Andrianov kambasi - baba ano achishandisa wekushandisa

Kuenda dzakazvimirira kufamba, nzvimbo dzose kunyatsofunga pamusoro wako nzira. Kuti varege tsaukai pagwara rakasarudzwa, zvinokosha kufamba nematurusi. (Адрианова) – дешевый, надежный и компактный инструмент, помогающий путешественнику сориентироваться на местности. Compass Andrianova (Hadrian) - chisingakoshi, hwakavimbika uye chiine chokushandisa kubatsira vafambi kuwana nzira yavo pasi.

Analog vs. digitaalinen kufamba namano

Munyika yanhasi, iyo dzinozara nemarudzi ose namano uye midziyo kuti vashanyi kazhinji nani yemagetsi GPS-aidzidzisa pachinzvimbo pepa mepu uye kambasi zvikuru kukanganwa kuti panosangana nokuda vakaraira bhatiri yakaramba kumba, uye kuongorora chiratidzo panguva yakakodzera anogona kunyangarika. Yakarurama uye kuitika topographic mepu pavanoparidza nekambasi vachiri kuramba chikuru wezwi chezvombo panguva mharadzano chechikara.

Uyezve, pane pazviitiko pamusoro anonzi orienteering, apo vatori kushamisira kugona kwavo vanofungireiko nzira nokuitevera chaizvo, uchishandisa chete mepu nekambasi.

mhando compasses

Chokutanga, pane compasses, zvemagetsi uye rinobva.

By mukombiyuta zvinosanganisira: redhiyo compasses (muganhu - chero kupi redhiyo mafungu), zvemagetsi compasses kufamba (muganhu - remagineti yedu, izvo kuona peDare sensors pamusoro machipisi) uye GPS / GLONASS-navigators (muganhu - the anonongedzera uye nzvimbo orbiting satellites). Izvi zvinonyanya yakarurama uye zvemberi zvishandiso nokuda kuziva nzvimbo chinhu ari muchadenga.

The vamiririri zvinotevera mapoka - rinobva compasses - zvinoshandiswa nevanhu kwezviuru zvemakore. The chigadzirwa chokutanga rinobva simbi esimbi, chete Akanongedzera imwe magumo kuna South, uye mumwe kumusoro, yagadzirwa mu China anopfuura zviuru zviviri akapfuura uye akanzi "synan" - ". Zvawakarairwa South"

), военные, геологические, гироскопические, астрономические и компасы-буссоли. Kusanganisira imwe rinobva kufamba (kusanganisira Andrianov chinongedzo), mauto, Geological, gyroscopic, compasses, muchadenga uye kambasi. Vose anoshanda pane ichocho, hunovakirwa zvirongwa zvakafanana, uye akasiyana chete mune Extras shoma kuti vanoita chakapatsanuka yakasiyana mhando uye nokududza yezvinoreva chiridzwa.

A chaiwo mumiririri boka iri Andrianov nekambasi. Yakagadzirwa muzana remakore rapfuura, ichi kufamba mugungwa chokushandisa achiri kushingaira kushandiswa vashanyi munyika yose.

Compass Andrianova (photos nhoroondo)

Muna 1907, kuti unyanzvi Russian injiniya uye uto cartographer Vladimir Nikolaevich Adrianov akapa murayiro kweuto nekambasi wokutanga. Kujeka design, akavimbika uye rakarurama yakagadzirwa vakauya kukuru mukurumbira. Vachikudza yemunyori mudziyo unonzi nekambasi Hadrian. Mumakore akatevera kusvikira nguva ino tiri kazhinji kunaka zita muvambi, nokuwedzera tsamba "n." ». Saka chimwe chezvinhu dzakakurumbira zvishandiso mufambi vakagamuchira mamwe kwezuva nezuva zita, "Andrianov kambasi."

Compass Design uye musimboti oparesheni

не претерпело кардинальных изменений за последнее столетие. Mudziyo kambasi Andrianova haana ndavhiyiwa kuchinja kukuru pamusoro rokupedzisira remakore. Izvi rinobva pechitsiko ano kupatsanura hwakatamisirwa boka nzvimbo, anoshanda panheyo nekuita cheminda vakasikwa zvachose magineti pamwe rinobva paminda nyika.

