Chibage chekutanga shuga: kukura, fertilizer, kutarisira

Kune marudzi mazhinji ezviyo akakura nevarimi uye vadzidzisi vezvikwata zveimba. Mamwe marudzi akadyarwa kuti aite zviyo zvefodya, vamwe - green mass. Munyika yezvokudya iyo inoshandiswa shuga yegorosi. Iwe unogona kudya cobs yakakura mumapeji akabikwa kana mumakonti.

Biological features

Iyo inomiririra shuga yepamusoro (kusvika mamita 3), gore negore michero yemaspropical plant ine miitiro yakagadzirirwa midzi. Nheyo yemiti iyi inogona kusvika masendimita manomwe muhupamhi. Maruva echikadzi mune shuga yegorosi anounganirwa mumakumbo, marume maruva mu panicles. Muchero iyi yakagadzirwa nemafungiro kana kuti yakazara granule. Muvara, zvichienderana nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana, inogona kusiyana. Kazhinji kazhinji marudzi ane yellow cobs anokura.

Kubva kune fodya, gorosi shuga inoratidzika nemashizha akaoma uye yakakwirira. Cobs pairi inokura nokukurumidza. Miriza inotanga kunyange kana michero ichisvika pakureba kwema 20-25 cm.

Kubatsira kwekukura

Kumusoro kwakapiwa tsanangudzo yakajeka yezviyo shuga. Miti yacho yakakwirira kwazvo, uye yakagadzirirwa midzi. Zvechokwadi, mumamiriro ezvinhu emuRussia mamiriro ekunze, kuti awane kukohwa kwakanaka kwenyika ino yepasi, zvichave zvakakodzera kubhadhara zvimwe. Zvisinei, nguva inotengeswa ichakomborerwa nemakumi. Pakati pezvibereko zvakakosha zvikuru zvehutano, zviyo ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzekutanga. Zvibereko zvaro zvine chetatu chezvinhu zvose zvinotevera zvinodiwa kuvanhu. Uyewo zviyo zvegorosi zvakapfuma mumarudzi ose emavitamini nezvimwe zvinhu zvinobatsira. Iva nezvibereko zvemuti uyu uye nhamba yakakura yekuswa. Nokudaro zita reboka racho.

Mhando dzakakurumbira

Zvechokwadi, murimi wemorizi uyo akasarudza kutanga kukura tsika iyi inoshamisa uye isina kuzvininipisa, kutanga kune dzose, inofanira kuva nehanya nekutenga mbeu. Kune marudzi akawanda ehuga shuga. MuRussia, muzviitiko zvizhinji, marudzi ekutanga okuibva anowedzera. Kubika chibage mumamiriro edu emamiriro ekunze hakungobvumi. Mhando dzakakurumbira pakati pevarimi vemotokari yeRussia nde:

• Kuban shuga;

• Mweya F1;

• Gourmand;

• Dobrynya.

Chibage Kuban: maitiro ezvakasiyana-siyana

Izvi zvisingateereri, pakati pezera rekushaya simba zvakasiyana siyana. Kuban tsuchi dzinobereka chikafu musi we 92-96 zuva mushure mekubuda. Mbeu iri mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana yakakura muhukuru uye ine ruvara rwemutsvuku. Madzikombe acho pachawo anogona kusvika urefu hwe19-24 cm. Zvakanakira Kuban shuga yegorosi, pakutanga kwezvose, kunakidza unhu uye unyanzvi. Cobs haigoni kugadzirwa chete, asi inogona kuchengetwawo munguva yechando. Izvo zvakasiyana zvinoda kukwirira musati maumba panicles.

Chibage Sugar Mweya F1

Izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvekutanga zvinowanzo kukura nekukwira mbeu. Nekushandisa kwekombiyuta yakadai, nzeve dzinogona kuwanikwa pakupera kwaJuly - kutanga kwaAugust. Sugar Corn Spirit F1, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, ine chibereko chakasimba mumakore ose. Izvi zvinorevawo kuti hazvina kukodzera. Mbeu dzeMweya F1, dzakafanana neyaKuban, dzakakura kwazvo uye dzinotapira. Vazhinji vemizambiringa vanofunga izvi zvakasiyana-siyana kuti zvive zvakanakisa kupfuura zvose zviripo panguva ino.

