Bashkortostan: guta guru Ufa. Anthem, maoko maoko uye hurumende Zimbabwe Bashkortostan

Republic of Bashkortostan (guta - Ufa) mumwe wamambo rinoti anoumba Russian Federation. Akaoma uye refu yaiva nzira zvokuvhoterwa kune chipo chinzvimbo.

A Nhoroondo shoma

Kare muzana remakore rechi16, mukuru Bashkirs zvinozvipira vakava nyaya Russian wehurumende. Kazhinji vakapandukira mumaoko pamusoro kukanganisa rusununguko rwavo, vakabvumirana panguva accession kuRussia, evanhu uye nyika nokudzvinyirirwa. Iyo kwakaitika February 1917 chimurenga akauyisa akakurumbira sangano mudunhu. Zvakange zvainanga kuzviwanira miganhu kuzvionera. Akatungamirira Bato iri AZ Validov.

Kunyange munguva simba Soviet, muna December 1917, Vsebashkirsky constituent gungano (Kurultai) akabvuma pfungwa kuzvionera. Iye akasarudzwa Bashkir hurumende yokutanga. Zvisinei, hondo yakatanga, uye chete muchirimo cha1919 zvakakwanisika kushandisa pfungwa. Inongoda kuti matsvuku kuna Bashkir hurumende kwasvika chibvumirano nehurumende yeSoviet pamusoro paumbwe Bashkir zvionera Soviet Republic, rwakazokura chikamu Russia. On March 23 shoko chibvumirano ichi. Kubvira ipapo, nhasi rava kunzi musi Bashkir zvionera Soviet Socialist Republic.

The nokukurumidza evanhu, ezvoupfumi, uye zvetsika kwemashoko mudunhu rakatanga nguva pfupi pashure paumbwe zvionera zvokuvhoterwa. Anoyevedza nebudiriro vagari vemo zvinopa. Kunyange panguva UN kutaura nezvazvo. Uyewo zvazvisingarambiki kuti voruzhinji dzakasiyana-siyana vanhu USSR, vakatara kwazvo, akanga emasculated pasi totalitarianism. Zvakava decoration.

The inoenda rusununguko

The inoenda rusununguko akazarura vaimbova autonomies democratic okuchinja chinozoiswa mumakore achangopfuura. Bashkiria nokuti zororo raiva October 11, 1990 Zvakanga ipapo vakatanga inokosha gwaro - the Declaration of State uchangamire Republic. The President rokutanga Bashkortostan (aiva Murtaza Rakhimov) akasarudzwa pasi Constitution itsva. The State Assembly bicameral akanga tinoshandurirwa Supreme Council. sarudzo yake vakatora nzvimbo musi March 5, 1995 Nhasi, nomukadzi Russia munharaunda iyi Makavakwa pahwaro chibvumirano pakati pavo, kuti Federal Treaty. Purezidhendi Bashkortostan - Rustem Khamitov. Iye akabata chinzvimbo ichi kubva 2010. Bashkortostan hurumende anomutsvaka. Ndiro huru Executive muviri Republic.

State anthem Zimbabwe Bashkortostan

Chakazobvumwa September 18, 2008 uye ndiye mumwe zviratidzo reRepublic. Bashkortostan chimbo anoitwa rava kuvharwa uye pakuvhurwa yakatarwa misangano nemagungano vakatsaurira huchiti mazororo of Russian Federation uye Bashkortostan, inaugural musoro zvokuvhoterwa uye zvimwe zviitiko zvinokosha. Vanyori mashoko mumutauro Bashkir - Rashit Shakur uye Ravil Bikbaev. Akashandurirwa Russian, Svetlana akaziva Churaeva uye Farit Idrisov. Yokupedzisira ndiko muvambi mumhanzi.

Coat of maoko Republic of Bashkortostan

Republic nguo maoko - zviri zvakare chiratidzo ehurumende. Mutemo uri chiratidzo rakazoshandiswa October 12, 1993 yava zvakangonyuka basa Fazletdin Islah, emhizha weimba kubudiswa "Kitap".

The nguvo dzokurwa ndiwo mufananidzo shongwe kuna Bashkir gamba renyika Salavat Yulayev. The Monument anoratidzwa tikafunga kumabvazuva. The mufananidzo rakanyorwa mudenderedzwa, nenzwi National chishongo. Kurai Inflorescence inopiwa pasi shongwe, chiratidzo ushingi dzavanhu. Kunyange kudzika patepi, dzakapendwa ari rwaikosheswa Bashkortostan mureza. It ane "Bashkortostan" rakanyorwa. Kana ruvara mufananidzo, zvishongo uye S. Yulaev Monument - yendarama mashava, Kurai ruva - green kupenya kwezuva - yero, uye ihwo - chiedza yendarama ruvara, mabviro pakati shongwe uye chishongo chena, wokunze uye rwomukati denderedzwa vari murima yendarama ruvara .

