Chii duramazwi etymological? Historical uye etymological duramazwi

Permanent Mutauro mutauro wokuRussia anoita mutauro womunyika wokufananidzira dzakapfuma uye. Kuramba mashoko matsva nechakare - vanogona kuchinja zvishoma nezvishoma kukosha kwayo, achivapa rinoreva itsva zvinoreva. Kutaura kwedu - icho muviri mupenyu kuti nokungwarira paanoparadza kubva pachake pangozi uye basa nezvimedu, kuchawedzera itsva, yakachena, uye mashoko akakodzera. Uye kunzwisisa zvinoreva mashoko matsva, tinofanira kuva duramazwi etymological. basa rayo, mamiriro uye ukoshi zvinorondedzerwa pazasi.

tsananguro

Chii duramazwi etymological? Pakutanga kuuya mumusoro vekare dzimba mumaraibhurari akafukidza cobwebs folios. Asi ikozvino nemhaka Internet etymological duramazwi mutauro wokuRussia anowanikwa ari widest-siyana vanhu. Unogona kurishandisa chero nguva.

Mhinduro kumubvunzo wokuti chii duramazwi etymological iri huri tsananguro. maduramazwi izvi kutsanangura kwakatangira uye nhoroondo mashoko akasiyana. Mashoko akawanda - dzisiri necheSalvic mavambo, avo pakutanga zvichinje dzimwe nguva yakati kure kwakajairika. Kunyange shoko "Mabviro" - vemamwe mavambo. Izwi iri akakweretwa kubva mutauro wechiGiriki uye panofanira zvikamu zviviri: mududziro etymos - rinoreva "chokwadi" Logo - "shoko". Tikafunga izvi pfungwa mbiri ndiyo "chokwadi mashoko." The munhuwo nan'anuro zvinopa pfungwa zvinotaurwa Mabviro, uye kuti duramazwi kwakadaro etymological. Kazhinji mashoko, duramazwi iri mazita mashoko wokumwe kana Russian kwakabva, imwe neimwe ine pachake nhoroondo yaro uye dudziro.

History of Mabviro

Kuedza kutsanangura zvinorehwa nemashoko akazviratidza refu asati kupararira kunyora, takanzwa anobvuta inoshanda Sumerian, muEgipita, weAkkadian vakachenjera, umo akatsanangura zvinoreva mashoko mutauro waamai. Uye mumazuva iwayo kwaiva mashoko vaiva vakuru kupfuura kwenzanga kupfuura kare, kwakabva chiri zvichida kuramba hazvitaurwi.

Kwemazana emakore, mitauro, uye nyika yakasananiswa, zvakawanda uye kunyangarika, kudzorera upenyu mashoko matsva. Asi nguva dzose paiva nevanhu vanounganidza vasara zvipenga kutaura uye edza kutsanangura navo. duramazwi rokutanga etymological yaisanganisira mashoko uye zvirevo mashoma. Gare gare, mashoko kuwedzerwa, uye chikamu chimwe nechimwe hwekutaura akasarudzwa pachake dudziro.

Russian mutauro Mashoko

The yepamutemo etymological Duramazwi mutauro wokuRussia kokutanga yakabudiswa muna 1835. Asi nguva refu kuti unoedza kutsanangura zvinorehwa uye kwakabva mashoko. Saka, Lev Uspensky mu ukuru rinonzi "The zvakaedza mashoko" kutungamirira okuti Feofania Prokopovich kuti vanoumba Dictionary - "Ita duramazwi" - kushanda nesimba uye rakaoma. Kunyange chete kuunganidza mashoko ose mutauro chaiko, mekuparadzanisa nevakawanda mashoko kubva dzakananga Tichitevera tumitauro, Govorkov - zvakapfurikidza. Nepo iyi vazhinji vakaisa makore akawanda hwavo kuitira kuti vaunganidze mashoko mutauro waamai mune rimwe duramazwi etymological.

The maduramazwi yokutanga

History akachengetedza mazita okutanga iyi, vateresi mashoko Russian. Vaiva FS Shimkevich, KF Reyff, MM Izyumov, N. V. Goryaev, A. N. Chudino nevamwe. Duramazwi mutauro Russian zvayo ano chimiro chokutanga etymological akauya kwezana remakore rechi20. Muvambi wayo boka nyanzvi dzemitauro, masayendisiti inotungamirwa Professor AG Chitarisiko. Under rokuti "The etymological Duramazwi mutauro wokuRussia," Iye ikazobudiswazve kanoverengeka, sezvo Akave nokuvandudza. Okupedzisira anozivikanwa Magazini Mikoko 1954 gore.

kupfuura akataura duramazwi The etymological akaanyora M. Fasmer. bhuku rokutanga yakabudiswa muna 1953. Pasinei vakawanda mitauro mabasa rakabudiswa nyanzvi dzemitauro Russian Papera Fasmerovsky etymological duramazwi mutauro wokuRussia anonzi kupfuura simba Bhuku rwayo.