Various Gourmand

Kubatsira kukuru kwezvipembenene kunofungidzirwa sezvibereko zvizhinji. Uyewo, chibage Gourmet shuga inopesana zvikuru nemarudzi ose ezvirwere. Nguva yezvirimwa inotora mazuva 70-75 chete. Munguva ino ma cobs anokura kusvika masendimita makumi maviri pakureba. Mbeu yacho yakakura, yakasviba uye yakanaka. Kazhinji pane zvisiri izvo, zvinokwikwidza zvinopedzwa muzinga rakagadzirwa. Asi vanogonawo kuchengetedzwa.

Chibage Dobrynia

Zvakanakira izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvinosanganisira, munzvimbo yekutanga, cobs huru kwazvo. Kukura mushure menguva yakasanganiswa Dobrynia inogona kusvika kusvika ku 170 cm murefu. Iwe unogona kusarudza izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvekurima, kusanganisira izvo kune vagari vemazhizha, nyika yavo isiri yakanaka kwazvo munharaunda yacho. Iyo Dobrynia hybrid inonyatsorondedzera kushandiswa kwevhu. Uyewo iyi shuga yekutanga shuga haityi zvirwere zvakadai se mosaic uye dzizi. Mhando dzezviyo zvakasiyana-siyana dziri kupisa pazuva re 70 mushure mekudyara. Kusiyana nedzimwe nzara zhinji, dzinogona kuunganidzwa kwete muchikamu chemukaka kukura, asiwo chakaoma.

Mbeu kugadzirira

Saka, chikamu chezviyo shuga chinosarudzwa, uye kudyara kunowanikwa. Zvadaro, unoda kugadzirira mbeu. Pamwechete, vanogona kungoerekana vadyarwa pasi. Zvisinei, iyo yakagadzirirwa ichakwira nokukurumidza, uye zviyo pachayo zvichange zvichinyanya kukura zvakanaka uye zvinobudirira. Kutanga-kudyara mabasa ekugadzirira kunosanganiswa pane zvinotevera:

• Mbeu inowanikwa papepa mune imwe yakatsetseka uye yakaiswa panzvimbo yezuva kwemazuva mashanu.

• Zvinhu zvinopisa zvezuva zvakanyoroveswa mumvura inotonhorera ye potassium permanganate (isina simba) kana kukura kukura.

Kugadzirira nenzira iyi mbeu dzichamuka mazuva mashoma nokukurumidza.

Kwokudyara kupi?

Iko kukohwa kwakanaka kwezviyo kunogona kuunganidzwa chete kana mukati megore iyo ichawana zuva rakakwana. Saka, kuisa muti uyu unomira kumaodzanyemba kana kumaodzanyemba-kumadokero kweimba, kana pane imwe nzvimbo yakazara, kunze kwekuti pasina miti mikuru iri pedyo. Zvakanaka chaizvo, kana kubva kune rumwe rutivi, kubva kune mhepo inoputika ichivhuvhuta munharaunda iyi, pachava nechimwe chivharo (kuvaka, bushes, nezvimwewo). Gorosi yehuga ndiwo muti wakakura, uye unogona kungoputsika kana "kuputirwa" nemhepo.

Muzviitiko zvakawanda, vagari vomunharaunda vanoisa chibage pamadziro kana pedo negungwa. Kana uchida, tsika iyi inogona kushandiswa sechimwe chinhu chekugadzirwa kwenyika. Somuenzaniso, zviri nyore kuita rusvingo rwechinguva kubva pane iyo paunenge uchigadzira nzvimbo.

Izvo zvakanakisisa zvigadziriswa

Kudyarwa kwegorosi yegorosi kunogona kuitwa zvichiita mushure meimwe mimwe michero yemunda, iyo inoshandiswa mashumha. Izvo zvakagadziriswa zvakakosha zvemuti uyu ndezvenamate, kabichi uye peas. Hazvibvumirwi kudyara mbeu iyi mushure memazi. Ichokwadi ndechokuti izvi zvinomera zvinogona kurova tsvina imwechete - chibage chibage. Izvo hazvo hazvibvumirwi kudyara mbeu iyi mushure mechibage kana pedyo nayo.

Kazhinji, zviyo zvinowanikwa pedo nemakuchere uye zvekupedzisira dzinotumirwa kuburikidza nematope nematavi. Iwe unogona kudyara muti uyu uye pedyo nepakati. Zvisinei, hazvidi kutarisa mapeji ezviyo pasi pechiputi chechi tsika. Mapundu anorema zvikuru.

