"Chateau Lafite-Rothschild". Waini tsvuku kubva kuFrance

Kwemakore anopfuura zana, iyo yakakurumbira yewaini yeFrance Chateau Lafite ("Chateau Lafite") inoramba iri inodhura zvikuru uye yakanakisisa munyika yose, ichikudza kuremekedzwa uye pfuma, hupfumi uye mukurumbira. Zvizvarwa zvakasiyana zvemhuri yeRothschild vave vachishanda pakusikwa kwewaini yakasiyana-siyana kubva pakupera kwezana remakore rechi19.

Manor paGomo

Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakurumbira munyika yose Château Lafite-Rothschild iri muFrance Bordeaux, Médoc county. Kwenguva yekutanga iyi fungiro inoshandiswa inotaurwa mumagwaro akanyorwa kubva muna 1234. Philologists vanoti zita rokuti "lafite" rakabva kuGasonian la hite, rinoreva "kutsetseka, chikomo". Zita iri rakakosha kwazvo kune iyo nzvimbo, iri pane chikomo chakadzika.

A bit of history

Imba yeChâteau Lafite yakanga iri yavo kusvikira muzhizha ra1868, apo Baron James Jacob deRothschild, uyo panguva iyoyo akatungamirira davi reFrance rechiyi rinozivikanwa, akawana mahekita makumi manomwe eminda yemizambiringa uye purazi, vanhu vanotevera:

• Mutungamiri Joseph Soba de Pomiers;
• Jacques de Segur - notary;
• Alexander weSegur;
• Nicolas-Alexander, Marquis de Segur;
• Nicolas Marie Alexandre de Ségur;
• Nicolas Pierre de Pichard;
• Baron Jean Arend de Vos Van Steenvwyck;
• Jean de Witt;
• Oton Guillaume Jean Berg;
• Jean Gaulle de Frankenstein;
• Banker Wanlerberg;
• Madame Lemer Barbara-Rosalie.

Nguva yekuzivikanwa

Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechigumi nemana re "Chateau Lafite" - waini yave ichizivikanwa uye inoda. Izvi zvakanyanya kugoverwa ku "waini muchinda" - Nicolas Alexandre de Ségur, uyo akaedza zvikuru kuvandudza mazambiringa akabudiswa purazi rake. Kuchinja kwave kuchikosheswa zvikuru muFrance uye kune dzimwe nyika. Mutongi weRichelieu, panguva yehurumende yake mudunhu reGuyen, pazano rechiremba wemhuri, akashandisa waini "Chateau Lafite". Mazano ake akabatsira Château Lafite kuti aone patafura yamambo yaLouis XV. Vatengesi nevatongi, vachitevera muenzaniso wemutongi wavo, vakatangawo kuronga. Mutungamiri weChirungu, Sir Robert Valpole, akarumbidza kugadzirwa kweChateau Lafite uye kamwe kamwe mwedzi mishoma yakaraira zvinopfuura 200 litres ewaini.

Mu "Official Classification yeBordeaux Wines" yakabudiswa pakati pezana remakore rechi19, Chateau Lafite yemuzinda wewaini yakashandiswa zviri pamutemo muHarare Premier Cru Cruse uye yakaratidzwa seimwe yepamusoro mana.

Nguva yeRothschilds

Muzhizha ra1868, minda yemizambiringa uye Chateau Lafite dzimba dzakatengeswa zvakare. Mutengo uyo James de Rothschild aibhadhara waiva anenge madhiyoni mashanu emadhora panguva iyoyo. Mwedzi mitatu mushure mekuita izvi, James akafa, uye kuponesa kwekunaka kwakatora nhaka nevanakomana vake vatatu: Edmond, Alphonse naGustav. Kukohwa kweizvi, muna 1868, kwaive kwakanyorwa zvakanyanya, kwakarohwa chete pakuguma kwezana remakore rechi20, kwema 900-liter barrel - 6250 francs, iyo yakaenzana neyemazuva ano 5 000 euro.

