Chii chechipiri pakukura kondinendi Nyika?

Kudeuka kondinendi panyika ndiro Eurasia. Uye chii chechipiri pakukura kondinendi? A mhinduro hwakadzama mubvunzo uyu nyaya ino. Aaverenga, uchadzidza pamusoro nzvimbo, okunze, Nzvimbo features, vakawanda, nzizi uye madhamu yacho kondinendi.

Africa - chechipiri pakukura kondinendi yose nyika. nharaunda Its anenge mamiriyoni 30,33 mativi mamita. km kana iwe vanosanganisira panzvimbo pedyo muzvitsuwa. In yose, izvi vanenge 22% of nzvimbo yose pepasi. Chechipiri pakukura kondinendi, izvo intersects neequator, ndiyewo chechipiri pakukura. Inenge 12% vanogara munyika muna 1990 akagara Africa (vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 642). Maererano nemashoko 2011, nhamba vagari akawedzera vanhu mamiriyoni 994 kusvika. The undisputed mutungamiri tichitarisa hwevanhu huri Asia.

Kureba kondinendi

Africa, iri pedyo neequator, achitambanudza pamusoro chinhambwe 8050? Km kubva zvikuru kuchamhembe pfungwa, unova Cape El-Abyad (Tunisia) kune Wekumusoro southerly (Cape Agulhas, riri South Africa). The zvikuru upamhi kondinendi, akayera kubva kumabvazuva pfungwa hafun muna Somalia kuCape Almadies muSenegal, iri kumadokero, anenge 7560? Km. Kilimanjaro muna Tanzania, kuramba yakafukidzwa chando, runoonekwa soro pfungwa ino (5895 m). A dhamu iri rakadzika Assal (153 mamita pazasi pegungwa). Kugara kwemhenderekedzo maitiro Africa. Around 30 490? Km waro Kureba. Maererano nhamba munzvimbo mutsetse pakureba ipfupi vamwe makondinendi.

Kwakaita nzvimbo yacho uye uwandu hwevanhu

Flat nomunzvimbo dzine zvakafanana nokuda Africa. Kune vakawanda Midungwerungwe yemakomo uye yakatetepa pedyo nemhenderekedzo ndege. Kazhinji, yacho yakakamurwa ichitevedza Sahara murenje, chikuru munyika. It inoremekedzwa dzakawanda kuchamhembe chikamu kondinendi. Munharaunda North Africa ndivo nyika dziri kuchamhembe murenje rino. Pakati pavo - the vazhinji uye makuru anoti sezvo Algeria uye Ijipiti. Vanhu kuti vararame pano kunge akadzidza kupfuura vagari venyika dziri kumaodzanyemba. Muchikamu, izvi imhaka yokuti munzvimbo iyi murwizi rwaNire, wakarebesa munyika.

Sub-Saharan Africa musha akawanda yevagari yacho. nzvimbo iyi inozivikanwa se dzakakomberedza dzemusub -Saharan Africa. East Africa munzvimbo iyi zvinosanganisira nyika dzakadai Uganda, Somalia uye Ethiopia. Ichokwadi, tataura chikuru chete. Pakati West uye Central African nyika - Cameroon, Angola, Nigeria, Ghana. Izvi zvakare Democratic Republic of Congo. South Africa inosanganisira Namibia, Lesotho uye Botswana.

Chechipiri pakukura kondinendi iri nyika akapoteredzwa zvitsuwa zvizhinji. Madagascar ndicho kupfuura pavo. It riri zasi-kumabvazuva kondinendi. Africa yose rinofukidza vanenge 50 nyika, kubva Nigeria (population - mamiriyoni 127) kune diki chitsuwa inoti.

Nhoroondo huru ugari

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti upenyu panyika ino akatanga pakati 5 miriyoni uye 8 mamiriyoni apfuura. Pano chaiva muEgipita umambo, mumwe rokutanga dzomunyika guru. Kupfuura zviuru 5. Makore akapfuura, akanga vakabatana. Zvisinei, makore Africa akapfuura 500 yaitongwa dzemadzinza uye enyika kurwisa, dzimwe Colonisation. izvi zvose chaitadzisa kwayo mumagariro uye mumaindasitiri kukura.

upfumi Africa kuti

upfumi Africa - zvikuru underdeveloped (kunze Antarctica). The chikuru davi zvichiri kurima. Nzvongo uye nzara yakanga yanyanya kushayikwa navanachiremba uye yasakara migwagwa. Chechipiri pakukura kondinendi iri nezviwanikwa, aina chiri chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvikamu upfumi. Of vatorwa mubhizimisi kana aina mumwe kana kupfuura kupfuma napo dzakawanda dzomuAfrica.

