Benzoic asidhi

Benzoic asidhi - ndiye mumiririri nyore vekirasi carboxylic kana makemikari asidhi pamwe makemikari fomura C6H5COOH. Izvi kwemakemikari remubatanidzwa chingataurwa kuti yakaumbwa nokutsiva rimwe rehydrogen atomu dzakabatanidzwa kuva kabhoni atomu rimwe benzene mhete kuti carboxy boka.

Benzoic asidhi chitarisiko chinhu Hauoneki crystalline hwakasimba ane arambe achirema pamusoro 1.27 g / cm³ uye samolecular kurema 122,1 g / nhuta. Utsotso pfungwa C6H5COOH yakaenzana 122,41 ° C uye kubika - 249,2 ° C. Muna 1 fő mvura anokwanisa kuiparadza 2,9 d C6H5COOH fuma. Acidity iri 4,202, ari refractive indekisi iri 1,5397.

The zita rinobva benzoin, umo muzana remakore rechi16 (yakatanga rakarondedzerwa Nostradamus muna 1556, uye ipapo Blaise of Vigenère muna 1596), mumwe fuma kutanga dzoga ne sublimation. Kwenguva refu, ichi dzinongoitika remubatanidzwa yakaramba chete rine acid.

Muna 1832 by kemisiti J. Liebig yakatanga akarondedzera maumbirwo benzoic acid, uye muna 1875 imwe physiologist wokuGermany Ernst Leopold Salkowski nezvokumwe zvayo antifungal uye akambozvishandisa kuuraya utachiona zvivako. The munyu anoshandiswa sezvo zvisaora mune zvinhu zvokudya, uye benzoic asidhi pacharo zvinokosha mbishi zvinhu nokuda kwetunhu dzimwe dzakawanda Organic yeimwe. Madzimai epamusha akawanda uye nhasi vanoshandisa rakasiyana mano iyi carboxylic asidhi kwenguva refu okuchengetera lingonberry kumuromo pasina mamwe preservatives (kunyange pasina kuwedzerwa shuga) kana chinokosha kugadzira nzira.

Esters ose benzoic asidhi uye munyu ayo vanozivikanwa se benzoates. Qualitative zvechadenga zvinonhuwirira yeimwe uye carboxylic acids rinobatanidza benzoic acid. makemikari ehupfumi yaro pakutsvaga pamberi anonhuhwirira mhete uye carboxyl boka.

Nokuti anonhuhwirira mhete mamirire electrophilic kuzvitsinhanisa maitiro zvikurukuru wechitatu kabhoni atomu, iyo nzvimbo akatsunga hama kuti carboxyl boka.

Zano wechipiri ane kuzvitsinhanisa maitiro anoenderera mberi panzvimbo hydrogen iri carboxyl boka uye nomumugwagwa kwaitora nguva.

Maitiro All ataurwa pamusoro carboxylic acids, zvakare tsika kuti C6H5COOH.

Nokuda rakasiyana akambozvishandisa kuuraya utachiona uye antifungal zvivako, benzoic asidhi inoshandiswa canning. Rinoshandiswa somunhu nhamba zvokudya yokuvirisa E210-E213. Benzoic asidhi kutigumbura makemikari uye muviri chinokuvadza unicellular zvinenge. Nemhaka kwayo chiito hwakaipa kukura yeasts, achitanga uye vazhinji utachiona hunokonzera zvirwere. Shandisa benzoic asidhi kana ayo yavaibvisa, potassium kana karusiyamu munyu.

The fuma inokwanisa nedzokunze inorwisa utachiona basa chete acidic zvokudya. Kana intracellular ph zvishoma pane kana akaenzana 5, ivo anaerobic chinovira kuti shuga iri kuderedzwa 95%. Efficacy asidhi uye benzoates kunoenderana ph machikichori. Fruit muto (ine cucumber acid), ikapenya zvinodhaka (ine CO2), non-doro (ine phosphoric acid), mufushwa (acetic acid) kana zvimwe akachengetedzwa zvokudya acidification asidhi uye ayo munyu. Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri kuwanda pakuchengetedza zvokudya zviri kuwanda 0.05-0.1%.

Based toluene kazhinji synthesized benzoic acid. Kugadzirira inoyerera kuburikidza maitiro vanoronga methylbenzene oxidation pamwe potassium permanganate. On commercial hwaro ibhuku rakasiyana makemikari remubatanidzwa anobudiswa kuburikidza haasaruri oxidation kuti toluene pamwe okisijeni. The kwacho kunoitika panguva chaiyo tiwedzere. For mumarabhoritari benzoic asidhi husingakoshi uye iripo reagent. For Syntheses zvose, rinogona yakaidzwa recrystallization kubva aqueous mhinduro. Panyaya iyi, zvinhu mukuru solubility mumvura inopisa uye murombo solubility mumvura inotonhora.

Benzoic asidhi anowana yakafara kushandiswa sezvo zvisaora zvokudya, mishonga uye makemikari kwetunhu anoritsanangura vari vakawana siyana Organic zvinhu, kusanganisira madhayi. Uyewo, rinoshandiswa mune makemikari bhizimisi kana muitiro Analytical mumarabhoritari.