Hondo Yemashoko. matanho Its uye magumo

"Hondo Yemashoko" raiva yose muchiuto, geopolitical uye zvoupfumi nebope pakati Soviet Union uye United States of America , achitsigirwa vatsigiri siyana kumativi ose. Kurwisana uku kwakatora anenge makumi mashanu nemakore (kubvira 1946 kusvika 1991).

"Hondo Yemashoko" haisi hondo uto iri truest mupfungwa. The hwaro gakava yaiva dzidziso mbiri marudzi simba kupfuura zvenyika panguva. Izvi kupikiswa Vanotsvakurudza inozivikanwa se yakadzama zvikuru kupokana pakati mugovanisi uye capitalist gadziriro. Hazvina yokufananidzira chokwadi chokuti "hondo inotonhora" vakatanga pakarepo mushure Second World War, izvo zvakazoita zvose nyika vaiva vakundi. Uye sezvo munyika panguva iyoyo akanga hunodzorwa panyatwa, akasika akakodzera mamiriro nokuda kusundwa pamusoro zhinji nzvimbo yaro utariri muenzaniso nevanhu. Asi, zvinosuruvarisa kuti United States neSoviet Union panguva iyoyo vakasiyana pfungwa, saka mumwe divi vangada kuti mberi ane anokumhan'arira uye kuti yakakura, apo vanhu havana kuziva chii kutenda uye kurarama nekukurumidza kuparadzira dzidziso dzavo. Somugumisiro, vanhu vakarasikirwa chivimbo anoti uchava Kumukundi renyika uye Munoipfumisa kuburikidza zvavo evanhu uye zviwanikwa.

Standoff rino rakakamurwa muzvikamu "Hondo Yemashoko", pakati dziri zvinotevera:

- Home (1946-1953 gg.). danho iri rinogona inozivikanwa se yokuedza of USSR uye US kubata chiitiko rokutanga Europe, izvo zvaizoita kutungamirirwa Kubhururuka yacho dzidziso. Somugumisiro, kubva 1948, ave akaturika pamusoro nyika mukana imwe hondo itsva, saka vose hurumende yakatanga nokukurumidza kugadzirira hondo itsva.

- On vatarisana hondo yenyukireya (1953-1962 gg.). Panguva iyi, hukama pakati vavengi akavandudzika zvishoma uye akatotanga kuita ushamwari kushanyira mumwe. Asi panguva ino nyika dzokuEurope mumwe akatanga kuchinja kuti kutarisira kunyika yavo. USSR nokushingaira kubvisa nenyonganyonga vakatanga kubhomba kunetsana kwakatanga. The United States vaisagona kubvumira madiro kwakadaro muvengi uye vakatanga kuchinja zvavo mhepo kudzivirira hurongwa. Somugumisiro, ukama hwakaipa zvakare.

- buditsa danho (1962-1979 gg.). Panguva iyi, kuti simba iri anorwisana nyika vakauya vatongi yakawanda kuchinja vasingakurumidzi kunyanya kuda kutungamira chinoshingaira nharo, izvo zvinogona zvakanaka kutungamirira hondo.

- A itsva kunhivi yokurwisana (1979-1987 gg.). Akatevera Danho rakatanga mushure Soviet Union akatuma mauto Afghanistan uye vakagogodza kakawanda nokuda yevagari ndege vavatorwa nendege pamusoro mamiriro. Izvi zviito hasha makatsamwisa US kuitira kuti ivo vakaisa dzavo chitundumuseremusere launchers munharaunda nyika dzinoverengeka muEurope, izvo, chokwadi, chakatsamwisa Soviet Union kare.

- The kuuya nesimba Gorbachev uye kuguma yokurwisana (1987-1991 gg.). The itsva mutongi Soviet aisada kuramba kundorwa ive dzematongerwe mune dzimwe nyika dzokuEurope. Kunyanya nokuti Mutemo wake zvainanga kuchaitwa yeutongi hurumende, waiva muvambi enyika uye zvoupfumi udzvanyiriri of US divi.

The kuguma "hondo inotonhora" kuratidza kuti Soviet Union akabvuma mikuru zvichemo, uye kunyanya pasina kutaura kuti simba iri Europe, kunyanya sezvo vakakunda nyika vakabviswa nyonganyonga uye akatanga kukura vakazvimiririra. The Soviet Union akatanga kuona kwakadzama dambudziko kuti akatungamirira muna December 1991 kusvika kwokupedzisira disintegration of Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Nokudaro, "hondo inotonhora" asina kwakatobatsira kuti nyika yedu, uye akava mumwe zvinhu zvakazoita kuti pokuwa guru mamiriro.