petersburg mufananidzo kwavo nyika yakakurumbira namaberere nguva dzose akaunganidzawo zvakanakisisa. Iye nezvaaigona, ari guta guru guru akapfuma. The Hermitage nderimwe 10 yakanakisisa mamiziyamu munyika. Asi zvakaoma, chivako chikuru riri pakati kuchamhembe guru, pamusoro embankment of Griboyedov Canal, Kuvaka 2, haina kunyimwa chero mukurumbira munyika uye kutarisirwa, kana rudo vokuRussia zvose.

The kunozivikanwa pfuma yemashoko

Russian Museum, iyo mifananidzo vari kuita kudaro kuzivikanwa? Sezvo kuzarura muna March 1898 kusvika nhasi vanoumba hwaro ake rubvumo rokutanga. Kunyanya vanogona kusiyanisa mabasa Karla Bryullova kubva Hermitage ounyanzvi, I. I. Ivanova, F. A Bruni uye I. K. Ayvazovskogo. pfuma akadai "Mazuva Okupedzisira rePompeii" kana "The Ninth Wave", anogona chete kuzovewo yepfuma enyika art.

Argunova Mifananidzo usingafi uye Levitsky, Venetsianov uye Kiprensky, Tropinin uye Fedotov wakabva Academy of Arts. No Russian painter, vane mabasa vangadai vasina reRussia Museum. Aivazovsky Mifananidzo izvo vakaungana horo nhamba 9 - mumwe chikuru vanyori mutero.

Aivazovsky - mumwe mikuru zvishongo mu korona

Pakati Mifananidzo zvenyika raizivikanwa zvomumvura painter ari kuunganidzwa yeRussian Museum uye kune kanivhasi iro unoratidza Judhasi kumutengesa panguva yaKristu kwavari. Pane tsvarakadenga hwindimiri, pane zvinoshamisa maonero reVesuvius. Asi, chokwadi, yakanaka kwazvo vari mifananidzo yake wakayeriswa kugungwa uye kuBaltic uye Mediterranean. Chero nguva zuva; uye kana mwedzi uye yakajeka anodzimaidza zuva - gungwa Aivazovsky akanaka. Muna Russian Museum zvinoshamisa vakasarudzwa mabasa ake; penyanza ari dutu, uye akadzikama zvakakwana, zviri achinyura chikepe mukutambudzika uye muchizvikudza akamira migwagwa, ndakasurukirwa schooner uye rose dzechikwata, dvadtsatipushechnye ngarava uye zvikepe hove - Mariny Ayvazovskogo nevamwe, nemamwe, rinonaka, uye avo mugove. Oga, unogona kutaura pamusoro nechikepe, yokubatidza nezuva akasiyana pamakona, pedo uye pedyo.

Pamusoro okugadzira zvinhu

Vose, Russian Museum iri kupfuura 20 Mifananidzo pamusoro Artist ichi chikuru, anozivikanwa nokuda nhaka yayo huru. St. Petersburg Museum ane "wechipfumbamwe mugodhi". The kunozivikanwa kanivhasi, kupendwa muna 1850, ndiye yakakurumbira mufananidzo womufananidzo. Chimwe chezvinhu dzakakurumbira mifananidzo iri Russian unyanzvi, unonzi, kunyange rakavanzika vanokurudzirwa kunyora nhetembo haisi nyanduri, zvose mumhuri uye vatorwa. Kunyanya nevakawanda ndivo mavhesi Baratynsky zvakanyorwa pasi pfungwa Paaidzidzisa. Kutsamwa yomugungwa nyanduri anokumikidza inotevera mitsetse: "... nyika inodedera pamberi pake, iye chakavanzwa denga nemapapiro makuru ..."