Chii Bonsai? How kukura kuva vakasiyana muti pamba?

Nokuti mumwe munhu houseplant - munhu vachiita Violet kana Ficus pamwe rima kupenyerera mashizha. Uye ndiani anoda kukura sango chairo duku tsama pasi.

Fans Vakawanda indoor miti vakanzwa asinganzwisisiki shoko "Bonsai". Asi chii Bonsai uye sei kuvaka vakasiyana chishamiso, havanzwisisi. Asi kunzwisisa izvi zvikuru chaizvoizvo.

History of Bonsai

The mufashoni maduku nemiti vakapararira pasi pose kubva kuJapan. Asi vokuJapan havasi muvambi itsva uri fomu. Bonsai pfungwa vakauya kwaari vachibva China. Asi kwakanga vokuJapan nayo pakukwana.

The kutaurwa kurima maduku nemiti rokutanga vakawira mumaoko kare muna 1972. Mune mausoleum pamusoro Prince Zhang Hui mifananidzo yakawanikwa kuti hunonyatsodonongodza mabikirwo kukura miti duku. Kutonga nokunyatsoongorora sei vanodhirowa zvakachengetedzwa kuzvibereko, imwe nzira anonzi mukuru-ukoshi ruzivo. Vanodhirowa yomusi shure Kutonga Chinese Tang youmambo, izvo unoenderana 600 BC. e.

The Chinese akadana kujairika chitandadzo "pensay". The Japanese verenga Chinese hunhu nenzira yake, uye kuwana shoko "Bonsai" rinoreva "akura ari tireyi."

Sezvineiwo, vanochera matongo vanoti kuti vaIjipiti vekare vaiziva kuti Bonsai. Vari vakura zvirimwa duku chaiyo mumidziyo, asi akavadana zvakasiyana. Zvinosuruvarisa, reIjipiti shanduro zita harina hwaponeswa.

Chii pfungwa

VokuJapan vakauya unyanzvi kukura vakasiyana zvinomera pakukwana. muti mumwe nomumwe inoda makore akawanda basa nokuda tenzi, nzeve uye kushivirira. Nzira bedzi awane munyoro Paaidzidzisa kuti achararama pane Musiki waro. Beautiful chirimwa achawana vadzidzi mubayiro avo vanonyatsoziva kuti chii uye sei nesimba Bonsai tenzi yaisa runako urwu.

Unyanzvi Bonsai - zviri mumwe uzivi unokubvumira kugamuchira upenyu uye vanakidzwe kunaka mvura yacho. Muti wose mumaoko tenzi anoenda mumatanho matatu, akaita zvose zvipenyu panyika. Chokutanga, zviri pamba wechiduku, Yakanaka Zvikuru pamwe freshness uye kumanikidzwa, ipapo anopinda Kukura, kusvika pakukwana uye runako siyana, uye yokupedzisira Danho - kukwegura, embodying zvose uchenjeri hwenyika. Uye, kunze, mumwe Bonsai - chiratidzo pakati chamazuva zvizvarwa, nekuti gotwe mumhuri vanofanira kudzidza kubva ruzivo uye kukwanisa kuchengeta chii akasika vakura.

Chii miti inogona akura

Kakawanda, yaikura mumidziyo vachishandisa miti yakasvibira mhuka. Izvi zvingava Japanese nemisipiresi, Chinese omujunipa, Cryptomeria, pyatilistnaya, vatema kana tsvuku mupaini Japanese. Bonsai miti zvipenyu izvi anotarira zvinoorora zvikuru, asi vamwe vanoda kuti miti Deciduous, pane runako rinokosha kuchinja mwaka. Panyaya iyi, aenderane Japan puramu, mboni miti yakasiyana mhando, Cherry, dzimwe mhando maples, zvikwenzi, mhuka azaleas, akasiyana mhando Pears, persimmons, mazambiringa emusango, the willow uye nevamwe.

Bonsai mupaini anotarira akanaka kwazvo uye kujairika, sezvinoonekwa mufananidzo pazasi, saka kazhinji zvichiita kusangana vakasiyana nemipaini miti iyi.

