Aruminiyamu hydroxide

Chitarisiko aruminiyamu hydroxide anotevera zvinhu. Kazhinji, ndizvo pfuma chena, gelatinous mhando, kunyange pane zvakasiyana paine crystalline kana amorphous mamiriro. Somuenzaniso, muna dzakaomeswa chimiro, izvozvo crystallizes mu crystals chena zviri insoluble mu acids ekuteerera kana alkalis.

Aluminum hydroxide inogona akapa uye wakanaka crystalline guruva rinopfumburwa chena ruvara. Bvumidzwa pamberi Pink uye noruvara pfumbu.

The kwemakemikari yokuita mukomboni - Al (OH) 3. The remubatanidzwa wenyika alumina uye mvura dzinoumba hydroxide pamusoro aruminiyamu, zvemakemikari ehupfumi izvo vanoitwa zvikuru pakutsvaga okunze wayo sezvamunoita. remubatanidzwa Izvi vakazvigadzirirwa zvokuverengera ane aruminiyamu munyu pamwe sanganisa alkali uye kudyidzana, saka zvakafanira kudzivirira overabundance yavo. Yakawanikwa panguva zvakaitwa aruminiyamu hydroxide precipitate zvino inogona vakaita ane acid.

Aluminum hydroxide iri vakaita ane aqueous mhinduro pamusoro rubidium hydroxide, imwe chiwanikwa kuti pfuma, necesium hydroxide, necesium carbonate. Muzviitiko zvose, mvura asunungurwa.

Aluminum hydroxide ane samolecular uremu akaenzana 78,00, kushanda insoluble mumvura. fuma arambe achirema ndiyo 3,97 g / cm3. Sezvo amphoteric, aruminiyamu hydroxide iri vakaita ane acid, sezvamakaropafadzwa, mune svikiro yaunganidzwa zvakafanana siyana uye munyu mvura asunungurwa. Pamusoro kupinda zvakaitwa pamwe alkalis kuonekwa dzakaoma munyu - gidroksoalyuminaty, semuenzaniso, K [Al (OH) 4 (H2O) 2]. Metaaluminate akaumba apo aruminiyamu hydroxide fused pamwe anhydrous alkalies.

Kufanana zvose amphoteric zvinhu, acidic uye dzinokosha zvivako zvose aruminiyamu hydroxide inoratidza nokuda maitiro pamwe acids simba uye alkalis. In nouku kana zvazvichanyungudutswa acids hydroxide unodokwairira ari ions ari hydroxide, uye kubata pamwe alkali - wakanamatira rehydrogen Ion. Kuti uone ichi, zvinokwanisika, somuenzaniso, kuti kuitisa maitiro, unosanganisira aruminiyamu hydroxide, yavaibvisa hydroxide. Zvakakodzera kuitisa ukaguta chubhu ikakuruma aruminiyamu sawdust ugodira shoma yavaibvisa hydroxide haasi mukuru 3 milliliters. The chubhu anofanira kuvharwa zvakasimba stoppered, uye vanotanga zvishoma kudziyisa. Zvadaro, mutiraipodhi kutara chubhu, zvinokosha kuunganidza rehydrogen akatsaurira mumwe chubhu, akaisa pamusoro pre-rirambe richibvira mudziyo. Pashure pamusoro imwe miniti chinu inofanira kubviswa rirambe richibvira uye kuunza womoto. Kana ezvokunambira kunze kwomuviri waamai vakaungana wakachena rehydrogen - unopfuta kuchaitika chinyararire, mune imwe nyaya, kana zviri mhepo - achaita ichaombera.

Aluminum hydroxide akagadzira murabhoritari munzira dzakawanda:

- ne zvokuverengera aruminiyamu munyu uye alkaline dambudziko;

- manyowa nzira aruminiyamu nitride pasi pokudzora mvura;

- kabhoni nokuisa kuburikidza chaiwo hydro rine Al (OH) 4;

- migumisiro amoniya pamusoro alumina hydrate munyu.

The maindasitiri Kugadzirwa imhaka kubudiswa bauxite. Akashandiswa matambudziko zvemichina aluminate mhinduro carbonates.

Aluminum hydroxide rinoshandisirwa mune zvaAtemisi fetiraiza, cryolite, akasiyana-siyana wezvokurapa uye mishonga zvigadzirwa. In kwemakemikari kugadzira zvinhu zvinoshandiswa achigadzirira aruminiyamu fluoride nesarufa. Chinokosha remubatanidzwa ari kugadzirwa pabepa, mapurasitiki, pendi nevamwe vazhinji.

Zvokurapa Kushandiswa nokuda kundikurudzira kugadzirira ane basa chinhu pakurapa gastric zvirwere, hyperacidity muviri peptic zvirwere.

Apo anobata fuma, vanofanira kungwarira inhalation kuti iite, sezvo ivo kukonzera zvikuru kukuvara yemapapu. Sezvo slabodeystvuyuschim laxative, kune ngozi huru mishonga. Kana aluminosis kunokonzera ngura.

The fuma pachayo akachengeteka zvakakwana, nekuti haimuoni sei pamwe oxidants.