Yaroslavl Museum-Reserve. Yaroslavl State Historical-Architectural uye Art Museum-Reserve

Kunokwezva vafambi vazhinji nhasi Yaroslavl. Dzinoyevedza, tsananguro izvo zvinogona kuwanikwa bhurocha chero nzvimbo zvinofadza meso vaeni uye veko zvakafanana. On mumwe wavo tozotaura nhasi.

Vafambi kuona nzvimbo Yaroslavl, handigoni kubatsira asi cherechedzai chitarisiko Cathedral, riri mumoyo guta.

Uye dzimwe nguva kuziva kuti chivako haisi chechi uye miziyamu. Yaroslavl Museum-Reserve - chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha nemagariro masangano muguta Yaroslavl. Uyezve, zvinokosha nzvimbo kuenda. Zvinonzi wakashanyira pagore 600 zviuru. Man. Zita Museum iri zvizere, sezvinei, hazvisi nyore: "Yaroslavl State Historical-Architectural uye Art Museum-Reserve."

tsananguro pfupi

Nzvimbo iyi nemagariro kubva 1959 iri mumwoyo peguta, muchivako kare kubatikana neMuponesi-Kuchinja wemamonk, iyo yakaguma muna 1787. Vapfumi Nhoroondo manyoro uye mifananidzo, chechi nemidziyo uye machira zvinokosha, uyewo mabasa ekare uri muridzi nokuda miziyamu. On ndima yayo chivako chomumwe Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi16 uye ndiye mukuru asara ari kunzwisisa. Zviri Kuchinja Cathedral. The miziyamu zvinosanganisira 6 machechi dziri zvivako zvinokosha unyanzvi uye mavakirwo rechi17.

History miziyamu

Muna 1865, 12 (25) January, yakavhurwa nokuda Society, vakasikirwa dzinongoitika-nhoroondo kudzidza dunhu (zita rizere chikonzero chake haangatongovi), rokutanga miziyamu. Its muvambi aiva Petrovskiy Andrey Stanislavovich, purofesa rwokuzvarwa nhoroondo. Society muna 1901 zita dzinongoitika kare, uye vakawanda entomological muunganidzwa yakaumbwa pashure paizvozvo. History Natural Museum iri kwezana remakore rechi20, mumwe mamiziyamu pakukura Russia, iri mudunhu.

Muna 1895 nayo akasika Drevnehranilische. Zvakanga miziyamu yenhau, ane basa - dziviriro uye kudzidza tsika uye nhoroondo nhaka nharaunda. muunganidzwa wake raiva 100 Exhibits muna 1895, uye muna 1914 chakatowedzera kare kusvika 12 zviuru zvinhu.

Muna 1924, ivo mamiziyamu maviri pamwe chete uye akaumba Yaroslavl State Regional Museum. Vaimbove Drevlekhranilishche (Historical uye Archaeological Museum), kuti miziyamu ounyanzvi yekare (yakavhurwa December 1919, Art Gallery), dzinongoitika nhoroondo miziyamu uye tsvakurudzo raibhurari zvaisanganisira wayo sezvamunoita. Akatanga kuzviisa muna 1928 Gubernsky miziyamu zvakanaka.

Somugumisiro, kwakaitika muzana remakore rechi20, vakawanda transformations kuti tsika chinhu awana mamiriro Reserve.

Kuchinja Monastery

In dzakasiyana Architectural ensemble, yaiva kare yemamongi, chiri chikuru miziyamu kwemasimba mubereko kwatiri. Mumwe yakanakisisa mapurani Zvivako munyika yedu ndiyo Spaso-Preobrazhensky wemamonk, yakavakwa muna 1516.

Akarayira kuvakwa Basil III, muchinda mukuru. Basa rinoitwa pasi Moscow chikwata, akatungamirirwa tenzi wokuItaly. Aiva pakati pavamwe reconstructed panguva Moscow Kremlin. The yokutonga Ivana Groznogo murals ndezvaJehovha temberi. Vakanga vakatakura pamusoro 1563 1564. Zviri mumwe maviri hwakawanda huripo Ensemble kuti akakura kupenda, kureva nguva ino, uye oga venguva Attribution (tinoziva mazita vemifananidzo mifananidzo musi). Yakavakwa ine madziro simba muzana remakore rechi16 rezasi chikamu belfry anopa imwe pfungwa pamusoro ichi mhando pezvivako chokuita mavakirwo Ancient Rus. Kuvakwa pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi19, yokumusoro chikamu ine kuona pakakwirira, chete rwayo muna Yaroslavl. Kunoitawo kuti uone vose dzakachengetedzwa cheguta, iyo yaisanganisira mu UNESCO Donongodzo zvinhu yose tsika kukosha.

