Zvinoreva musoro yokufungidzira "Fathers uye Sons" (rondedzero munyori Ivan Turgenev)

Mumwe yakakurumbira enganonyorwa pakati IS Turgenev rakanyorwa munguva yemakore 1860-1861, usiku hwokupedzisira ari abolition pakati serfdom. In Russia panguva iyoyo paiva yakachinja, vagari kuchinja uye itsva mafungiro, kurwisana pakati pepfungwa. kunetsana uku kwave akaratidza kuti mhuri Kirsanovs, uyewo rinokosha dambudziko - pavanotaurirana pakati Zvizvarwa vabereki nevana, ". Fathers uye Sons" izvo rakaumbwa zvinoreva musoro yokufungidzira tsanangudzo pfupi pebindu kwaizotevera kuongorora chigadzirwa waanopa chipo pazasi. Zvisinei, unofanira kutanga kushanda kuna rokuremekedza.

Zvinoreva rokuti

Pasina mubvunzo, mubvunzo unokosha kupfuura pamusoro chigadzirwa - ". Fathers uye Sons" zvinoreva wenyaya yokufungidzira rondedzero Turgenev hazvifaniri kududzirwa zvakare chaizvoizvo. Basa Unoratidza mhuri mbiri, madzibaba maviri navana. Asi muviri yokufungidzira haisi rondedzero upenyu hwavo, uye kusiyana pose maonero. Zvinoreva musoro yokufungidzira "Fathers uye Sons" ndechokuti pakati zvizvarwa zviviri nguva dzose pachava kupikisana, vabereki nevana vari inoshora mumwe, akaparadzaniswa nevanhu mibatanidzwa uye tsamba. Kutaura zvazviri, havana dzakaparadzaniswa rakadzikadzika - kota zana kana kupfuura. Panguva penguva iyi anokwanisa kuchinja zvachose zvematongerwo enyika, zvoupfumi, uye zvetsika mamiriro ezvinhu munyika uye, chokwadi, vanhu maonero. Rudzi rumwe anoramba maonero ayo, mumwe - zvinotora pamusoro yayo, uye zvinoitika nguva dzose, anotarira upenyu vabereki nevana kashoma -enderana. With ichi uye akabatanidza zvinoreva rokuti "Fathers uye Sons" yokufungidzira. kunyora IS Turgenev anodzidzisa kuti daka kwakadaro hakuna predrassuditelnogo, ndiko chete kuremekedza chinokosha mumwe kumativi ose, kuremekedza vabereki, kugamuchirwa neKanzuru vakagovana mashoko uye zvishuvo akanaka.

Dzematongerwe iri yokufungidzira

Zvinoreva musoro "Vanababa uye Sons" Turgenev kuti yokufungidzira kunewo chokuita nhengo kwevanakomana uye yamadzibaba zvakasiyana pepfungwa, mumwe parudzi ano. The nganonyorwa rinotaura mhuri mbiri - Kirsanov uye Bazarov - uye akawanda Pfungwa worldviews: kuchinja, rupo, echimurenga-democratic. Zvapedzisira ndohwaJehovha mumwe kiyi inofananidza of yokufungidzira - nihilist, muteveri materialists uye remangwana chiremba German - Yevgeny Bazarov. Bazaar unoitisa huru resonance iri chigadzirwa. Anoti pamwe Kirsanov anodzidzisa Arcadia hama dzake, zvakajeka akashoora psevdonigilistov Sitnikov uye Kukshina, uye ipapo, zvinopesana maonero ake tariro inowira murudo ane chirikadzi akapfuma Anna Sergeyevna Odintsov.

Characterization uye kuongorora magamba

Vaiomerera basa ndivo vabereki Bazarov. Army chiremba uye vaizviita womunda vari akayera mararamiro mumusha make. Ivo akadana ari mwanakomana wake, asi mai hanya kushaya kutenda maari. Asi Bazarovs chokudada Eugene uye kubudirira kwake, vane chivimbo kuti anotarisira remangwana huru yakajeka. Basil Bazarov akati kuti Eugene asina kutora pamusoro hwangu hwose vane Dime kuti mwanakomana wangu chete vanosarudza kutsvaka pachake. Izvi zvinhu zvaizobatsira iye ave simba, andinenge, zvakanaka. chifananidzo kwakadaro kwakafanira kuhupenyu yazvino zera.

