Binocular chiratidzo somunhu yakaoma muitiro

Binocular chiratidzo chinhu nani kunzwisisa kwacho, mugumisiro chiri zvinogoneka chete achibatsirwa kushanda panguva imwe chete mukuona vose, uye ziso netsandanyama. Mukuwedzera, muna nedanho binocular chiono zvinotora zvakananga kuuropi cortex, akapa zvakafanira anonongedzera kuti tsandanyama ziso uye ziso anotenderera. The panowanikwa binocular chiono kunoitika panguva confluence maviri monocular mifananidzo kupinda chimwe. Somunhu mumwe nomumwe, mumwe nomumwe ziso munhu anoona chimwe chinhu kubva kumaonero akasiyana siyana. Naizvozvo, mufananidzo chinhu nechimwe ziso anogara laterally zvaizopedza hama kune mumwe. Fani iyi inonzi "disparity". Kune Chiitiko pamuchinjikwa-disparatsii kuonekwa ne binocular chiratidzo uye ndiyo hwaro yakadzika. With mumwe ziso murume anogona chete kwazvo nehasha kufungidzira rose kudzika akapoteredza nzvimbo. Izvi zvinogoneka chete pane imwe Linear, mhepo kana chiedza run. Saka, zvinonzwisisika kuti nei binocular chiratidzo uye monocular Chiono zvakasiyana panyaya yevanhu manzwisisire yepamusoro-dimensional matatu mifananidzo dzedunhu nzvimbo.

The-dimensional matatu omumwe nzvimbo panguva monocular chiratidzo zvikuru vasina kukwana. Somuenzaniso, vanza ziso rimwe utore neimwe ruoko penzura. Zvino vanoedza kuunza mazano nepenzura mumwe nomumwe. Kunenge kuti usvike zvakanaka kokutanga. Binocular chiono kunoita kuita oparesheni ichi kushanda pasina chinhu nesimba. Mukuwedzera, zvakaratidzwa nameso maviri yekudyidzana anowedzera kuti kudzokorora nzvimbo, riri basa nani kutarisana acuity ziso rimwe, uye aikanganiswa nechiedza, kunyanya kune simba. Uyezve, binocular chiratidzo kunobatsira kubvisa bofu makwapa kushanda uye compensates kuti unhu chiratidzo kana kamwe kukuvara ziso rimwe.

Anokosha pfungwa iri Implementation rwerudyi binocular chiratidzo ari kunyatsoongororwa kuwana basa uye kuramba matauriro ziso tsandanyama womunhu. nomwero uye kuwirirana mubasa ziso tsandanyama anonzi - "ortoforiya".

Asi kunewo kutyorwa nepakati ichi, izvo kuitika kazhinji uye rinotaura anenge 75% vanhu vakuru, ukuwo, pamberi hwakanaka binocular zvaakaratidzwa. kusaenzana ichi vari yakavanzwa nokuvhiringidzirwa ziso tsandanyama, inonzi "Heterophoria". Heterophoria rakakamurwa mhando mbiri. Izvi "esophoria" - the rutapudzo of kutarisana akabatana. A yechipiri mhando - "exophoria" - kuti propensity yokukudziridza ruminant ziso namasanhu.

Kudzidza binocular chiratidzo

Zvinoreva basa binocular chiratidzo projected mifananidzo zvinhu panguva iyoyo kure kubva maziso yakasiyana zvikamu retinas zvameso kuruboshwe uye zvakarurama. Fungidzira kuti pamberi penyu pamusoro porusvingo riri dema denderedzwa mapepa. In zvinoitirwawo zvaonekwa kutarisana ziso mitsetse ari dema denderedzwa, mufananidzo wake chero nyaya muwisira nechepakati fossa. Kana, somuenzaniso, pane zvinhu kuti vari kure kubva ziso zvakafanana dema denderedzwa, nezvifananidzo izvi zvinhu kuwira pamusoro the retina nemaziso vaviri panguva equidistant kubva pakati.

In nedanho binocular chiratidzo chinonyanya kukosha ndezvokuti kwakarurama kwomudzimu ziso netsandanyama. Vanopa kuramba convergence pamwe sangano iri eyeballs, uyewo zvinonyatsochengeta kudzora chemabhazi uye Kuda kutamba nameso vaviri panguva yasarudzwa pfungwa iri muchadenga. Kana ortoforii, kana pakuenzanisa ziso tsandanyama zvirire zvakakwana, hakuna matambudziko inokosha. Panguva iyoyowo, pane vanhu vanotambura siyana Heterophoria, akadai strabismus.

Paumbwe hwomwana binocular chiratidzo kunoitika munguva mitatu yokutanga muupenyu. Kana mwana achangozvarwa, iye asati vaiva mhando maonero akadaro.

Quality binocular Chiono abudirire kuti vanhu ounyanzvi hwokugadzira vazhinji. Zvikurukuru, zvinokosha kuti vanhu vane basa iri chaiwo Kufambisa munzvimbo dzakapoteredza, somuenzaniso, vanachiremba vanovhiya nezvimwe ounyanzvi hwokugadzira zvakafanana, biathlon vatambi, vatyairi, zvechiuto, etc. Studies vane binocular chiono kunoramba kuitika, nekuti vanogona zvikuru kukosha mushonga pakurapa siyana zvirwere ziso.