Refectory nezvimwe zvivako zviri kuchengeterwa

Chokuita 1516 Refectory zvakanzi yakavakwa pamusoro muenzaniso riri Moscow Kremlin Muzinda Zvinowedzera. The Zvivako remakore rechi16, dzakadai Gate Mutsvene, nenhare shongwe Ensemble (pakutanga), chikuru pavanopinda wemamongi, chikamu masvingo ari Ensemble. Pakazosvika zana remakore rechi17 anoti Uglichskaya shongwe, ine kufamba chikuru yokufeva pasi chikamu (izvozvo zvakashanda kufamba kubva Uglich pamusoro Yaroslavskyy posad) uye Bogoroditskaya shongwe huru rakatenderera, iyo, zvichida muna Ages vakatanga nzira.

5 achirova Zvivako ramakore rechi17, vanodada Yaroslavl, tiri chikamu chengetedza ichi. Ivo tsanangura matanho akasiyana-siyana ari kukura Yaroslavl chikoro murals uye temberi mapurani. Ndivo chechi sezvo Nikola Nadeina kurondedzera 1622 (the murals rwaiitwa muna ra1640), Kuberekwa, yakavakwa muna muna 1644 (muna 1682 vakava murals), Eria Muporofita (gore kuvakwa - 1650 ndipo), Ioanna Predtechi, dzaitaurwa Photo pazasi (gore kuvakwa - 1687 vakasuwa murals kwakaitwa 1696 uye 1700 azvaitwa) uye Epiphany (the murals ndiko 1693, uyewo chivakwa pachayo).

Ngatitaurei taura pamusoro zvachose akaunganidzwa, iyo inopa vashanyi ari Yaroslavl Museum-Reserve.

zvakanaka

Pashure ashanyira inoratidzirwa ichi, muchaona chii Fair aiva makore akawanda akapfuura, uye achava zvakananga ubatanidzwe rinonakidza chiito ichi. Unogona kuenda sezvinoita mutengi, mutengesi, barkers, uyewo mamwe vechikamu pamusoro zvakanaka. achava vamwe zvinhu mumaoko enyu. Geary uye steelyards Doll "nesi" uye "kupendwa roora", nezviyero waini uye korenushki, uyewo dzimwe rarities zhinji zvinogona kuonekwa kuratidza ichi.

Zvimwe munhu akambonzwa pamusoro kana akashanyira akanaka pamusoro payo (uye nhasi vanorarama yechokwadi). Sezvineiwo, uye chii manzwiro uye pfungwa evoked neshoko "akanaka" kuti iwe? Chokwadi, ndiko kuchema, mheremhere uye kuseka. "The mhere", nenzira - pfungwa imwe nyanzvi. Saka vatengesi uye hawkers akadana mashoko, uyo vakanga vachitengesa nhumbi. Ko munoziva apo vanhu vakatanga kutenga nokutengesa, uye chii zvigadzirwa vakanga hwakaratidza vaya yekare kutengesa? Mhinduro iyi nemimwe mibvunzo yakawanda uchawana nokushanyira inoratidzirwa ichi, izvo achasuma pedyo tsika maguta Russian akadai Yaroslavl. Reviews zvinoratidza kuti zvichava zvichifadza vose vana nevakuru.

"The kweutongi, dunhu, dunhu"

Ichi chimwe pashoo kucherechedza kuti otaura vashanyi tsika, upfumi uye enyika nhoroondo nharaunda iri nguva kubva rechi16 kusvika rechi19 emakore. Makamuri vatatu akapa kwawakabva munhoroondo zvemaererano iyi. Uchadzidza sei kutarira nguva siyana nzvimbo Yaroslavl, pane hwakanyorwa muna Yaroslavl nharaunda yaitonga Ivana Groznogo, kwakatevedzana nguva Troubles uye "Age Golden" guta (maminitsi 17), pahwaro enyika, uyewo pamusoro uyo akava gavhuna wokutanga.

kuratidzwa ino yepakutanga yakadhindwa uye zvokukopa mabhuku 17-19 emakore, zvombo vavatorwa Russian masoja, zvose-Russian mifananidzo vatsvene uye machinda Yaroslavl, mimwe mifananidzo navapfuri uye vesirivha Jewelers uye zvemumba, iro rinoshandiswa vagere rekare guta sezvo Yaroslavl. Reviews kunoona pashoo chete zvakanaka - pane kuona.

Vashanyi kunze apa, ona-zvikero mari dzakanga yakagadzirwa muguta panguva yavaigara mariri nevarwi Minin uye Pozharsky (kureva muna 1612), apo 4 months Yaroslavl yakava guta duku yose; yakasiyana Swedish mari sangano-ndiro 8 talers vane uremu iri makirogiramu 16 (rinoreva a1659 pagore); uyewo murairidzi huru akaita French vanatenzi ramakore rechi18. chekufambisa ichi kamwe ana Melgunov Alexei Petrovich, wokutanga Gavhuna-General kuti Yaroslavl.

Nguvo maoko, zvirongwa, mepu Yaroslavl, watercoloured, mifananidzo, mapurani Graphics nezvimwe Exhibits zvakajeka zvinoratidza magariro, zvetsika nemagariro nezvematongerwe nhoroondo mudunhu kusvikira remakore rechi19.