Tiudzei zvishoma pamusoro Salavat Yulaev. Ndicho mudetembi emarudzi Bashkortostan, uyo akaimba pezvaiitwa varwi uye chizvarwa hunhu. okugadzira zvinhu ake akanga apfuura nguva refu kubva nomuromo. Zvinonzi yakazara nemafungiro hondo kuzorwa kudzvinyirirwa. Pashure Salavat - zviri zvakare rechiuto mutungamiriri, shamwari yepedyo Pugachev, uyo akanga akakwidziridzwa kuti chinzvimbo Brigadier murimi mudiki "mambo." Pashure pemhirizhonga yemuna akarwadziwa, uye Salavat Ugare kuri, Bashkirs rambidzwa kudana zita rake vana, woutsinye yokutombotaura zvichaitirwa murume uyu, uyo mujeri vanenge kota remakore.

Zvisinei, mufananidzo wakaiswa pamusoro nguvo maoko - kwete munhu. Uyu seboka mufananidzo webhiza-murwi ndiye unokurwirai kururamisira uye rusununguko. It unomiriri kubatana uye ushamwari avanhu Bashkortostan. Chokwadi ndechokuti musi maoko maererano nemitemo heraldry kumirira imwe munhu hazvitombobvumidzwi. Asi zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti haana akachengetedzwa asian mufananidzo S. Yulayev. Naizvozvo, chipo pamusoro maoko mufananidzo wake aiva kuzvidzosera hazviiti.

Nhoroondo kuitwa chiratidzo

We kukuudzai pamusoro zvimwe zvirongwa kuti vanoedzesera kuva nehurumende chiratidzo. Nhoroondo kuitwa chiratidzo chiri nani kunoshamisa. Nokuti Committee chaipiwa kuna vose 40 chirongwa zvaungasarudza. Mumwe wavo akasarudzwa uye zvinganaka nesimba yakakwirira - the Supreme Council. In musimboti ichi, chiratidzo Tolpar (mapapiro bhiza), uye RB Mureza vertically kuraswa. Kugadzira mapango okuvaka chakaitwa muchimiro rudzi design, uye paiva "Bashkortostan" rakanyorwa. Bhiza inomirira simba kwevanhu chido Bashkir vanhu mune ramangwana. Ndiyo imwe mhuka - shamwari munhu zvechokwadi. Iyewo mudzidziso vakatendeka kuti basa ravo, kwamachinda. Bhiza rinowanikwa paakaita ngano vemarudzi mazhinji, kusanganisira Bashkir. Prosperity uye kuberekwazve waimirira yendarama Ruvara chishongo.

Chimwe chiratidzo design - muzvikamu 2 zvikamu kumativi nenhoo. At pamusoro payo yakange vanoratidzwa pamusoro chena tisaone zuva kunobuda pamusoro Urals, ane mwaranzi diverge kwose kwose. Pakudzika hafu vakapa blued Ural Mountains. On dzavaigara chena mhumhi achimhanya. The nguvo maoko kwave akapa muganhu zvakasvibirira. Mugore rengano tsika dzavanhu North America uye Eurasia, mufananidzo bere kunobatanidzwa ainyanya pamwe kunamatwa muvambi uye mutungamiriri worudzi muhondo brigades. Kubvira kare, zvakanga zvakajairika pakati vokuTurkey pfungwa Bere-tateguru. Maererano neimwe pfungwa pamusoro apo akanga shoko "Bashkort", zvakanzi kusonganirana rokuti akadai "Bere musoro." Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kumaodzanyemba Urals ari 7-8 emakore Turkic Khan, ainzi Bashkort, nheyo statehood. Iye akazofa hondo pamwe Byzantium. Vose muzvirongwa izvi vasagamuchirwe pashure Kukurukurwa Supreme Council.

General zvechadenga Bashkortostan

Tiri kuziva nyaya Russian Federation parizvino ndokwenguva nharaunda dzinenge 144 sq. M. ? km. Bashkortostan nzvimbo inogarwa nevanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 4, vamiririri 80 vemarudzi. Kupfuura kota vavo vanogara muguta guru, Ufa. Dzinokwana maguta 20 muRepublic of Bashkortostan. Maguta aya (kunze shoma) dzakagadzirirwa ichangopfuura. Kare, chete 4 vavo (Birsk, Belebey, Sterlitamak, Ufa). Vamwe vaiva makore maindasitiri chivako nzvimbo maindasitiri munharaunda, kunyanya kana basa kukura Bashkortostan. Cities vari vaduku, vari: Blagoveshchensk, Agidel, Davlekanovo, Beloretsk, Baymak, Meleuz, Kumertau, Ishimbay, Dyurtyuli, Salavat, October, Neftekamsk, Tuymazy, Sibai, Yanaul Uchaly.