Rough Time

Kubvira pamagumo ezana remakore rechina rekutanga nezana rose rekutanga remakore rechi20, Chateau Lafite Rothschild akarwira kuti ararame. Denda re gray grey uye phylloxera risina kunaka rakaparadza mizambiringa. Hondo Yenyika Yenyika Yekutanga uye iyo iyo Kubva Kuwedzerwa Kwekukuru kwemashumi matatu kwakaunza kusati kwamboitika kwekutengeswa kwemitengo yewaini dzeEurope. Zvose izvi zvakakonzera kuti vaRothschilds vakambomira vhiniga dzewaini kubva muna 1882 kusvika muna 1886, uye mamwe makore. Mukuwedzera, munguva iyi, kusabvisa mukana wekugadzirwa uye unyengeri, waini yaive yakabhodzwa chete munharaunda yeChâteau Lafite. Panenge panguva imwe chete, nzvimbo yeminda yemizambiringa yakanga yakanyanya kuderedzwa, asi zvisinei zvakadaro paive nekubudiswa kwakasiyana-siyana kwewaini yakanaka kwazvo, somuenzaniso, muna 1899, 1906 ne1929. Eri Robert - mwanakomana waEdmond uye muzukuru waJakobho deRothschild, akamira pachigaro chemabhizimisi emhuri pakupera kweHondo Yenyika II. Yaiva iye, pamwe chete nemudzidzisi wenhau anozivikanwa wenguva iyo, Purofesa Emile Payne, uyo akaita zvakakosha pakugadzirisa hondo kweFrance mukugadzirisa uye akazova mumwe wevadzidzisi vemidziyo yewadhi medoc.

Kuchinja kwesimba

Mumakore makumi manomwe emakore ekupedzisira, zvizvarwa zvakachinjwa, uye Baron Elie Robert akapa mutevedzeri weChateau Lafite kuna Eric de Rothschild - muzukuru wake. Mutungamiri mutsva haana kungovandudza boka racho, asi akatangawo kudyara minda yemizambiringa uye akatanga kushandisa nzira dzakasiyana dzekudzivirira michero uye maitiro. Nyanzvi yekugadzira zvinhu Charles Chevalier, akakokwa mumakore gumi ekupedzisira ezana remakore rechi20 kuti atarisire nzvimbo yeFrance uye kudzora kunaka kwewaini, achiri kushanda kumaRothschilds.

Current state

Nhasi, bhizinesi remhuri yeChâteau Lafite Rothschild chikamu cheDBR Lafite winery - Domaines Barons de Rothschild (Lafite), iyo inowanikwa nebazi reFrance rechimhuri iyi. Iri bhizinesi rakawana mamwe mazambiringa akawanda muFrance, uyewo kuSouth America nyika dzakadai seArgentina neChile. Pamusana peizvi, kambani yakanyanya kuwedzera nzvimbo yeminda yemizambiringa uye yakawedzera michina yekuita.

Nyika uye mazambiringa

Mazuva ano minda yemizambiringa muBardo iri panzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana:

• Mumakamuri pedyo neguta reSaint-Estef;
• Panharaunda yeimba iyo kumadokero, pamucheto weCarriad;
• Pamwe pedyo neimba, pamatope echikomo.

Iyi minda yemizambiringa ine dombo rakasviba, rinosanganiswa nemagetsi uye sandstone yakaisvonaka, yakasvibiswa nematombo akawanda emarita. Nokuda kwekushaiwa kwevhu, chibereko apa chiri chakanaka, asi kuwanda kwezvinhu zvakasiyana zvakanyanya. Zvose izvi zvinokanganisa kuzadza uye kuoma kwemazambiringa.

Nhasi, zvinotevera mazambiringa emichero anokura purazi:

• Cabernet Sauvignon - inokura, inenge 70% yedunhu;
• Merlot - chechina cheminda yemizambiringa;
• Petit Verdot uye Cabernet Franc, mune zvishoma zvikuru.