Chii chinofanira kuva ivhu

Chimwe chezvizivo zvegorosi ndezvokuderera kwekugadzirwa kwevhu. Uyu muti uchazonzwa zvakanaka pavhu revhu, uye pa chernozem kana kunyange peat bogs. Zvisinei, zvakanakisisa kudyara tsika iyi mudenga, ivhu rakasvibira uye mvura, ine acidity ye 6-7 pH. Nzvimbo yegorosi inofanira kuva yakadzika sezvinobvira. Mushure mezvose, midzi yemiti iyi inogona kuwira pasi ne 1.5-2 m.

Usati wadyara mumugwagwa zvinoshandiswa pakuita manyowa (fertilized manure, humus) uye imwe phosphoric mineral top dressing (somuenzaniso, superphosphate pachiyero che 10 g / m ² ).

Nzira yekudyara

Vanotanga kudyara chibage pakati pekutanga kweMay, kureva kuti, panguva apo ivhu rinopisa kusvika 10 g. Nguva yekudyara inofanira kusarudzwa ichifungisisa chokwadi chekuti tsika iyi haibvumiri usiku hwechando zvachose. Dyarai gorosi nemashira ega. Nharaunda pakati pemakwenzi panguva imwechete inofanira kunge iri 25-35 cm pakati pemitsetse ichibva 60-70 cm yepachena nzvimbo.

Simbisai mbeu yehuga muvhu kuburikidza nemasendimita mashanu kusvika kumasere kusvika kumasere. Ichokwadi ndechokuti zviyo zvegorosi ndeimwe yezvokudya zvinonaka zvezvipenyu zvakawanda zve shiri. Mushure mokudyara, nzvimbo yacho, chokwadi, inofanira kunwa mvura.

Chibage shuga: kukura miche

Sezvatotaurwa, chibage chinomera gare gare. Uye kunyange kubva kumarudzi akasiyana-siyana ekukohwa anofanira kumirira kwenguva yakareba - mwedzi 2-3. Nokudaro, vazhinji vemazhizha vemuzhizha vanokura chibage ichi mumicheu. Muchiitiko ichi, varimi vemotokari vanoshandisa inenge yakafanana teknolojia yekudyara:

• Mubhokisi racho anodururirwa substrate chaiyo, yakagadzirwa nebindu revhu uye manyowa muhuwandu hwe1x1.

• Mbeu inotangira-inomera pamusasa wekamuri mumvura yakanyorowa.

• Vadyara kusvika pakadzika 3-4 cm.

Dyara kutanga kwezviyo zvegorosi shuga nokuda kwezvirimwa pakupera kwaApril - kutanga kwaMay - anenge mazuva makumi maviri asati atumirwa kunzvimbo yakazaruka. Sezvo kuiswa kwegorosi hakuremi zvakanaka, panzvimbo yemabhokisi iwe unogona kushandisa mapepa anokosha. Chero mamiriro ezvinhu, panguva yekuendesa kunzvimbo yakazaruka, zvakakosha kuti tive nechokwadi chekuti midzi yemiti haitadzi. Kana pasina chikonzero chekuwana chibage chekutanga, zviri nani kudyara chibage zvakananga muvhu.

Ndezvipi zvirongwa zvinoshandiswa pakugadzira shuga panguva yekukura

Kungofanana nedzimwe mimwe michero yemunda, chibage kubva nenguva nenguva chinoda fertilizing. Izvi zvinomera zvikuru, uye zvinoda zvakawanda zvekudya. Ipa chimedu chegorosi kanomwe kaviri mumwaka. Kana uchidyara, sezvatotaurwa, zvinobatsira kuunza organic uye phosphoric fertilizer muhotera. Mbeu yakanaka kwazvo inopindurawo kune mari ine yakawanda yeZinc. Izvi zvinogona kuva, somuenzaniso, PMU-7.

Yechipiri nguva iyo miriwo inodyarwa mavhiki maviri mushure mekudyara. Muchiitiko ichi, zviri nani kushandisa yakawanda ye nitrogen ine vashandi.

Ndezvipi zvirongwa zvinoshandiswa kuti zvive shuga yehuga panguva yekukura, dzichadzidziswa kubva kune dzimwe nyika. Chero chero rudzi rwekuchinja kusina kunaka kungaratidza kushaya kwezvimwe zvinhu muvhu. Saka, somuenzaniso, kushayikwa kwe nitrojeni kucharatidzwa mukukomba nekuomeswa kwemashizha (pasi pemamiriro ekudiridza periodic). Nzara yePotassium inoratidzwa nekusimudzirwa kwekugadzirwa uye kuonekwa kwe "kupisa" pamazano emashizha. Kana paine kushaya phosphorus, michero yakawanda yezvibage inotanga kumira.

