Abducens: rondedzero anatomi, mabasa uye zvinhu

Abducens chokuita midziyo kuti anoita sangano kwemaziso. basa rake hapana saka rinorema sezvo oculomotor, asi iri nyaya kurasikirwa basa, kugona kuona kusvika chakarasika. Nokuti ushamwari ziso sangano anofanira kuva tsandanyama nhanhatu dziri innervated vatatu cranial tsinga.

anatomi

Abducens chokuita wakachena motokari tsinga. It kunotanga musimboti, riri munzvimbo midbrain. Fibers mhiri zambuko kusvika basal pose uropi uye mberi mune muforo pakati pakati pons uye chepiramidhi, iri medulla oblongata.

Core pezvakaitwa nomunyika lining uropi uye vari cavernous sinus. Ikoko fibers iri rokunze kurutivi carotid tsinga. Pashure tsinga akasiya sinus, achipinda muimba orbital kutsemuka uku uye pakupedzisira muwisira muchadenga. Abducens innervates chete tsandanyama rimwe - yakananga kudivi.

shanda

Abducens inopa chete basa, izvo anoita mhasuru innervated navo, uye anobvisa ziso outwards. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti tarisa, pasina kutendeukira musoro wake. Uyewo tsandanyama iyi antagonist ari womukati rectus tsandanyama ziso kuti kuminyuka yeziso kusvika nepakati, nenzira mhino. Ivo kanzura mumwe kunze.

Zvisinei, pamwe kukundwa romumwe wavo, pane convergent kana yakashatiswa mumufambiro strabismus, sezvo mhasuru utano kudzora uye nokuveza, tenderera yeziso padivi rake. Abducens kaviri, saka akapa ushamwari ziso kufamba uye binocular chiratidzo.

kudzidza

Ongorora kwadzo abducens wayo mashandiro panguva kuitika padariro kukura mushonga hazvibviri. Naizvozvo, neurologists uye ophthalmologists amutsvaka kamwe ose matatu tsinga: oculomotor, nzira yokubudisa uye chidhina. Izvi zvinopa mufananidzo zvikuru zvakakwana kukundwa.

Kazhinji kunotanga zvichemo nechaanoona kaviri, iyo kunosimbiswa kana kutarira njodzi divi. Zvadaro pane kuona vaongo- chiso murwere kuti asarudze symmetry kwayo, kuvapo pakazvimba, akatsvuka, uye zvimwe zvinoratidza kushoma. Pashure paizvozvo, mumwe yoga kudzidza neziso protrusion kana yokururamisa yeziso, ptosis rokumusoro fungiro.

Achifananidza runodiwa kufara vadzidzi uye pavakapiwa chiedza (kana kwete ushamwari), convergence uye pokugara. Convergence - kukwanisa dzifunge pedyo zvinhu. Kuti asimbise payo, penzura kana nenyundo kuuya mhino. Kazhinji vadzidzi zvinofanira kujekesa. pekugara kudzidza yakaitwa neziso rimwe vachiravana, asi maererano unyanzvi, rinotiyeuchidza tarisa convergence.

Chete pashure rokutanga manipulations izvi zvose dziongorore murwere ane squint. Uye kana zvakadaro, chii chaiva. Zvadaro bvunza munhu kuchengeta ziso wabuda muromo chetsinga sando. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti huwandu kwebasa eyeballs. Rakavapa nenyundo zvakanyanyisa pfungwa munda maonero uye vakabata nayo munzvimbo iyi, chiremba chinokurwadzai chitarisiko chinjikira nystagmus. Kana murwere ane zvokurwara ziso tsandanyama hurongwa, asi pathological nystagmus (diki chinjikira kana wehunyambiri ziso kufamba) anozviramba refu.

The kukundwa of abducens

Sezvo nechakare, vachisimudza ziso etsinga ndiye anokonzera kwezana yeziso chokunze kubva mhino. Kukanganisa tsinga conduction kunotungamirira nokuvhiringidzirwa ari kufamba ari rakananga lateral tsandanyama. Izvi zvinokonzera convergent strabismus nokuti kuti dzomunyika tsandanyama kuminyuka yeziso. Akaora, rinoita chiono kaviri kana nenzira nesayenzi, diplopia. Kana murwere anoedza atarire nedambudziko divi, chiratidzo ichi ari kuwedzera.

Dzimwe nguva pane zvimwe pathological mananara. Somuenzaniso, vertigo, gait kuvhiringidza uye dzidziso zviri muchadenga. Kuti aone zvakanaka, varwere vanowanzotevedzera kufukidza murwere ziso. Kukundwa chete abducens zvikuru zvisingawanzoitiki, sezvinoita mutemo, vasanganiswa zvokurwara.

Zvenyukireya uye peripheral kuremara

Neuropathy abducens mu circumferential chikamu chawo kunoitika muna yomumuzongoza, kuzvimba paranasal sinuses, cavernous sinus thrombosis, intracranial aneurysms chidimbu kubva carotid tsinga kana posterior kutaura tsinga, mitswe yeDehenya nechigadziko kana orbital anomera. Uyezve, chepfu migumisiro iri zvanga zvine utachiona uhu uye diphtheria zvinogonawo kukuvadza uropi zvivako, kusanganisira cranial tsinga. Flaccid kuoma abducens zvinogoneka sezvo panguva mastoiditis. Varwere akacherechedza Gradenigo chirwere: abducens paresis ziso pavanoparidza marwadzo panguva mbudo nzvimbo frontal bazi iri trigeminal etsinga.

Kakawanda, renyukireya kutyorwa kuitika tikafunga encephalitis, neurosyphilis, multiple sclerosis, ropa, mapundu kana chirwere kusagadzikana chepfungwa kutenderera. Sezvo zvinoyerera uye uso tsinga dziri parutivi, kukundwa mumwe, inokonzera zvokurwara uye yakavakidzana. Kune vanonzi rakatumbuka fauvillers syndrome (paresis chechiso tsandanyama pamusoro zvakakanganisa divi richikwidibira kufamba mune imwe hafu kurutivi hunde).

bilateral mafambirano

Paresis of abducens kumativi ose hwakaratidzwa convergent strabismus. Ichi chirwere kunoitika kakawanda aine kuwedzera intracranial kumanikidzwa. Kana uwandu doro uchiita, zvingava dislocation uropi, kureva kudzvanya nyaya uropi kunzvimbo yakatenuka mujinga ari dehenya. Muchiitiko chakadaro nyore kutambura abducens. Unongova munzvimbo ino dziri pamusoro yepazasi pemvura uropi uye anenge asina kudzivirirwa.

Pane dzimwe pfungwa dislocation kuti kuratidza zviratidzo zvakafanana:
- indentation ndimbo occipito-remuromo reDhura fanera;
- impaction of cerebellum muuropi nezvimwe nechikepe.

Havasi inowirirana upenyu, saka kuvapo kuvadza abducens - nayo Pathoanatomical mutsara. Uyezve, zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti kusava nesimba lateral rectus tsandanyama - ndiwo mumwe zviratidzo myasthenia gravis.