Zvinetso zvepfungwa zveBunin mabasa: kuongorora zvisikwa

Matambudziko efilosofi emabasa eBunin, ekupedzisira echiRussia uye ekare uye, saMaxim Gorky akazvitumidza, "mukuru wezvinyorwa zvemazuva ano," inosanganisira nyaya dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoramba dzakakosha kunyange munguva dzedu dzakaoma dzisingabvumirwi.

Kuora kwenyika yevarimi

Kuchinja muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye hwetsika hwevarimi uye migumisiro inosuruvarisa yemasamorphoses akadaro anoratidzwa munyaya "Musha". Mhare dzebasa iri ndiThoni uye varombo vanozvidzidzisa varoyi Kuzma. Zvinetso zvefilosofi yemabasa aBunin zvinoratidzwa nemanzwiro emifananidzo miviri yakatarisana. Zviito zvinowanikwa pakutanga kwezana remakore, apo nzara uye urombo hupenyu hwomumaruwa pasi pesimba rekushandura pfungwa inouya muupenyu kwechinguva, asi zvakare inopinda mumvura yakadzika dormancy.

Munyori uyu ainyatsoziva nezvekusakwanisa kwevarimi kuti varwise kuparadzwa kwemisha yavo yekuzvarwa, kupatsanurwa kwavo. Dambudziko ravo guru, vaitenda, ndiko kusava kwavo kwekuzvidzivirira, umo maitiro makuru emabasa aya anozivikanwa: "Handigone kufunga, ini handina kudzidza." Uye chiremera ichi, Ivan Bunin chaitenda, chaive chibereko chesfridhi refu.

Mugumo wevanhu veRussia

Zvinetso zvefilosofi yemabasa aBunin zvakashanduka kuva nharo dzinorwadza pamusoro pekupedzisira kwevanhu veRussia. Sekuzvarwa kwemhuri yakanaka, aigara achikwevedzwa nekuongorora kwepfungwa kwevanhuwo zvavo. Mhedzisiro yerudzi rwenyika, maitiro akanaka uye akaipa, akatsvaka munhoroondo yevanhu veRussia. Kwakanga kusina musiyano mukuru pakati pevarimi uye muridzi weimba yake. Uye, kunyange zvazvo vakuru vacho vaiva vatakuri vezvokwadi yepamusoro, munyori nguva dzose aibhadhara mutero wevagari vemunyika mukugadzwa kwenyika yekutanga yeRussia mune zvekunamata.

Rudo uye kusurukirwa

Ivan Bunin musimboti asinganzwisisiki. Nhau dzinonyorwa mukuenda kune dzimwe nyika dzinenge dzichiita zvinyorwa. Rudo kumunyori uyu harusi chinhu chakanguva. Yakanga iri nguva dzose inopesana nechishuvo cheumwe wevarwi, kana pasi pesimba rekuipa. Asi kuparadzana uye kusurukirwa kwomunhu kunonyanya kuoma kune imwe nyika. Zvinetso zvefilosofi yemabasa aBunin zvakare manzwiro evanhu vokuRussia vari kubuda munyika. Munyaya "MuParis" munyori anotaura nezvemusangano wakawanda wevanhu vaviri vari voga vari kure. Vose vari kure neRussia. Pakutanga vanobatanidzwa pamwe nekutaura kweRussia uye kushamwaridzana kwemweya. Kuziva kunokura kuva rudo. Uye kana hutano hunoerekana hwafa, mukadzi, kudzokera kuimba isina chinhu, anonzwa pfungwa yekurasikirwa uye kusina maturo mune zvemweya, izvo zvisingakwanisi kuita kune imwe nyika, kure nenyika yake.

Misoro iyo inobata yakawanda yeRussia mabhuku mumabasa avo inobatanidza nhepfenyuro uye kusvika kune dzimwe nyaya. Muverengi wezuva ranhasi ari pedyo nezvinetso zvefilosofi zvebasa raBunin. Kunyora pamusoro penyaya inobatanidza nebasa romunyori uyu kunobatsira kukudziridza nyika yechipfuva yemudzidzi wechikoro, anodzidzisa kufungidzira oga uye anoita mafungire ekufunga.

Zvinoreva upenyu

Chimwe chezvinetso zvemazuva ano ndezvekuita unzenza. Zvinoratidzika zvisingazivikanwi, zvinokura uye pane imwe nguva zvinotanga kubudisa migumisiro inotyisa. Vanhu uye sangano sevanhu vose vanotambura kubva kwavari. Nokudaro, mumabhuku anodzidzisa kunyanya kubhadharwa kunobhadharwa kune nyaya yakadaro sematambudziko efilosofi emabasa aBunin. Mutsara munyaya inoti "Murume weSan Francisco" anodzidzisa vana kunzwisisa kwekukosha kwezvinhu zvomudzimu.

Nhasi, zvakawanda zviri kubhadharwa kune zvinhu zvenyama izvo vana vemazuva ano, dzimwe nguva, havazivi nezvehupo hwehumwe hutsika. Ifiyofiyo ye munhu asina munhu uyo akareba kwenguva refu uye akaramba achiwedzera pfuma yake, kuti akakanganwa kuona nyika sezvazviri, uye sechigumisiro-kuguma kunorwadza uye kushungurudzika. Iyi ndiyo pfungwa inokosha yenyaya yemumwe mupfumi anobva kuSan Francisco. Kuongorora kwebasa iri kunobvumira vechidiki kutarisa zvakasiyana nemafungiro anotonga nhasi mupfungwa dzevanhu vazhinji. Vanhu vanoratidzira kuti kubudirira uye kubudirira kwepfuma uye, nhamo, kazhinji vanoshanda semuenzaniso wehupenyu husati hwava.

Kuverenga kwemabasa eRussia mabhuku kunobatsira pakuumbwa kwemaonero akanaka ekutsika. Nhaurirano iri pamusoro penyaya inoti "Zvinetso zvepfungwa zvebasa raBunin" Murume weSan Francisco "anobatsira kupindura kunyanya, zvichida, mibvunzo yenyaya dzezvemashoko.

Izana remakore rapfuura rakapa tsika dzekuRussia kubvunzurudza vanyori vanoyevedza. Basa ravo rakava nzvimbo yezvinyorwa zvenyika. Nheyo dzemitemo yemabasa evanyori ava maitiro haazombogoni kupera. Zvinetso zvefilosofi yemabasa eBunin neKuprin, Pasternak neBulgakov, Astafiev naSolzhenitsyn ndiyo inzvimbo yeRussia tsika. Mabhuku avo haafaniri kuita kuti vafarire kuverenga sekuumba nyika yechokwadi uye kubvisa zvinyorwa zvenhema. Mushure mezvose, hakuna munhu akanyatsotaura uye akanyatsotaura pamusoro pezvinhu zvakakosha zvefilosofi zvakadai sorudo, kutendeka uye kuvimbika, sezvinyorwa zvemashoko makuru eRussia.