Iwaini inozivikanwa zvikuru yewaini inobva kuFrance - Château Lafite-Rothschild inogadzirwa kubva kumabroti akaunganidzwa kubva kumiti yemizambiringa kune makore anopfuura makumi matatu. Uyewo kune imwe nzvimbo yeLa Gravier, iyo mizambiringa inopfuura makore zana nemakore, uye nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzine "vechiduku" vakawanda - vane makore makumi mapfumbamwe.

Waini inogadzirwa sei?

MuRafite imba, kuitira kuchengetedza kutendeseka nekusiyana kwekasiro remazambiringa kubva pane imwe nzvimbo, inoviriswa mumatangi akasiyana.

Mumasvondo matatu kana mana, gumbo rinodonha mumiti yemapuranga, kunwisa iyo mash uye kuita kuti kuchinja kwacho kubva kune zvinonhuwira uye zvinowedzera, mineral uye polysaccharides kune waini inogadzirwa. Pamugumo wegadziriro ino, chigadzirwa chinoguma chave chakaravira uye chakavhara mumakapu ekugadzirisa nzvimbolactic, kana, sezvinonziwo, maapuro-mukaka wenyama, iyo inobatsira kuderedza kutora uye kuderedza asidi. Zvikamu zvewaini yakawanda inodururwa kubva mumavhati kuenda mumatsime. MunaKuvhuro, zvisati zvanwa mvura inodururwa mumabhari, gungano rinotungamirirwa. Iko kusanganiswa kwemazambiringa madiki akaitwa kubva mazambiringa aimwe, asi akakura pane dzimwe nzvimbo. Kwemwedzi 18 - 20, mapuranga anoiswa muwaini yewaini, uye iyo inenge yakabhodzwa.

"Yekutanga" uye "yechipiri" waini

Iyo huru, kana kuti "yekutanga", "Rothschild Lafite" waini ndiyo Château Lafite-Rothschild yakasikwa kune kure 1815. Iyo yakagadzirwa, zvichienderana nemichero, inosanganisira 80 kusvika 95% Cabernet Sauvignon, 5 kusvika ku20% Merlot, uye izvi zvose zvinogona kubhadharwa nechingwa chiduku che Petit Verdot uye Cabernet Franc. Ichi chakaoma, sezvinonzi nyanzvi dzinoti, "mumuviri", anenge 90,000 - 145,000 mabhodhoro anobudiswa gore negore, nokuti iyo mutengo inogara yakachengetwa zvakanyanya pa "Chateau Lafite".

Iwaini "yechipiri" yepurazi iyi yeFrench yewaini - Carruades de Lafite, kusvika kusvika pakupera kwezana remakore rapfuura rainzi Moulin des Carruades. Itai chete kubva pamaburiro akachekwa kubva mumiti yemizambiringa yepamusoro peCarriad. Inobva kuMerlot (30-50%) uye Cabernet Sauvignon (50 - 70%), uye kusvika ku5% Petit Verdot neCabernet Franc, zvichienderana nemichero. Kusiyana newaini "yekutanga", "yechipiri" yakwegura kwemwedzi inenge gumi nemasere mune zvose zvitsva uye nemakore maviri emakore mabheki. Anenge mabhodhoro anenge 180 000 anogadzirwa gore negore.

Inodhura zvikuru uye inonaka ...

Makore Anoshamisa (millezimas) eChâteau Lafite emakore akapfuura neazvino, anokwana zana kubva pazana zana dzinogona kuitika, nyanzvi inozivikanwa munyika yose Robert Parker inonzi: 1982, 1986, 1990, 1996, 2000 uye 2003. Pasinei nokuti hapana "Chateau Lafite 1963" pane urongwa urwu, mutengo wakanyanya-kubva ku 85,000 Russian rubles nezvimwe. Ndizvo chete kuzviwana zvisingagoneki, kana kungova nematombo kutenga pane imwe nzvimbo.