Nzira yekudiridza sei

Mvura yegorosi mukugadzira kukura inoda zvakawanda. Ita kuti ivhu riome pasi pemiti iyi harifaniri kukurudzirwa. Kana zvisina kudaro, gorosi richarega kukura, uye cobs yayo haizokudziri. Izvo zvakare hazvigone kuchinja mutsika uyu. Izvi zvinogona kutungamirira kune-kudyidzana kwevhu. Pasina okisijeni, midzi yemiti yacho inogumira kukura zvakanaka, uye masango asina zvokudya zvinoita kuti zviwedzere kukohwa.

Kunyanya, shuga yakawanda yegorosi, iyo yakarimwa isiri nyore, inoda humvu pakuumbwa kwekotsitsi. Panguva ino, inwa mvura kakawanda. Kana mbeu yacho iine mvura yakawanda, inofadza vadzidzisi vane majee uye mashizha.

Zviratidzo zvekutsvaga

Kukohwa kwegorosi kunofanira kukohwa nenguva. Zviyo zvehombodo dzisina kubhadhara hazvifadzi zvakanyanya uye hazvisi zvakasiyana nemajiciness. Zvibereko zvakasvibiswa zvakaoma zvikuru uye zvakaoma. Kukohwa zviyo kakawanda mushure memakore makumi maviri nemaviri kubva shure kwekutanga kwemaruva - muchikamu chemukaka. Munguva iyi, michero yemuti uyu ine mashuga akawanda. Zviratidzo zvekutsvaga ndezvezvi:

• Kuchema kwemiganhu yepamusoro wrappers;

• Kusviba kwemakumbo epistil kumusoro kwechavha;

• Izvo zvakakodzana kune umwe neumwe zviyo;

• Rudzi rwakasiyana rwezvibereko zvose.

Pachinyanya kuputika zviyo zvinokonzerwa nehombodo yavo, uye mukaka-shuga mvura inobuda ichibuda.

Kukohwa zviyo zvinowanzove kwevhiki dzinoverengeka mushure. Nhokwe pamasango hazviumbwa kwete panguva imwe chete. Mbeu yakakohwa inofanira kunge yakakurumidza kushandiswa - yakabikwa kana kuchengetedzwa. Ichokwadi ndechekuti kana ikachengetwa muhuni, huwandu hwehuga hwehutu hunoderera zvakakurumidza. Kukohwa chibage chiri mangwanani-ngwanani. Iko panguva ino muzviyo inowedzera shuga. Kana chibage ichi chichifanira kuchengetwa, zvakanakisisa kuti zvipfekedze kutanga.

Zvirwere nezvirwere

Kune utachiona nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzefungi uye mabhakitiriya, chibage hachina kusimba. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva simiti ino inorwara. Dambudziko rinowanzoitika rinokura zvinomera. Izvi zvinowanzoitika nekudyara kusati kwadarika mbeu. Mhepo inopisa uye ivhu, pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu ehupamhi hwemvura, inokonzera kukura kwepenicillin fungi. Kurwisa chirwere ichi nemafuta emarudzi akasiyana-siyana.

Uyewo dzimwe nguva shuga yegorosi inobatwa ne helminthosporium. Muchiitiko ichi, mashizha, internodes, midzi, uye dzimwe nguva cobs, inogona kutambura. Ichi chirwere chinoratidzika muhafu yepiri yezhizha nenzira yehukuru maruva mavara. Nekudzivirira kwayo, zvakakosha kupisa zvinyorwa zvekupedzisira-kukohwa kwezviyo.

Uchapupu hwevatyairi vemotokari

Zvechokwadi, maererano nekududzirwa kwevagari vedzimba, zviyo zvikuru, zvakadai semakango kana tomato, somuenzaniso, zvakaderera kusvika pachibage. Havasi vose vemirimi vanokura. Zvisinei, panewo vakazvipira vanozvipira zvechimiro ichi chinoshamisa. Vazhinji vateereri vemutauro uyu vanotsanangura rudo rwavo kwaari zvikurukuru nemukana wekusiyanisa mhuri yefurafura. Mushure mekunge mabiko akabikwa anonyanya kunakidza uye kunze kweine zvinhu zvakawanda zvinobatsira mumuviri.

Zvakanaka zvakakodzera kufungidzirwa kwegorosi yekugadzirisawo zvekuti inogona kugadzira mamiriro ezvinhu akadai ekukura, somuenzaniso, iyo ikango. Kudyara mabhedha nemugariro uyu unobvumira kugadzira "specialhouse" microclimate. Nokudaro, munzvimbo iri pedyo nemiti iyi, makomkku anokura nekukurumidza.