Zvinoitwa mhiri Siberian njanji, budiriro tarisiro

Trans-Siberian Railway - zvinoshamisa njanji chete wakarebesa kunonoka munyika. Rine yakatangira reEurope chikamu Russia uye anomhanya kuburikidza yakaisvonaka hunhu kuFar East. Pasinei ichi chakanaka chivakwa maoko evanhu, nokusaziva Anoteterera mubvunzo sezvazvakanyorwa akazviratidza uye zvakadini nguva yakati ari kuvakwa ichi "chishamiso pechiteshi nyika"?

History of chivakwa

Zvikuru nguva yakawanda yakanga yakawandisa kuvaka Trans-Siberian Railway. History uye tariro kukura mutsetse uyu zvinoshamisa vakava rutivi Russian tsika yacho. Mugwagwa rakavakwa makore gumi nemashanu. Kubva nguva mukuru Nevel pa muromo Amur River akamutsa Russian mureza, pamiromo wose aiva kuvakwa Trans-Siberian Railway.

budiriro tarisiro kunge inoshamisa. Zvakange zvakafanira zvachose kuti interconnect rakakura expanses yeRussia. Negore regumi namapfumbamwe remakore, izvi wakakurumidza vatengesi, kana vakatanga kukumbira mambo wake. 1886 aiva Watershed: Alexander III chirevo, uye vakatanga kuti akanga akamirirwa kwenguva refu basa rokuvaka.

The kurira pamusoro mapiki vokutanga vakauya munzvimbo Miass. Zvinonzi kuti Ural aifanira kuva amai njanji.

Emperor danho

Hwaro wakaradzikwa zvakarurama dzakarongwa nenzira - Tsarevich Nikolay akadira tsama pasi yakachena njanji pamakwara. Yaiva March 31 anonzi mukuru musi mabasa ekutanga. Nechekare nenguva kudiwa chokufambisa Links yawedzera zvemariro.

Between ivhu idzva Russian uye Moscow vaiva mazana makiromita, uye vagari vari Urals yakawedzera kusvika mamiriyoni matatu. The Hurumende aiziva kuti kunongoda pamwero mukuru njanji mutsetse nokuda pahunhu pakufamba yokukurukurirana.

Tariro huru nekuda kuchiteshi mutsetse

Tarisiro pakuvaka Trans-Siberian Railway chaiva yakakura. Wakabata izvozvo, Alexander III vakatevera ane chinangwa upfumi kwete chete. Ake nzira, aizoda vabudirire nokukurumidza nekutumirwa kwemauto revarwi kuti nePacific Ocean. Asi kwaiva chinangwa dzisina kwete chete.

Nokuuya rejira dzinogona zvikuru upfumi nzvimbo munyika. Russia akakwanisa kuwedzera simba raro Mongolia uye China. All mberi pamwero waiita zvakanaka muna 1886 mugwagwa yasvika Ufa, uye makore matatu gare gare - Chrysostom. Asi munyama kwete zvose zvakanga sezvo kumeso sezvo arovererwe zvinodikamwa.

Zvinetso uye kusava nechokwadi

Kana nzira akamhanya kuburikidza wokutanga pfupi sandara inowanzorimwa, zvino vakatanga anezvimiti, makomo uye mirwi yamabwe akakura. Mamiriro acho ezvinhu akanga Zvinogumbura Zvisinei, mambo haasi kutya. Akanga akatsunga uye asingadi kubvuma chero achivanyengetedza, chisarudzo yakatorwa - munzira achava.
Sezvineiwo, mutsigiri mukuru aiva Chief gurukota rezvemari kwaari, chakanga chakasimba uye wakasimba vachidavira kuti tarisiro yokuti kukura mhiri Siberian njanji zvichaparadzwa ndanyarara hangu kuita zvinotarisirwa.

njanji kuvakwa matambudziko

Construction akatotanga kuwedzera uye muna 1891 mungarava yainzi "Petersburg" njanji okutanga zvifambiswe. Asi akanga asina chete nhumbi ... In Vladivostok vakauya mashanu angaratidza uye mainjiniya. Kuti kwaifanira kuva vavaki rokutanga chikuru racho. Vakawanda vanofungidzira kuti vamwe mwoyo zvinhu kubva nhoroondo chivakwa vakanga zvakavanzika. Basa rakanga kuitwa ezvinhu akaoma, kuti chete kanivhasi panguva akavaka kumabvazuva nokumavirira.

The utsinye uye tsitsi ekunze vazhinji waipedza uye zvikuru zvainonotsa robhoti. Raiva basa kusimba nesimba, kwete zvose vakaramba ... An rikwanise kuperevedza mari, kureva mari yokuvaka, kuwedzera zvikuru mamiriro ezvinhu.