Bonsai Styles: Tokkan uye Moogi

Kunyange tenzi zvikuru nebasa haazombovi akafanana zvirimwa zviviri. Asi zvose munziyo yakakamurwa pachena zvekunyanyisa. tsika iyi wakatangwa kune unyanzvi Bonsai ndiyo Japanese. Vanopiwa rokuti uwandu chikonzero pairi miti rakakamurwa zvekunyanyisa. Kune zvinopfuura 30, asi tichakurukura rakajairika.

Kana ukaona Bonsai muti pamwe yakarurama hunde, kuwedzera pasi, zvino yava chakarongwa akarurama maitiro - Tokkan. Chimwe chinokosha hunhu pake - kusvikira pamusoro chirimwa anofanira zauzhatsya. Mumagadzirirwo ichi, iwe unogona kukura chero huni mhando. Okufananidzira Tokkana - anozvikudza kusurukirwa uye indomitable hunhu.

Kana chirimwa iri elongated vertically, asi awo havana yakarongeka yakajeka, uye vari akaronga pavaidira, ipapo manyorerwo ichi Moogi. Hunde yacho muti inogona hwakakungwa, asi muromo hazvo rakavhomorwa riri tambo nechigadziko, pova perpendicular pasi. Moogi inomirira nyore uye rusununguko, asi - chido kuenda mhiri rinopikisa ezvinhu.

Fukinagasi uye shakai

Bonsai ichi zvitaera, kufanana pikicha kuti chakaitwa simba gusty mhepo. Nokuti shakai (Italic manyorerwo) kunoratidzwa yakatenuka pa necheparutivi pasi, asi muti yakadzurwa. Fukinagasi (akakotamira nemhepo) angava sandarara uye vachida mugodhi, asi davi rawo rimwe divi (nenzira yakatenuka), nomuti dzabudapo mhepo ine simba. Chirevo zvitaera izvi - kuramba masimba uye kurwira upenyu.

Style Sokan

Sokan zvinoreva "forked hunde". Style ichi chakaita mafeni Bonsai chisikigo pachacho, nekuti kwazvo kazhinji kubva chete pamudzi uye Barrel ichibuda rimwe riri simba uye rakakwirira. Muti unogona kuva sandarara kana slanted, hazvina kukosha chaizvo, chinhu chikuru - tinofanira kuumba korona nevakawanda. Gadzira yakafanana Bonsai pamba sezvinobvira, achipa pakuonekwa dhiramu bazi rakadzika wechipiri. Chirevo zvidavado ichi - the chamazuva zvizvarwa uye kukudza tsika. Sokan dzimwe nguva anonzi "mapatya" kana "baba nemwanakomana".

Kengay uye Khan kengay

Hazvina zvishoma zvakafanana mhando Bonsai ari Pazvinoitika uye polukaskadnom manyorerwo. Kengay - somuti kuti akakura ari mawere kuruware. Kuti vararame, aifanira kuchinjira kumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Style chiratidzo - plasticity vose ezvinhu.

Khan kengay ane zvimwe chinjikira achitungamirirwa hunde kukura. Miti, kufanana kukura pamhenderekedzo, kuedza kusvika korona mumvura. Hyun-kengay - Bonsai, Photo iyo rinonyatsoratidza kuti mapazi urege kuwa pazasi pakati muhari, uye muromo zvinomera munogara iri pamusoro pasi pamwero.

For kuno- izvi nguva dzose sarudza epurasitiki miti pamwe vachikotama hunde dzacho. Zvatinofarira hunopiwa womupaini muti, Cotoneaster, omujunipa.

Bundzingi

nemanyorero aya anonzi chimwe chezvinhu zvakaoma dzika. Uye ndiye mumwe kupfuura kare. Zvikasadaro, manyorerwo ichi anonzi "chaiko." zita kudaro nokuti kuti miti vane schematic chimiro "tsamba vokuJapan." Masters zvakafanana kunyora calligraphic zviratidzo, kukura miti pamwe refu curved hunde dzacho pasina mapazi yakaderera. Crohn mune ichi mhando Bonsai anobvumirwa chete panguva chaizvo pamusoro. Style inomiririra nenyama uye pakakwirira. Nokuti Kukura yasarudzwa Conifer kana yakafara-leaved marudzi.