"Turika"

Vanopemberera Panovhurwa ichi yakasiyana Monument runobva Musin-Pushkin. Zvisinei, nhoroondo chichikosha anoramba ane chakavanzika nhasi. The rokutanga reShanduro "Shoko" akazviratidza mumatsutso 1800, uye makore 12 gare gare, zvinyorwa iyo Raichengetwa zvakajeka kumusoro, mumba Musin-Pushkin, inopiswa nomoto kuti rakazara guru panguva Napoleon kuti dzokera shure.

"Shoko" iri Yaroslavl vakadzoka rwechipiri. The panze miziyamu muna 1985. The pashoo yakavhurwa, chete rwayo muna Russia. Manor Ilovna - nzvimbo nheyo dzakaiswa muunganidzwa Musin-Pushkin. Nhasi, chete kuvhura Yaroslavl Museum-Reserve, unogona kuona fenicha, mabasa ounyanzvi, mabhuku, uye kufungidzira kuchamuka ichi pamazuva iwayo. Documents, tsamba, zvaiva nechokuita nechitendero ichi, uyewo yokutanga edition, inova husiri nyore kuwana, kupa munhu wose mukana kunzwa pfungwa varidzi dzakaitika kuwanikwa zvinyorwa, kwokumiririra mugumo, patsva, uye, chokwadi, kusafa.

"Icons pakati Yaroslavl of 16-18th emakore"

Ichi chimwe inonakidza zvachose kuratidza. Exhibition kwemifananidzo ari enisaikoropidhiya chaiyo Russian art 16-18 emakore. Yakatarwa uye wokuratidza mifananidzo, dzakadai Deesis weDanho, "Kushanduka Chitarisiko", cheTheotokos, akasika vaiva Yaroslavl uye Moscow vanatenzi. Vakanga vakaita mune 2nd yezana remakore rechi16. Muzana remakore rechi17, sezvo ungayeuka, ichi "Golden Age" pamusoro Yaroslavl. Panguva ino, pane zvave mifananidzo yakawanda -. Ioanna Zlatousta, Eriya, Ioanna Predtechi, uye vamwe Modern Times Art anopa mufananidzo St. Johani Warrior, Martyr George, Arhangela Mihaila. Ivo nokubatanidza zvinofurira zviri Baroque manyorerwo pamwe tsika Yaroslavl kuvake kupenda. izvi zvose unogona kuona kushanyirazve Yaroslavl Museum-Reserve.

Other kuramba uchinzwa

Other zvachose Exhibits ichisanganisira pashoo yaiti "Hexapoda vanatenzi nyika yedu", ndichizivisa dragonflies, kungozvifunga, mhashu, zvipembenene, nyuchi, uye vamwe vamiririri venyika nezvipembenene. "Pfuma yose Yaroslavl" - ndicho chinonyanya kukosha chikamu miziyamu muunganidzwa. kuratidzwa ichi rinopa zvibereko vatenzi Ages Novgorod, Moscow, Yaroslavl, uyewo jewelers nguva yedu. Uchaona pfuma sacristies emakereke uye yemamongi Yaroslavl, mipiro vapfumi vatengesi, dzemo vairemekedzwa uye madzimambo. Wokupedzisira kwemasimba wechigarire - "The Nature of Yaroslavl nharaunda." dhipatimendi zvakasikwa anotaurwa ichi panze Museum, yakatangwa 1865. Nemhaka unyanzvi Kuznetsova, zvakasikwa, taxidermist, miziyamu curator, muvezi uye painter, ari kuratidza kuti awana munhu ano Kutarira. Department of Nature muna 1976, akanga paakavapa zita rake. ekisiposha ichi rinomiririrwa pamwe kunonyanyisa kuzara fauna of yose Yaroslavl nharaunda. Uchawana zvose nemhuka vakararama munguva dzekare, uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka ano. Sezvo chitubu 1992 miziyamu chakaita Bear Masha (bere vanozivikanwa chiratidzo Yaroslavl). Pasi mureza Yaroslavl nharaunda.

miziyamu mapazi

miziyamu ichi ane 3 matavi: Chirangaridzo House Museum Sobinova miziyamu "Cosmos" uye Museum of Military Kubwinya. Toti mashoko mashomanana pamusoro "Space", riri mumusha Nikulskoe.

"Space" Museum

Zvinonzi vakazvitsaurira kuna Valentina Tereshkova. miziyamu Izvi wakazaruka 1975 uye ine zvivako zviviri, izvo ikashandiswa kuva chete kunzwisisa. The chirangaridzo Chikamu - mumwe murimi mudiki kari, rave rakadzorerwa kubudikidza dzeurongwa kupfuura Tereshkova nehama dzake. Zvinowanikwa mumusha unonzi Zvizhinji Maslennikovo iri 1.5? Km kubva Nikulskoe, imba vabereki vake 'isimo, saka yakavakwa farmhouse pamusoro muenzaniso amai kari Tereshkova yababa, apo mhuri akararama munguva yehondo. The kwamagwaro riri muchivako ano, chinangwa akavaka. It inotiudza Valentina Tereshkova nevamwe vagari Yaroslavl nharaunda, izvo zvakaita kuti pave astronautics.