Zvirwere zvekukanda - sei kuchengetedza kukohwa?

Makaskwi anozivikanwa zvikuru nevarimi. Iko kufadza-kuputsa simba rakasimba uye rasprostovat nyama yake inotapira inonaka! Asi, kufanana nechimwe chimiro chetsika, makomkoro anowanzoita zvirwere. Izvo zvisati zvaitika chikonzero chechirwere chinozivikanwa, kunyanya kunoshanda kuchave kurapwa kwechikomba chirwere, zvinoreva kuti mbeu ichaponeswa uye chibage hachingatambudzi.

Pamusoro pezviyo zvakanyanya pakati pezvirimwa zvinomera, munhu anogona kusiyanisa chirwere chefungal ye white rot. Iyo inobata kwete kwete mapukisi chete, asiwo anyanisi, tomato, celery, kabichi nezvimwe zvirimwa. Kuora kwakachena kunopararira mukati mechirimwa, kunosangana nemuchena mycelium stems, midzi, mashizha. Vegetable tsika inopera, inowira uye inofa. Kupararira kwechirwere ichi kunobatsira kuti kuve kunonaya mamiriro okunze nehupamhi hwemvura, kutonhorera kwemafuro asina kunaka. Kukarukisa chirwere hauna kutungamirira muti kuti ufe, unofanirwa kupfuurira nenzira inotevera. Izvo zvakakosha kuchengetedza mukati mekushisa, uko zvinomera zvakasimwa, iyo yakanakisisa yemhepo uye humhudziro kwavari, uye nguva dzose inoronga kuti iende. Ichando chakanaka chinofanira kucheneswa. Kana chibage chacho chakatogadziriswa nechirwere ichi, zvakakosha kubvisa zvikamu zvayo. Sekukwirira pamusoro pemakucheka mvura ye urea, zinc sulphate nemhangura sulfate zvakakodzera.

Zvirwere zvefungal zvekukanya hazvirevi kuchena kuchena. Anthracnose ndeyezvipembenene zvakafanana zvezvirimwa. Inokonzerawo njodzi kumunda. Zviratidzo zvechirwere ndezvamavara emuchena mutsvuku, unoonekwa pamashizha nematope, pamwe chete nemaronda mucous pamusoro pezvibereko zvemakango. Somugumisiro, vanotanga kuora, vanokanganiswa. Sezvo nzira dzekudzivirira dzinofanira kusarudzwa pakudyara mbeu chete kubva pamichero ine hutano, shandisa mumuchero wekuchenesa se-bleach disinfectant. Masara emiti, kunyanya avo vane zvirwere zvekukomba, inofanira kuparadzwa nokukurumidza. Zvakakosha kutarisa michero inobatwa nefungus panguva yekufamba kwenguva uye panguva yekusarudzwa kwemichero yekudyara muvhu. Kuchengetedza kubuda kwebhakitiriya (patchiness isina kumira) zvinomera hazvifaniri kudyarwa zvakanyanya. Nokudzivirira, vanogona kurapwa neBordeaux fluid, mineral fertilizer ine potassium.

Mukuwedzera kune zvirwere zvinokonzera fungal zvinowanika mumakuchu uye zvirwere zvehutachiona. Izvi zvinosanganisira mifananidzo yakawanda. Somugumisiro wekuonekwa kwahwo pamashizha emiti kune mavara emuchena mutema. Nokuda kwekugadziriswa kwechirwere chirwere kana kudzivirira kwayo, zviyero zvinotevera zvinoshandiswa: kuongorora nguva dzose yemiti uye kuongorora zviratidzo zvayo. Zvakakosha kubatana nekuchengetedzwa kwezvirimwa. Mhinduro yegorosi yemuchindwe nehuni zvinokodzera kupfira mbeu. Zvisungo zvinofanira kutorwa muchiyero chegirasi rimwe kune rimwe bhakiti remhinduro. Chirwere chinotyisa ndiyo midzi yakaora, inogona kuparadza simiti. Pakati pezviyero zvekudzivirira zvinogona kurondedzerwa sezvinotevera: kunwisa makomikari nemvura inodziya, kuvhara mumagetsi evhu, kusunurwa kwezvinhu zvakasimwa zvinomera. Basal chikamu chemakungu inofanira kusaswa nemarasha.

Iko kune zvirwere zvinozivikanwa zvekukanda miche, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kurufu rwezvirimwa. Somuenzaniso, powdery mildew. Inoratidzika semucheka mutsvuku pamashizha. Kuti uzvidzivirire, unofanirwa kutarisa kutenderera kwehupupuri kune zvirimwa zvemiti, zvimwe zvinomera zvakadyarwa munzvimbo imwe. Nokucherechedza matanho aya ekudzivirira, zvinokonzerwa kuchengetedza mbeu uye nekuchengetedza chibereko chakawanda chemakango.