Psevdonigilizm Arkady Kirsanov

A shamwari yepedyo Bazarov, Arkady Kirsanov ari kutamburira kutevedza Eugene mu kureurura yake nihilism. Zvisinei, paari, inoratidza kujairika, chakavambwa. Arkady amene kutenda zvizere negation pakunamata. Iye Zvagara kuziva kwavo mberi maonero, akanga pachivande vaidada pachake nokuda zvakavanakira baba vanodiwa - muranda Kirsanovs musha - uye yakajeka kuyemurwa Bazarov. Panguva iyoyowo Arkady dzimwe nguva kukanganikwa, iyo chifukidzo chinowa chake, uye iye anoerekana ati manzwiro ake zvechokwadi. Kunyange sezvo wepachokwadi nihilist, Arkady vo murudo Madame Odintsov, asi vakabva anoda mukoma wake Catherine.

Outlook "vanababa"

Kirsanovs hama - Nicholas uye Paul - vatsigiri liberalism. Nikolai - murume akanaka mupfungwa sangano, zvaanoda nhetembo uye mabhuku, uyewo zvinoita noutano manzwiro kumurandakadzi Baubles wake, musikana-commoner, izvo zvisinei ndiyo mai mwanakomana wake wegotwe. Nikolai Petrovich vainyara rudo rwake nokuda murimi mudiki musikana Zvisinei, uye anoedza kuedzesera zviri kure rusaruro, ane yepamusoro maonero zvose, kusanganisira panyaya kurima.

Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov - huru anokumhan'arira Bazarov mune kusawirirana. Pakati vanhu pakutanga kuona sokuti nezvavasingadi, idzowo kwakakwana pakatarisana nomumwe vose externally uye nechomukati. Landscaped Pavel Petrovich kwaishorwa vakasema panguva pamberi vhudzi uye scruffy nguo Bazarov. Eugene zvakare vanoseka unhu uye affectations Kirsanova, usazeza kushandisa kutsvinya uye zvinorwadza uchibaya muvengi. -Siyana sezvo zvinotaura Shoko guru "musimboti". Bazarov inoti zvinoshamisa uye pakarepo - "pryntsip", apo Kirsanov anononoka anotambanudza nokuisa madudziro emazwi pazuva rokupedzisira mabhii ari French netsika - "nePríncipe". The ukama pakati pavavengi yakasvika yepamusoro kuti debaters kunyange akapfura vari duel. Chikonzero ichi chaiva nokutuka kukudzwa Bazarov Baubles, chaakanga akamutsvoda pamiromo. Pavel Petrovich pachake akanzwa kuti musikana unequivocal tsitsi, uye saka akasarudza kudzivirira zita rake, achidana Bazarov duel. Sezvineiwo, inoguma haana zvinouraya, Kirsanov chete vakapindira vapfurwa gumbo, Eugene uye panguva dzose vakapukunyuka unhurt.

Mienzaniso iyi inoratidza zvachose pakatarisana mafungiro kumarudzi akasiyana uye siyana Pfungwa maonero kune hwokufananidzira upenyu ezvinhu uye kuratidza zvairehwa musoro yokufungidzira "Vanababa uye Sons." Kunyora Turgenev zvakadzika zvikuru kupfuura zvingaita pakutanga kuaona.

Nokupfupikisa, tinogona kutaura kuti vafarire mabhuku vatsoropodzi nhasi uye yapfuura harisi chete zvinoreva wenyaya yokufungidzira "Fathers uye Vanakomana", rondedzero IS Turgenev uyewo zvinoshamisa magamba ayo - chinoumbwa nezvinhu zvakawanda uye zvakawanda, kunzwisisa, asi isingakanganwiki. Mumwe nomumwe wavo chinoratidza tarenda iri munyori, kunzwisisa kwake vanhu anokunyengedzera zvepfungwa.