Chii decadence uye chii chiri panzvimbo yacho mabhuku nhasi?

Kurera mubvunzo chii decadence, vanofanira basa kudzidza nhoroondo kwaita tsananguro. Uye pfungwa iyi akaberekerwa France, uye shanduro mashoko ake vari "kuderera" uye "manyowa". Kuchera Zvakadzika, tinogona kuwana pamudzi shoko rechiLatin pakunzi pakupunzika. Saka kuti izvozvo decadence? Ndiani uye apo rikawira uye uchiora? Uye vose zvavo, kana toreva pfungwa rinofanira kushandiswa ani kana chii?

Zvakaratidza kuti decadence - a kuitika art. Dzimwe nguva shoko inonzi maitiro omunhu, vane maonero anoenderana decadence. Pakanga nzvimbo iyi pakupera pakati rechi19 uye rechi20 emakore, kana nhoroondo kuchinja kwezvakawanda mumagariro upenyu chakaita vanhu rokusika uongorore zvakare kwavo nzvimbo okusika. In iyi dambudziko evanhu mananara dzakaora mwoyo vakatanga kudzungaira pakati vanhu, upenyu kurambwa zvavo, muitiro yokuti munhu pfungwa mwoyo uye tariro. Art sezvo vakawana nzira yokubudisa iri kuramba nzanga enyika uye vehurumende, vachifunga kuti chinzvimbo ichi - wechokwadi bedzi, zvichipa chaiye okusika rusununguko. Saka, mubvunzo kuti decadence kwakadaro, uye tinogona kupa zvakawanda, uye mhinduro: achinyora kubva chokwadi, Kurambwa mutemo Kufungisisa uye mugari basa rake.

Saka, zvino, vanomiririra dzakaora? Favorite misoro iri mifananidzo iyi divi - rufu uye yokukanganwa, kupanga neururami uye kunamata, hope ane ramangwana rakajeka ndiye chokwadi. Izvi Muitiro kwakasimbiswa muminda ounyanzvi akasiyana-siyana. It haina vakarega uye mabhuku. Chii decadence mumabhuku?

Vatsoropodzi vakawanda, kufunga ichi kuitika, shandisa mashoko akadai sokuti "chiNazi romanticism", "ano" uye "Chirevo". Asi zvinokosha kuziva kuti vose hadzikwanisi kuvhenekera decadence, sezvo kazhinji chete chikamu chenyaya hombe kufamba. Zvinonzi vaidavira kuti decadence mumabhuku anodzokera muzana remakore rechi18, unonzi muvambi Montesquieu uye pedyo nguva continuer - munyori uye achitsoropodza French Desiree Nizarda.

Zvisinei, vatsoropodzi vakawanda havana kufanana mabhuku ichi mhando, uye ivo akapotsa aita shoko "decadence" kutuka, baiting Viktora Gyugo uye Romanticism zvavo. Zvisinei, nguva kwakaratidza kuti basa sezvo Hugo uye muteveri tiri kufunga kutungamirirwa Edgar Allan Poe, achiri nechido verenga nevanhu ano. Kwete kutikanganwa uye Sharl Bodler uye Teofil Gote, uyo akaita mashoko-akakutadzira shoko rinoshandiswa sechiratidzo rukudzo.

Vaiona decadence pamusoro negation "banal mberi." Pakati Russian "vakuru" dzakaora (1880 -. 1890 gg) Ko anozivikanwa vadetembi nevanyori kufanana Dobrolyubov, F. Sologub, Konstantin Balmont, I. Konevskaya, Zinaida Gippius, D. Merezhkovsky uye "mangwanani" Bruce. Modern muRussia raimiririra predsimvolist M. Minsky, munyori LN Andreev, I. F. Annensky.

Naizvozvo decadence pfungwa nheyo mamwe kuitika zvakawanda panguva imwe mabhuku. Ivo zvinoratidzwa Blok uye Anna Akhmatova, muna Bryusov uye Kandinsky, kubva Igor Stravinsky nevamwe vazhinji, rava kunzi chaiwo mabhuku Russian.

Munguva yedu anotanga munguva itsva ose kubudirira. Muna February gore rokupedzisira rapfuura chemakore Maroussia Klimova (munyori) uye Vaeriy novikov (the artist) akapedza mutambo Decadence rinonzi "The Dark Night". Uye kuti kwaingova kutanga. Muna 1005 iri Club pana Brest muMoscow vakapfuura mutambo zvakare achitungamirirwa mutungamiri "Boston Tea Party" wenhau Vladimir Preobrazhensky. Nhasi mabhuku decadence aparadzana venyika, kubva Gothic uye retro nzvimbo, rakapotsa Internet achitsanangura vateereri kwayo. "Courtly decadence" munyika ano achakurumidza kusvika vakawanda decadence munguva kubudirira kwayo mukurusa - mukupera rechi18 uye mangwanani rechi19 emakore.