Nharaunda nyaya iyi zviduku. About 0,8% of zvachose nzvimbo Russian Federation anotora Bashkortostan. Ecology vakatsunga kwayo marongerwo uye kugadzirwa tsika, mamiriro okunze, uye jogirafi. Dzakasiyana-siyana zviwanikwa uye zvakatipoteredza kunoratidzwa nharaunda. It iri pamharadzano muAsia uye Europe, mu Transitional mapazi kune Mountains Ural pamusoro East European Plain. Saka, muna hunhu Bashkortostan Chine zviratidzo heterogeneous dzezvimwe.

Makadzika Bashkiria muri zvinenge zvose mhando zviwanikwa, izvo inozivikanwa kuti Urals. Uyewo, Urals Republic akapa mafuta, nokuda iyo yave akurumidze kukura pakati indasitiri.

Bashkortostan nzvimbo ainyanya inogarwa veguta. Zvisinei, basa hwokurima upfumi nharaunda kuchiri kukosha. Pane 51 dunhu yokumaruwa, vanenge mamiriyoni 5 hectares nyika arable kubatikana hari hwaro. Nokuti kugadzirwa zvipfuwo zvinhu uye kurima Bashkortostan mumwe vaikudzwa nzvimbo pakati mamwe vanotongwa Russian Federation uye wokutanga muna Urals mudunhu.

Ufa

Ufa (Bashkortostan) - capital of nharaunda, chikuru maindasitiri, administrative, zvesayenzi uye tsika pakati Urals. guta rino riri pamahombekombe erwizi. White. Ufa riri 100 km kusvika kumadokero Southern Urals, uye kure Moscow ndiye 1519? Km. 53? Km - Kureba Bashkortostan guru kubva kuchamhembe kusvika kumaodzanyemba, 28 km - kubva kumavirira kusvikira kumabvazuva.

Ufa akapfuma mvura pfuma uye masango. Riri munzvimbo tikaisa mapani, izvo zvinoita anokwezva kuti Skiing. mitambo hunoverengeka zvivako vakanga rehabilitated muna Ufa uye vanakidzwe mukurumbira zvikuru: "Biathlon", "Trampoline", "Olympic Park", "AK Yorty".

Mabviro ezwi zita guru

Vaongorori vachiri havana pfungwa yakajeka pamusoro Mabviro ezwi rokuti "Ufa". Maererano dzidziso N. K. Dmitriev, chikuru turkologist, zita anodzokera shoko "Uba" mumutauro wekare, rinoreva "nzvimbo makomo", "murwi", "gomo". Maererano neimwe shanduro, anouya kubva hydronym "Ratiba", zita yekare rwizi "Ufa", aine Finno-Ugric mavambo. Pane chinhu Kungangova shanduro ngano, maererano iyo mufambi akamira kuzorora panzvimbo rokuvambwa guta, akati, "Uh, Alla", izvo zvinoreva kuti "O Allah!"

Ancient uye ano guta Ufa

Makarekare pamusoro nzvimbo yanhasi Ufa raiva guta guru uye akapfuma. Zvichida yave vanotengesa, yayakayambuka karavhani yenzira unobva maguta akasiyana-siyana Volga nharaunda, Siberia uye Central Asia. Nyaya pamutemo unogamuchirwa kuverenga kubva pamusi kuvakwa wakakombwa, ndiko kuti, kubvira 1574.

Ufa uye mumazuva edu - rakakura senga nomusimboti. It riri mharadzano mhepo, njanji, mugwagwa, Mapaipi uye rwizi migwagwa kuti anobatana kuSiberia uye Urals, European chikamu nyika yedu. Ufa - chete guta kuRussia (kunze Moscow), izvo wekuita 2 yeUnited Mugwagwa: M5 "Ural" uye M7 "Volga". Airport RB Capital inopa de dzakawanda kuti Asian uye European nyika.

Ufa (Bashkortostan) kana ukatarira kumusoro sokunge munhu hourglass hombe, ndokuisa rimwe divi. Jumper iro chikamu chimwe chacho kune vamwe "runoyerera" Hova motokari, - nokukurumidza tarisiro ane urefu - anopfuura 10 km.

