1 World Trade Center (Freedom Tower): tsananguro, nhoroondo

1946. China anotarisira imwe hondo itsva yevagari. Japan achiri havagoni kusimuka kubva pakurwiswa anotyisa yenyukireya. Europe raisangoita ungwandangwanda. Zvino United States? In America, zvose kwazvo: Dollar vakaziva mari dzakawanda, pane kusikwa UN uye World Bank, anotanga kuvaka zvivako zvitsva. US anotarisira kuti nokukurumidza vachava rune simba uye "podozhmut" by yose.

Zvegore, nemasimba ngazvive, kureva basa reNew York, buda aine panyaya kuvaka World Trade Center iri Lower Manhattan - World Trade Center 1. Ivo vanoti nyika post-hondo kuchaita kuitisa tengeserana dzakawanda. Asi ichi chaitadzisa Hondo Yemashoko: Russian nehondo rakasimba munyika munyika kuwana maatomu bhambu, achikanda ane nechando kutarira kuna Europe uye kusimbisa ushamwari naye Asia: kubatsira vokuKorea kugumisa hondo uye waakaita zvechigarire ukama hwavo naye China. Panguva iyoyo vokuAmerica uye tine kumbosendeka kuvakwa WTC nokusingaperi.

Nhoroondo kwaita mapatya shongwe

Mukuru mapurani the World Trade Center somunhu fungidziro kuti zuva rimwe ivo projected kuvakwa kuchaita kuridza yenhamo basa nokuda United States. Minoru Yamasaki akanyora kuti, kana zvichibvira, "ndingadai kugadziriswa mapurani dzakatarisana ini, afunge nhurikidzwa imwe dzimba."

Zvakatanga pamusoro chirongwa of Director of New York Harbor August Tobin - ari 46 remakore rapfuura aisa mberi panyaya kuvaka World Trade Center 1. kungoda kutaura, aida kusika chinhu kuti aizounza zvakawanda mari.

Legislatures kupa mvumo nokuda kuvaka 21 zvivako pamahombekombe of East River - ndiyo nyika rwevharanda Office. Zvinonzi kuva chirongwa, uye kana aiva akagadzirira (muna 1949), mumwe wazvo gwaro wakasuduruka.

Pakati pezana remakore 1950s dzakabudirira chirongwa anoona David Rockefeller. Chete mamwe chinangwa chake - kudzorerwa rezasi chikamu Kukwezva reGuta New York (Manhattan). Muna 1958 takatanga kuva chirongwa kuwedzera mabhizimisi basa, uye muna 1960 akatanga ari kunyatsoongorora chirongwa World Trade Center. Sezvazvakanyorwamo, zvakaoma zvinofanira riri 53 hectares venyika pasitendi Port Authority, uyewo paiva 300-mutinhimira inoratidzirwa horo, takakombwa 50- uye 70-storey muhotera uye hofisi. Entertainment akanga inopiwa, zvakadai mitambo, mumaresitorendi uye zvitoro. Asi muna September 1962 akagadzwa mukuru mapurani (Minoru Yamasaki), izvo akaita basa hwokupedzisira kunze, uye muna 1965 akatanga kuvaka.

Yamasaki akaita zvimwe kuchinja: iye zvizere vakaramba zvinoita pakuvaka rimwe boka zvivako uye pfungwa kuti vasarudze maviri mapatya shongwe 80 storeys kureba. It vakatevera kuti zvakakosha kuchinja zvachose magadzirirwo. Zvisinei, zvose zvakaitika nokukurumidza: mukupera 1970, vakatasva ari topmost chedziviriro kutsigira mamiriro ari yomutambo mhepo, uye muna 1973 chivako akaiswa kushanda.

Events September 11, 2001

Makore anenge 30 World Trade Center mapatya mabasa vari kumusoro munyika. Dambudziko rokutanga yakaitika musi February 26, 1993. Pazuva iri, riri pasi North Tower, rine pevhu motokari Park wechipiri, akanyemwerera rori umo bhomba rakasimwa. Omar Abdel-Rahman (the Islamist mutungamiri uye murongi nemagandanga chiito) aitarisira kuti shongwe ichatanga kuparara uye anobata wechipiri, kureva, kuparadzwa kwakakwana nhurikidzwa dzakawanda. Asi miscalculated - unyanzvi mapurani zvakasikwa dzivisa. Vakaurayiwa pokuwa sesimbi 6 vanhu, kukuvara vanenge 1,000, imba iri ndarega kushanda zvachose.

maminitsi 102 - yakaipisisa muna 2001. Just hafu yeawa, uye World Trade Center 1 akarega kuvapo. At 8:46 am ndege pamwe nemagandanga vaivamo rammed shongwe rokutanga, uye pane 10:28 imwe "Boeing" - wechipiri, uye avo nemasekonzi zvinotyisa vakabatwa pavhidhiyo. Chiito ichi ugandanga ndiko kuri munhoroondo yevanhu. vanobatwa ake vaiva vanhu vanenge 3000, mumwe 24 vakanga vasimo.