Charming ose-ue

Ungafungidzira Bonsai hari umo rakakura duku dondo? chirimwa ichi munyika manyorero ose-ue. Murwiyo rinoumbwa vakawanda muti hunde dzacho ane zvakasiyana pakakwirira, nedzimwe ukobvu uye makore mupudzi. Kazhinji vanonhonga chinhu zvinoshamisa nhamba miti, izvo kazhinji zvakafanana mhando. Makavasima pasina nokucherechedza symmetry uye kudzivisa daro chete. Saka, tenzi anowana yayo paka kana chiduku copse, zvikuru akafanana nzvimbo mhuka.

Style Sharimiki

Vakambovhenekerwa Japanese vakadzidza kuona yorunako nguva yose youpenyu. Vakaratidza kuti nokukwegura zvinogonawo kuva akanaka. Kuita kutaura ichi - Sharimiki huri "huni akafa". Chakagadzirwa muti ukakwegura omuti kubva hunde iri zvishomanana avabvisa, uye vybelivaetsya namatanda, ndinosika musiyano pakati akafa uye mupenyu. Sites namapuranga akafa tisingazvioni Vanokunga, asi vanofanira kuonekwa zvakajeka. Nokuti ichi mhando zvinowanzoshandiswa omujunipa.

kudyara Bonsai

Kana uchizopa kukura kurondedzerwa chishamiso vatsva vari kushamisika kuti kudyara Bonsai. Unogona kuita izvi munzira dzakawanda:

1. Miso nzira. Izvi yakanaka beginners experimenters. Zvinonzi akanyudzwa kudyara mbeu inounganidzwa musango. Muchiitiko chino, unogona kusarudza kubva siyana utachiona ndomumwe chinodiwa, uye vanotanga kuderedza kukura kubva pakutanga.
2. Method Toriki. Izvi kukura vakasiyana zvirimwa kubva kuchekwa kana layering. Kushandisa nzira iyi, panzvimbo chaiyo Bazi akagerwa kana achichekerera omuti nehuni ikarapwa pamwe muviri mabhiza akazarurwa kukura. Wood Moss muffle mugove uye firimu uye tiri 3 (dzimwe nguva zvakawanda) mwedzi. ari cutoff pfungwa haapi nzizi dzose nguva.
3. Method Yamadori. Kwakatarwa kwezita - "yakawanikwa uye akachera kumusoro." Spring musango kana munda uri akakodzera chirimwa, kuchera kumativi mugoisiira mishoma kuti paumbwe pamusoro mabhiza. Shure kwaizvozvo simba midzi zvishoma mupfupi, chirimwa iri zvikaramba kubva muvhu, uye anotanga kuti paumbwe Bonsai muhari.
4. Method Ueki. Yakadaro nzira akatengwa vakagadzirira chirimwa kuvatarisira, ipapo yabviswa uye vakasimwa muhari sandarara. Kana kutenga vaduku Bonsai, uye mberi yakura, yakavakirwa dzavo zvatinoda mumagadzirirwo.

How kuumba chirimwa

Huru basa iri kukura Bonsai - kumanikidza muti kuramba diki. Kuti aite izvi, unofanira kunetesa kukura uye kupa zvinodiwa chimiro. Nokuti kukura chinovhiringidza kazhinji kucheka midzi uye vaduku mabukira vanobviswa, sarudza dzakaonda ivhu, shandisa shomanana fetiraiza uye wasarudza anokosha nehari Bonsai, apo midzi anogona kukura zvakasimba. Uyewo, iva nechokwadi kuti kushandisa kwegadziriro simba zveminda facial, zvichikonzera chinjikira unocheka pamusoro pehuni kana criss-kuyambuka waya dhiramu.