Chishandiso Uyu kuenzana dzeraundi chimiro, akafuka segirazi rinoonekera, mukati iyo tsono iri zvayaitenderera paguyo ari rinobva tsono, kumagumo ayo anozivikanwa namavara akasiyana - red yebhuruu. Fringing pokugara achiumbwa sezvo wakaita raundi uye vaisanganisa kutenderera rin'i zviri akaronga maviri reticle. The mudziyo wacho nepokuongorora reganda ngaasungirire zvikorekedzo kutaipa wristwatches. Parutivi muviri une mashandiro kugadzira miseve - hove.

имеет внутреннюю камеру, заполненную воздухом. Andrianov kambasi ine womukati kamuri akazadzwa mhepo. Modern compasses akashandisa antifreeze mvura pachinzvimbo mhepo, iyo pave viscous svikiro, izvo zvinoita sangano miseve ruchiyerera inert.

Mirayiridzo inokosha dzidziso

Asati kushandisa chinongedzo, zvinokosha kubata nevamwe nheyo yokungotaura.

Rwendo kare kushandiswa mana makuru nzvimbo: North, South, East, West. Kuti uwane zvakarurama kuona mirayiridzo inofamba pfungwa wakatangwa "azimuth".

Azimut - ichi pakona kukosha, akayera pamwero, kubva North kusvikira akafanorongerwa mirayiridzo iri Kutenderera negwara. Kuti kufamba kubva ano nzvimbo kumugumo pfungwa (pfungwa) nzira, iyo nzvimbo vanofanira kuziva kubereka uye daro kusvika, uyewo kuona nzvimbo North. Tsika maviri okutanga inofanira kuzivikanwa pachine kana anogona tsunga pamepu uye kuwana North chete kubatsira chinongedzo.

Kushanda kunoita chinongedzo Adrianov

. Asati atanga rwendo kuyeuka sei kushandisa nekambasi Andrianova. First unofanira kudhonza hove, saka kusunungura rinobva mudziyo museve. Ipapo chinongedzo inofanira akaiswa munzvimbo chinjikira ndege. Pashure mashoma Muruoko rwake anobata chirukiso museve rinomira zvishoma nezvishoma uye pakupedzisira wayo, kupendwa yebhuruu, inoratidza North. Zvadaro, mudziyo muviri kuti tenderera kusvikira rwebhuruu miseve unotara inotaura raundi chiratidzo "C". Nokudaro, hatina rinorondedzerwa huru mirayiridzo zvenyika, "C" - the North, "Yu" - South, "Z" - dzokuMadokero, "B" - okumabvazuva.

Zvino nguva kuziva azimuth. isu tanga kuona mutengo kupatsanura chinongedzo dhayira pakafunuka yedu. The sekamufarenzi yose 360 inegumi. Kuziva akamira pedyo Chikwata pamwe nhamba uye hombe wandei tora zvishoma. Mugumisiro inofanira kugoverwa nokuwanda mumapoka (zvikamu) pakati nhamba. Somuenzaniso: asi raundi dzinongoda anokoshesa 15 uye 30, pakati chidimbu 3 (kupesana). Price pa weboka iri (30-15) / 3 = 5 inegumi.

Zvino, kubva razero pfungwa ( "C", North) Kutenderera kumbomira zvandinenge azimuth kutenderera mhete sikuta. Semuenzaniso, kuti yokunonotsa azimuth 75 madhigirii zvakafanira tenderera rin'i kubva mumapoka razero kusvika 15 Kutenderera.

Ongorora nzvimbo museve, richiri anofanira kutaridzwa yebhuruu mucherechedzo pamusoro "C". Zvino, achitarisa kuburikidza slits reticles pamberi, tinoziva kutungamirirwa kufamba uri kupiwa azimuth.

Hadrian kuti Compass akanga uye achava chakavimbika kupfuura oornag chishandiso chipi mufambi. Kuvandudza wekushandisa unyanzvi uchishandisa mepu uye kambasi, tinogona kufamba nechivimbo murenje pasina mukana vopedzisira varasika.