chivakwa revitalization

November 21, 2006 yaiva zuva apo dzakatanga Danho rokutanga yekuvaka ano WTC 1. chirongwa ichi vakatora nguva yakawanda uye mari - anenge $ 4 billion uye 7 Makore (sezvo baba wayo, iyo rakaparadzwa September 11, 2001). Kukwirira shongwe iri 541 meters (pamwe nechiredzo, kurema kwayo matani anopfuura 700). Nhasi, ichi mapurani zvakasikwa chirefu kupfuura muNew York, muUnited States uye rose Western Hemisphere.

Panzvimbo avo apo kamwe vakamira mapatya shongwe, chirangaridzo 2 vakanga kuiswa iri mumudziyo chakagadzirwa girenayiti, uye pamusoro mukomberedzo dzakafukidzwa mahwendefa endarira akanyorwa mazita vakafa. Ivo dziri chaipo apo nheyo dzakaiswa kuti muzvivako. Zvino World Trade Center 1 riri kumadokero pakona nzvimbo. Zvakaratidza kuti zvivako zvitsva sezvazvakanyorwa akapoteredzwa Ground Zero (chokurangaridza).

Zvinoitwa rechivako ano

World Trade Center 1, kana Freedom Tower, ndiye zvokutenga uye chivako chemahofisi. Chidziro chisingazununguki zvakasimba nowenyika ayo vamutangira. Zviri nyore zononoka chivako chine spire guru pamusoro. Zvinonzi glazed kunze uye mukati chinokosha kunounza kukura vaenzi. Room kukwirira ndiyo 24 m, uye nokudaro rinopa kuwana mahofisi, maresitorendi, mashoko nzvimbo uye kuratidza dzokusanganira.

The pevhu chikamu nepokuongorora vaenzi, zvakabatanidzwa kuchiteshi mitsetse uye dzomumaguta pevhu. Panguva pamusoro Chokwadi, maresitorendi, anopa dzinokatyamadza nzvimbo dzokuona. Uyewo ari yokumusoro chechetere pane kuona platforms. Rezasi chikamu Freedom Tower iri mudungwe pamwe girazi prismatic chimiro, uye musoro - rwebhuruu.

Vamwe dzinonakidza zvinhu

• Vazhinji bhajeti akaitirwa nechokwadi yakachengeteka mune chiitiko ane kurwiswa nemagandanga.
• Muna 1776 nayo rakagamuchira Declaration of Independence, kuUnited States. Kuvaka kukwirira - 1,776 netsoka, uye hazvina tsaona.
• Glass ukomba, izvo vakasarudzwa kuva cladding zvinhu, achidzikisa operative mari kubudikidza 20%, nekuti nemhaka kwavari mukati akazara dzinongoitika chiedza.
• Memorial kuvanhu vakaurayiwa kana kuona kana dzakaparara kwokutanga nhurikidzwa dzakawanda pamusoro Manhattan, maererano nokufungidzira siyana, vakawanda akashanyira, asi basa paakatsoropodzwa nokuda guru mutengo uye kushaya aesthetics.

Zvaunofanira kuziva kuti vashanyi?

Chero uchimuratidza New York inosanganisira kushanya kune World Trade Center 1. Munogona kuwana pachavo. Mari kubvuma kuti akataurwa uriri anenge $ 30. Sezvo dzimwe nyika uye maguta akawanda, unogona kutenga New York Pass uye kushanyira kutsvakwa nzvimbo dzako zvose (kusanganisira WTC 1) vakasununguka.

Nemaonero The Tower Liberty (New York, Manhattan) vari 100, 101 102 zvese. Tora Kasira elevators, izvo akatasva parusvingo anoratidza, achiratidza nzendo kukura muguta kwayo "kukura."

Akapiwa anotyisa nenjodzi yakaitika panzvimbo ino kwemakore 15 apfuura, vanhu vakawanda vanotya kushanyira World Trade Center 1. Kana chivako akaiswa kushanda, varidzi tave takamirira varimi kuti kwakavakirwa - vanhu vashoma chaizvo vaida kutora kuti ngozi. Asi sezvo imi munoziva, projectile anosuwa chete fanera kaviri, uye ndinovimbawo kuti ichi achava zvakadaro.

World Trade Center 1 - ugandanga norudaviro

1 WTC haasingori yakanaka mapurani chinhu ane Panoramic kuona papuratifomu. Uyu mukana wakakwana kupindura dzakawanda ugandanga, uyewo nzvimbo kukudza kuyeuka vanhu vakafa. Modern New York kuvaka imwe huru zvinokwezva zvinonyanya dzinowanzoendwa veko uye vashanyi.