Kudzorerwa enhoroondo chitarisiko

Chiizve unogona kutaura pamusoro guta akadai Ufa (Bashkortostan)? The guru nharaunda ave achishingaira kusimukira nokukurumidza zvadarika rokupedzisira remakore vagari vemo. In Ufa, pakutanga remakore rapfuura, paiva zvuru 50-60. Residents. Nhasi kune vanopfuura mamiriyoni 1,1. Capital nekutsvaga anenge 40% of maindasitiri chivakwa. The guta akakurumidza vakakura uye yakafara. Time erases zvachose kungoda kare. Chokwadi, vatsva uye nomufaro welcome Zvisinei, kuramba pachena kuti akarasika Zvinoonekwa of Ufa akare, chizvarwa chitsva vomumaguta angasava vane pfungwa zvakajeka chii rakaita kare. Naizvozvo, kwakasarudzwa kudzorera vamwe mumigwagwa sezvo vari kwezana remakore rapfuura. roofers Most, vavezi, vaumbi vakasimudza nyaya. Vakauya vachibva kumativi ose enyika. Nhasi vanosvuta akasika zvakajairika chinetso chirangaridzo vari chokupfeka Ethnography Museum. Zvinokwanisika kudzidza pamusoro siyana vanhu vaigara Bashkortostan. Munzvimbo idzi zvakare inoshanyirwa pfupi kuratidzira, izvo dzinoenderana hunhu miziyamu.

Mapurani pakuonekwa Ufa

Vakawanda tinogona kutaura kuti muna Ufa zvivakwa akwegura zvikuru duku. Rinenge rose guta inovakwa mumakore gumi apfuura. Naizvozvo, mapurani chitarisiko Ufa - zhinji kongiri negirazi. Pamasikiro muguta, zvisinei, vakashandisa kweshoko iri Bashkir chevarwere unyanzvi, National chishongo. Zvisinei, The manyorerwo, yachinja dzakawanda. Izvi imhaka nesungano pakati dzakasiyana dzavanhu venyika USSR.

Nanhasi, zvisinei, wakasara mamwe machechi kungova nguva classicism. Izvi Muponesi Church (yakavakwa muna 1824) uye Chechi Intercession (1823). Zvinokosha uye dzimwe mapurani Zvivako: naGavhuna House, imba Bishop yaJehovha, iyo imba-miziyamu pakati Lenin (yaifananidzira pamusoro), pakuvaka Noble Assembly, House S. T. Aksakova, M. V. Nesterova imba.

Cultural uye dzidzo nemasangano

Kana uchisangana guta vanofanira kuteerera Opera uye Ballet Theater (aimiririra pazasi). Chinhu chakanaka mapurani shongwe. National Ballet uye Opera vakaberekwa uye akakurira masvingo yemitambo. Mutsindo Artists pamusoro Leningrad uye Moscow akatora chikamu kukura sangano iri tsika. Rudolf Nureyev, tenzi mukuru kutamba, kuvhenekera pamberi vateereri mu masvingo izvi.

Center of Bashkortostan, apo hazvina 1919 asati hapana yemitambo zvino Anozvirumbidza 10 fung mamiriro. Mukuwedzera, veko Philharmonic anounganidza vateereri vakawanda. Kunyanya nevakawanda Drama Theater nhasi. Mazhit Gafuri, panguva nyika. zvesimba ake nguva dzose kukwezva imba izere.

Chesekondari apedza yakafarikana sarudzo. In Bashkortostan akasiyana mirayiridzo mumayunivhesiti kugadzirira pamusoro 30.

Ufa mabhanga

In Ufa, nhasi pane 83 mabhanga. Vari anomiririrwa 1776 ATMs uye 430 mapazi. mabhanga aya vakagadzirira kupa vatengi 274 mari chikwereti zvirongwa, 12 deposits, 28 chikwereti chikwereti zvirongwa, 19 - 29 Business anomukweretesa uye repair kwezvikwereti. Sezvaunogona kuona, kubva pfungwa iyi maonero haina lag shure mamwe maguta makuru ari Russian Federation Ufa. zvikwereti Currency, deposits, mortgages - vose vaifarira vakawanda nhasi, saka takafunga kuti kuhupenyu kutaura pemahombekombe, izvo riri guta guru mudunhu.

Saka, taitaura vakawanda mashoko nezvenyaya iyi munyika yedu, sezvo Bashkortostan. Ndirwowo musoro muchidimbu kurondedzerwa. nharaunda iyi, sezvamunoona, ane akapfuma kare uye tsika. Culture of Zimbabwe Bashkortostan - mumwe dzinonakidza musoro.