"Ikoko, pakati pampas ..." Chii chinonzi pampas?

Maererano nemunyori Nadezhda Teffi, pampas dzaizivikanwa pamasango avo. Uye J. Rousseau, uyo akazivisa shanduro yakakurumbira "Dzokera Kunhu," dzimwe nguva achidanidzira achiti: "Dzokera kuPampas!" Mumwe munhu anonyanya kuzivikanwa - nyanzvi yezvinyorwa Ostap Bender inogadzira mifananidzo yakaedza yemamiriro ekunze. Mune pampas yake, "iyo mhuka dziri kumativi ose ...", baobabs vari kukura uye kushushikana kwakakomba kuri kuputika pakati pePirate, Creole uye cowboy. Saka, zvinorevei - pampas? Ndezvipi zvakasiyana nezvazvo?

Pampas Inoshamisa yeZvikumaodzanyemba kwenyika

Pasi redu pane nzvimbo imwe chete, kusanganisa runyararo rwakazara uye mamiriro ekunze kwegungwa, naizvozvo nzvimbo iyi yakakura yakave yakakosha kune vanyori vekuSouth America. Iyi ndiyo inonzi pampa , inopoteredzwa neAtlantic Ocean uye Andes, yakafukidzwa nemiriwo ine uswa. Pamupu, pampas inzvimbo yakasvibirira nzvimbo munzvimbo dzemazuva ano - Argentina, Uruguay uye chikamu chiduku cheBrazil.

Kutanga uye zvinoreva izwi pampas

Ko shoko rokuti pampas rinorevei? Duramazwi anopa tsanangudzo dzakawanda dzakasiyana dzesymology yake. Semuenzaniso, shanduro ye-pre-revolutionary yeDiction of Foreign Words yakanyorwa naA. A. N. Chudinov inomutsa ichi chinyorwa kusvika mumutauro wePeruvia, umo maanotaura pachena. Mabasa emazuva ano emitauro uye vanyori vanyori vese vari kubatana: pampas ishoko rechiSpain, chizhinji chemazwi kubva pane zita rokuti "steppe". Uye muchiSpanish, zvichida, zvakaonekwa sekukwereta kubva mumutauro weQuechua. Nokudaro, zvinoreva izwi pampas ndizvo zvinotevera: ndiro zita rekugara kwenzvimbo munzvimbo dzakasvibirira dzeSouth America, iyo yose yenzvimbo mumapani, steppes, solonchaks. Nenzira yavo pachavo, izvi zvinotapira zvakanaka: kwemazhinji gore iro pampas inoratidzika sevhu mhandara, yakavharwa nehutete hwakareba uswa. Sezviri pachena, saka chirwere chechidiki chakadzokororazve nzvimbo iyi nenzira yayo. Mashoko okuti "pinda pampas" ane zvinoreva zviviri: "dhakwa, kurasikirwa musoro wako" uye "kuvanza kubva pakuona, kurasikirwa kune vamwe, kusiya boka".

Inzvimbo inozivikanwa yeInternet "Electronic Pampas" ine mabasa akanaka ekunyora kwevana (vezera rose!). Chii chinonzi pampas munyaya iyi? Icho chiratidzo chekusingaperi kwekugadzirira, mitambo, mavambo uye fantasy!

Nhoroondo yekukunda pampas

Vasati vauya nevaSpanish vaKoloni muzana remakore rechi16, upenyu hwemapasita hwakanaka hwemamiriyoni hwakabuda murugare uye zvine mwero, maererano nezvakasikwa. Vagari vomunharaunda - veQuechua vaIndia - vakanga vachirwisana nevanokunda, asi pasinei nekurwisana kunorwadza, tsika dzeEurope dzakanga dzichiri kudyarwa, uye vagari vemunyika mavo vakanga vaparadzwa. Ndeipi pampas yevaIndia? Nzvimbo dzakawanda dzezvisikwa zvepasi, nyika inobereka ... Muzvinyorwa zvevanhu vomunharaunda yeSouth America, pampas inofananidzira hupombwe hwehupenyu uye panguva imwechete utera hwayo, kusakosha kwehupenyu huripo husingaperi.

Kwemazana emakore adarika ekusimbisa pampas, mazai eko akave akasiyana zvakasiyana, nokuti kune veEuropean colonizers aya steppes akanga ari imwezve iyo inowedzera kuwedzera uye kubudirira mune ramangwana. VaSpain vakauya navo kwete chete mweya unoshushikana netsika dzekurima, asiwo mombe, mazai aifanira kunge aive muSouth America kusvikira panguva iyoyo. Iye zvino vanobatanidzwa nemweya wePampas: kufudza mapoka ezvipfuwo, kumucheto kweAndes, uswa pamatope uye mugwagwa ... Uye pane imwe nzvimbo, munzira imwe chete inozivikanwa, mutasviki wea gaucho, wedzinza reSpanish neIndia, gallops. Mazuva ano Criollo mabhiza anewo feral dzinza dzezviitiko zvechiSpanish zvinokwana.

Zvisikwa uye mamiriro ekunze pampas

Chii chinonzi pampas, chinonzwisisa uyo uyo achiri mudiki aifanira kutamba uye akavanza muuswa hurefu. Pano pane nzvimbo isingagumi isingagumi yakafukidzwa neuswa hwakasvibirira (feather grass, bearded fescue, fescue).

Nharaunda yemapapas yemazuva ano inosvika 750 000 square mita. Km, iri zvishoma kudarika nzvimbo yeTurkey. Asi izvi hazvirevi kuti mapoka ari mubhedheni reLa Plata akazara zvizere nemishonga. Pedyo neBrazilian uplands, mamiriro okunze anova akawanda kune nyika, yakaoma, yakasanganiswa yemiti inotanga, yakafanana nemasango-steppe nezviwi zvemasango ane miti yakasvibirira neminda yakagadzirwa nevanhu (maple, poplar).

Nzvimbo Yakachengetedzwa

Chii chiri pampas chemazuva ano eSouth America? Chikamu chakanyanya chenyika yacho chinoshandiswa neminda nezvirimwa zvezviyo uye zvimwe zvirimwa, mapurazi nemafuro emombe (kunyanya muchikamu cheArginia). Asiwo vagari vanochengetedza hupenyu hwakanaka hwezvinyorwa - mushure mezvose, basa rinoita romunhu rinofanira kudziviswa, zvisinei, nokuchinja nyika yakamupoteredza, anogona kuzviwana ari murenje. Munzvimbo dziri kure dziri pampas, kure nemigwagwa, zvitsuwa zvisati zvamboonekwa zvemhandara zvakachengetedzwa pamhenderekedzo dzehova.

Mhuka yepampas inoumbwa nevamiriri vedzinza rezvipenyu zvepasi redu - pampas deer, mapurisa e nutria neevkasha, iyo Pampas cat, nePatagonian nguva, mhumhi yakakura, mhou nandu, armadillos, tsvuku tsvuku.

Miti iri mumappa haikwanise kukura, kazhinji muchitsiko chemaodzanyemba kune ma white mesquites (kalden).

Nyika yakakurumbira yaiva pampas uswa weCortaderia. Nokuda kwekusazvinzvera uye kukodzera kuenderana nekushanduka kwezvakatipoteredza, kusingaperi kwakashandiswa sechishongo chekushongedza. Misoro yomukwereti inosvika pakakwirira mamita matatu, inogara kwenguva yakareba - inogona kukura kusvika makore makumi mana uye kunyange yakareba.