Culture African

The tsika kondinendi iri siyana. Heano anenge zviuru mitauro uye vemadzinza akasiyana. Nokuti Africans zvinokosha kwemadzinza pabonde. Vazhinji vacho rasviba, asi panewo zvakawanda maArab, vokuEurope, vokuAsia uye Berbers. Tiine mumadhorobha tsika, nzira dzokuMadokero youpenyu pakutengeserana riri pedyo mumaruwa tsika yayo nzira dzedzinza youpenyu, chitendero uye kurima.

Literature, unyanzvi uye mumhanzi zvinokosha chaizvo kwete chete nokuda Africa, asiwo aiva kufurira vamwe tsika nyika. African mutinhimira, somuenzaniso, kufurirwa ano Western okuruka Pop mumhanzi akadai neapo, jazz.

Vazhinji marudzi ugere chechipiri pakukura kondinendi, kubva 1950 yakawana rusununguko. Akaunza kuchinja, kusanganisira pakagadzwa hurumende multi-pati democratic.

Climate

Chechipiri pakukura kondinendi nokuda nenzvimbo nzvimbo ndiyo Hottest panyika. Africa anogamuchira kupfuura uwandu chezuva uye kupisa pane dzimwe makondinendi. Mugore rose, zuva riri kumusoro jengachenga pakati dzinopisa, uye 2 pagore riri pamusoro-soro kwaro chero nguva. Nokuti kuti neequator chinoyambuka rinenge pakati Africa, mamiriro okunze munyika dzine, kunze ichinaya, kaviri akadzokorora mundima yayo.

Equatorial bhandi

bhandi Izvi zvinosanganisira kumahombekombe muGulf of Guinea uye bheseni. Congo. The Equatorial ekunze kunoratidzwa nguva. Mangwanani kazhinji Cloudy. Nokuti kuti pasi pamusoro anova kwazvo zuva, unyoro-akaremerwa mhepo anongovangira pasi Equatorial. Sezvo vanoumba cumulus makore. Kunonaya hwatsvuka masikati. Iye kunowanzoguma mabhanan'ana simba uye dutu. Miti, kare akamira zvakadzikama, pakatanga dutu kuzunungusa kumativi, sokunge izvozvi kutanha pazvigaro zvavo. Zvisinei, Midzi simba Musavabvumira kuti kure pasi. Nokupenya kwemheni. Asi pashure kwemaminitsi mashomanana pashure musango mvura iri zvakare majestically uye chinyararire. Manheru zvakare kunobva Kunze kwakanaka.

subequatorial

Band subequatorial paupamhi. It runotaura kuti mapazi ine okunze. mira ipapo mwaka miviri - nyoro yechirimo uye akaoma dzechando. Mwaka kuchinaya iri kuuya, apo zuva iri kwayo pamusoro-soro. Rinotanga pakarepo. Savannah kwevhiki nhatu akadira mvura ndokuyerera. All in, crevices ndiyo mvura, rokunyorovesa zvakakangwa pasi. Savannah yakafukidzwa uswa.

The Sahara gwenga

Ya yokunaya uye uwandu chirimo kunayisa kurutivi dzinopisa kuderera. Tropical bhandi vari dzinopisa latitudes iri vose hemispheres. In North Africa, zvikuru pakaoma. Heino yakaoma uye inopisa nharaunda haisi chete kondinendi, asi nyika yose. Uyu ndiye Sahara gwenga. Summer naye zvikuru inopisa, anenge mudenga risina makore. To 70 ° C nenharo pose jecha nematombo. Air tembiricha kazhinji kwazvo 40 ° C.

Usiku nokuda kwokushayiwa mhepo makore uye panyika yava haachandidi. Naizvozvo, pane guru chaizvo kusiyana tembiricha nezuva. Dry inopisa mhepo masikati rakaoma kufema. Midzi miti yakaomeswa uye mabwe yakavanzwa crevices zvose zvipenyu zvose. Desert panguva ino inoita kuti akafa. Summer kazhinji mhepo yakasimba, anonzi sandstorm. Raanotakura namakore jecha. Mumaziso mhenyu Dunes, hapana zviripo pedyo, kusanganisira rwepepuru maumi zuva zvinoita fireball. Maziso, mhuno uye muromo dzakapiswa jecha. Zvakaoma kuti munhu asina nguva nenguva kuti vavande kubva dutu.

torrid mapazi

Tropical bhandi South Africa ane nzvimbo nzvimbo duku. It anosiya zvimwe mvura kupfuura Sahara (nokuda muduku pamwero muSouth Africa kubva kumavirira kusvikira kumabvazuva). Kunyanya yakawanda navo munharaunda Makomo Drakensberg, kumabvazuva neyemitenusirwa, uye kumabvazuva chitsuwa Madagascar, apo kunonaya kunounza kumaodzanyemba-easterly mhepo kubva munyanza. Zvisinei, mvura harioneki pamusoro Atlantic egungwa. Chokwadi chokuti dzenzvimbo inotonhora penyanza, izvo zvinoitika panguva rwezasi-nechokumadokero Mahombekombe, kuderedza mhepo tembiricha iri mumhenderekedzo yegungwa nzvimbo yacho, iyo kunotadzisa mvura. Cold mhepo iri denser, kurema, anogona akasamuka kunonaya. Dew akaumba apo tembiricha ndiye chete anopa hydration.