Kana chirimwa iri zvakakwana midzi, vanotanga kudimburira awo uye Arch. Kuti aite izvi, kushandisa waya yemhangura, izvo entangle mapazi akamisa hoko iri kwemawakaridyara. Bends nani kutanga muzhizha, kana mapazi vari Usazviomesera. Kuti varege kuparadza korona, nzvimbo vachikotama akaputirwa munyoro tambo kana bast.

Panguva Chaiyo kuchekerera kunobatsira kumutsa kuti kukura itsvo kudiwa. Kana ukaronga akakodzera chimiro anofanira akatumira bazi kurudyi, ipapo kusarudza itsvo, vachiomerera mugwara, uye akatema davi pamusoro wake, vachisiya kumusoro uye hemp.

Panzira, kana kurimwa Bonsai vanoondoroka, zvinokosha kuita achicheka nokungwarira zvikuru. matavi dzaparadzwa ungatsauka tsvuku. Izvi zvinoshandawo dzimwe Conifers.

Kutarisira miti

Chirimwa kunoda kutarisirwa muupenyu hwake. Kukura kwayo Bonsai, kuchengeta pamba akapa gore rose. Izvi zvinosanganisira transplanting, kuberekesa, kudiridza.

Repotting yakanakisisa kuitwa muchirimo. Care zvinofanira kutorwa kuti midzi murege kukura uye regai kuumba bhora. Kamwe ichi zvaitika, muti rinobviswa nembiya, midzi dzinobviswa uye kudzokera muti kunzvimbo, asi mune ivhu yakachena.

Kuti yekudyara musanganiswa manyowa 3/5 ivhu, 1/5 peat uye 1/5 jecha. The ivhu mugaba tamped zvokuti hapana voids kwazvo. Kukwirira ivhu mugaba -. Anenge 5-6 masendimita pamusoro payo, kazhinji yakashongedzwa nemabwe uye Moss.

Kudyisa rinoitwa muchirimo uye chirimo. The penguva anodzokororwa kwevhiki dzinenge mbiri. The vaida vakagadzirira kushandisa mvura makemikari fetiraiza pamwe shiri nhoko, icho chinotaurwa kuburikidza 2 maawa pashure kudiridza.

Chiizve hwaunofanira kukura vatano uye yakanaka Bonsai? Care mumba kunoda zvakawanda uye kugara achidiridzira. Vanhu vazhinji akamisa mudziyo duku muti ari sandara mugaba nemvura. Its pasi izere namabwe diki uye akaisa chendarira. The mvura pamwero iri tireyi anodzokororwa pane imwe chechetere. Izvi zvinoita kuti tikwanise kuwedzera mwando kuderedza mvura.

Mvura kunokosha vakasiyana miti yakawanda. Asi tinofanira kufunga mhando chirimwa, nekuti vagari akasiyana okunze munyika dzine akasiyana achidiridzira ezvinhu. Somuenzaniso, duku-leaved Carmona - a Bonsai muti kutarisirwa izvo zvinoda zuva hune kudiridza. Asi nokuti Jade saka achidiridzira zvinokuvadza, midzi yawo havagoni kukurira zhinji unyoro uye rots.

Zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti vakasiyana muti anofanira akadiridza kazhinji, kunyange kana muchimiro haadi ivhu nyoro, apo pane zvinhu zvinotevera:

• mashizha pamapazi makuru akawanda;
• chirimwa wakasimwa diki kana sandara mudziyo, kubva ipapo guru mwando kwemvura pachiso nzvimbo substrate;
• kamuri iri rakaoma uye mhepo inodziya.

Mukuwedzera, chirimwa haangavi kudzivirira nguva spraying. Zvisinei, ziva kuti miti yakasvibira mhando inogona sprayed pamwe kwakadonhera mvura chete. Kana ukashandisa vanhuwo pombi pamusoro mashizha whitish kutumbuka Nondeducibility anooneka.

Zvino kuti unonzwisisa kuti Bonsai, unogona kuedza kusika rounyanzvi wako. Asi kufunga uye kuongorora simba ravo. Kana usiri murefu zvakakwana, zvimwe iwe haufaniri kutora basa iri rakaoma.