Dambudziko raiva kuti pakutanga dzinounzwa nokuda kuvaka rubles mazana matatu namakumi mashanu mamiriyoni, asi kwapera mwedzi mishomanana zvakava pachena kuti mari zvichava zvikuru zvikuru. Hapana aidavira kuti mari yakadaro zvingaita chero tarisiro mhiri Siberian njanji. Muchidimbu uti - vakatanga austerity: ungaderedza murwi kutapudzwa sleepers, mazambuko dzakavakwa namatanda pachayo yakanga njodzi chaizvo.

mamiriro ezvinhu aya vasingagoni asi kufungisisa nhamba nhepfenyuro - vakava chaizvo kaviri duku pane pakutanga akaronga. Raiva tsananguro chaiye Trans-Siberian Railway. Development tarisiro dzaiva hwakanaka, zvisinei, nokukurumidza zvakava pachena kuti paizova nematambudziko akakura.

Feature mabasa

Uye chokwadi vaiva vechibharo pasina zvinetso. Panguva kuvakwa panguva nokushanda kwacho, nguva dzose, paiva nevanhu vanenge zana chiuru. Pakati pavo vose omunharaunda uye vaenzi.
Vose vaida kudya, kunwa, vaifanira chinhu kupfeka. Hard zvishandiso vakaenda kure. Highway rwakagadzirira noruoko zvachose. Uyai kunzvimbo robhoti venhau dzakavhiringika nezvinhu zvavakaona: vakamira muchiuno-yakadzika iri nematope chando, vanhu zuva rose anotema batana taiga. Ivo maawa gumi pazuva ari chiedza rokwe uye mashanga shangu Dzurwa nemidzi uye stumps.

Trans-Siberian Railway: kurongera ramangwana

Kazhinji, vanhu vanopfuura zviuru makumi maviri nezvishanu Musadzinga chete utano hwavo, asi upenyu pamusoro kuvakwa worusere nechishamiso wenyika. Vakagogodza kunze migumisiro zvemari, zviremera akaridza bhajeti pechiteshi - a rubles goridhe miriyoni nehafu. Munguva yemberi iri pedyo iri vakaronga kudzorerwa kwaro, iro runoonekwa nevakawanda kuchikosha kukanganisa hurumende bhajeti.
The pokupedza pakuvaka zambuko yaiva pedyo Khabarovsk. It rakavakwa pamusoro rwizi Amur. Ndiani angadai akafunga kuti pashure zvose pachava Trans-Siberian Railway. Tariro budiriro uye nzira kuvandudza kunyatsoshanda pechiteshi pasi rinoita nehanya uye kusvikira nhasi. Akanga vavengi vakawanda kudaro uye vavengi vakanga nomwoyo havanzwisisi nei isu ukadyara mari paruzhinji zvikuru ichi inonzi dubious chirongwa Zvisinei, izvozvo kuchiripo munguva pfupi zvichaita kuti substantially kunatsiridzwa.

Matambudziko uye tarisiro okukura mhiri Siberian Railway

Pari, chikuru kushanda njanji - kutakurwa cargoes. Pasina izvozvo, Siberia Handakwanisa kuita izvi pamwero okukura. Nokuda kuchinja zvinhu Trans-Siberian rwizi kuti chaizvoizvo akadira mafuta uye gorosi. Nhasi, vakawanda vakakwanisa rokuongorora zvoupfumi uye inokosha kukosha kuchiteshi mutsetse. Kurishandisa kuenda nechepakati kumatunhu nyika kunogona kuva isingadhuri zvikuru pane dzimwe modes ano yokufambisa.

Zvinosuruvarisa ose gore unogona kuona sei ayo kwezvivako vanokwanisa ipfupi. Zvinova pachena kuti kuchiteshi inoda kwemisha gadziridzo. Zvisinei, nokuuya kwakaita yazvino kuti hachiratidzi dambudziko, zvinokosha kufunga kuti zvakavapo ari XIX remakore uye zvikuru shabby. Ko remangwana Trans-Siberian Railway? Development tarisiro vari kunyanya kungogumira Implementation anoverengeka kwezvivako muzvirongwa muna East ari Kure Eastern kuSiberia.
Uyu kumbonyanya inoshanda mazano kuti ingangowanikwa voga makambani havana mari yakakwana, nokuti kune chokuita nedzimwe njodzi zvemari. Zvisinei, izvozvo ine mikana. Kana mamiriro rubatsiro chirongwa vachaitwa kuti upenyu, zvichava asike vakawanda mabasa uye, naizvozvo, mutero mari kusvika hurumende bhajeti. Maiva zvakadzama characterization pakati ari Trans-Siberian Railway. Tarisiro okukura makuru, asi vachava zvechokwadi?