subtropical mapazi

The yokunyanyisa kuchamhembe uye kumaodzanyemba kondinendi dziri mu subtropical dzinodengenyeka. Apo kuchipisa yechirimo (+ 27-28 ° C) uye vashoma kwoushamwari chando (+ 10-12 ° C). izvi zvose zvinoita kuti mabasa evanhu. 2 kondinendi pakukura anogamuchira yakawanda kupisa. Izvi anofarira kurima kwakadaro kuchikosha Tropical zvirimwa zvakadai koko, kofi, mafuta uye musi-maoko, mabhanana, pineapples uye nezvimwewo.

kure negungwa mvura

2 kondinendi pakukura ane nzizi huru dzakawanda. On the kondinendi rwizi Network kuganhura gogonera. Chechipiri pakukura kondinendi, ane zita - Africa, dzinoratidzwa kuti anenge chetatu kwayo pamusoro nzvimbo iri zvemukati abudise.

Nile

Nile - wakarebesa rwizi kwenyika (6671 km). Inoyerera mhiri kondinendi, unova chechipiri pakukura kondinendi - Africa. The rwizi rinobva kuMabvazuva African dzakakwirira, richipfuura pegungwa. Victoria. Kumhanyira pasi canyons, Neil yokumusoro kosi rinoumbwa mapopoma uye nezvikumbaridzo. Out mumapani, iye kunoita chinyararire uye zvishoma nezvishoma. Muchikamu ichi rwizi inonzi White Nile. In Khartoum izvozvo merges pamwe mvura inoyerera ichibva dzakakwirira muEtiopiya kupfuura rechibharo inonzi Blue Nile. Mushure Blue uye Belyy kn achiwedzera rwizi kupfuura kaviri uye anopiwa zita Nile.

Zvisinei, ichi hachisi chete rakakura rwizi, izvo zvinofanira akati, achirondedzera chechipiri pakukura kondinendi enyika. We ndikuudze nezvevamwe mumwe.

Congo

Congo - gobvu rwizi muAfrica uye wechipiri wakarebesa (4320 km). By nharaunda, dziva nyoro zviri wechipiri chete kune Amazon. Munzvimbo mbiri rwizi chinoyambuka neequator. It gore zvose kuwandira.

Niger

Nzvimbo wechitatu nokureba rwedziva uye Niger. Izvi nebani rwizi pakati kunosvika ezasi uye yokumusoro mujenya mapopoma uye Mangondo. Niger huru zvikamu michinjikwa oma nzvimbo, kuridza basa rinokosha kudiridzwa.

Zambezi

Zambezi - remasangano Nzizi African ruchiyerera kupinda Indian Ocean. Ndiye Victoria Falls, mumwe wemisha mikuru munyika. Wide rukova (anenge 1800 metres), rwizi chinowa Musara (ane mumhu - mamita 120) mune rakamanikana kuzvimbirwa, achiyambuka nzira yake. The kuomba uye rwakafanana waterfall zvinogona kunzwika kure.

African nyanza

Kana madziva akawanda, anenge ose makuru vakaita pamusoro East African ebani, mune mhosva wongoramba. Saka, mudziyo wokushambidzira pakati madhamu vane elongated chimiro. Dzinowanzotanga bordered ne pamawere uye akakwirira. Vane yakareba uye kupfuura kudzika. Somuenzaniso, ane makubhiti 50-80? Km Lake Tanganyika kunosvika 650? Km refu. Ndicho chinonyanya refu nyanza kwenyika Freshwater. In udzamu kwayo (1435 metres), ndiko wechipiri chete Lake Baikal.

Lake Victoria - chikuru kubudikidza nzvimbo mu Africa. Bheseni iri kwayo kanopi muchidyiro chikuva uye kwete mhosva. Saka, zviri kudzika (anenge 40 m), pemahombekombe waro irregularity uye Canopies.

Lake Chad harina kudzika. udzamu wayo 4-7 metres. Zvichienderana teura inoyerera rwizi sediments aro munzvimbo anobva angochinja. In wekunaya nguva, izvozvo yakawedzera kusvika hafu. Zvakasimba swamped nemahombekombe mugungwa ichi.

Zvino munoziva kuti 2 kupfuura kondinendi nyika yedu. Kunyange zvazvo tsanangudzo vangava vaisanganisa nemashoko anokosha nezvake yave kukurukurwa pamusoro.