Kudzidza Kwatingaita Shoko

Rurimi ose panyika rudzi rwakafanana rwizi - zviri dzichichinja nokutora pane zvitsva siyana. Mumwe nomumwe wedu akaona sei zvishoma nezvishoma ataura mutauro kunosanganisira, mashoko matsva chikwereti kana dzakachinjwa uye rose mitsara. Panguva iyoyo pfungwa vakwegura uye kashoma-kushandiswa kuenda - "kushambidzwa panze" mutauro. Vakatendeutswa uye chimiro drafting mashoko - dzimwe nguva inopa kuva nyore, dzimwe nguva kwakanyanya okuwedzera hurongwa kuti zvinoita fungidzira uye kuratidza.

kududzira mashoko

Tsanangudzo mashoko - zvisiri nyore. nomumwe kudzidzwa zvinoratidza kwete chete mazita mhirikiro vake kare uye chipo, asi kutsvaka nemidzi inzwi kana chiperengo mashoko akafanana, rinoongorora zvinogoneka nzira kufamba munhu mashoko kubva mutauro mumwe. On enhoroondo kuchinja kuitika nemashoko akasiyana-siyana mutauro wokuRussia, anoudza duramazwi dzakaitika uye etymological. It chinotarisa sei kuchinja nezvaanoreva zvakasiyana-siyana shoko iri pamusoro nguva. Panewo duramazwi pfupi etymological - payo kazhinji kunoratidza tsananguro pfupi shoko uye mukana kwayo mavambo.

A mienzaniso mishoma

Chii duramazwi etymological ngatikurukurei mienzaniso mishomanana. Munhu wose anoziva shoko "munhu akanyorera". Etymological duramazwi mutauro Russian anotsanangura kuti mitauro chikwata ane midzi German. Asi mutauro wokuGermany shoko rinobva muchiLatin. "Ushamwari" zvinoreva, mumutauro vaRoma vekare. Zvinenge chete zvinoreva vasiyana shoko mumutauro wokuGermany. Asi mutauro ano Russian anopa "Entrant" akasiyana zvikuru rinoreva. Nhasi, anonzi murume unouya dzidzo yepamusorosoro. Etymological duramazwi uye pfungwa zvinobva pashoko iri - wacho, abiturientsky. Ongororo dzinoratidza kuti adjectives vashoma uye cognate mashoko, asi gare gare chikwata ichi mitauro akapinda mutauro wokuRussia. Kuberekwa Russian "munhu akanyorera" haana kuitika kwokutanga kupfuura pakutanga XIX remakore.

Pamwe mashoko iwayo kuti isu waisitora Russian, muri zvishoma zvinonakidza Biography? Pano, somuenzaniso, vanoziva uye vanoziva shoko "chitsitsinho". Hazvina vanofanira kutsanangura, zviri mumitauro yose necheSalvic, uye vanoona zviri mumagwaro ekare. Asi nhoroondo shoko nemasayendisiti kudzidza saka kure, uye pfungwa yakajeka nezvekwakabva "chitsitsinho" uchiripo. Vamwe zvinowanwa kubva vanhuwo necheSalvic midzi, "uta", iro rinoreva "kukotama kugokora." Dzimwe nyanzvi vanoomerera pane Turkish shanduro - iri mumutauro Tatars uye eMongolia "Ka'b" rinoreva "chitsitsinho." Etymological duramashoko unbiased zvabuda pamapeji dzavo vaviri shanduro kwakabva "chitsitsinho", tichisiya sarudzo vaverengi.

Funga vanoziva shoko - ". Sveverera" Saka tinoti pamahedhifoni uye all scammers. Iye zvino, "vanoverevedza" - anozivikanwa kutukwa, asi kana munhu-sveverera vaigara kuremekedza uye kukoshesa. Zvakaratidza, sapamazuva Russia akadana kuvachuchisi - parizvino kugara zvakadaro chinzvimbo Vachuchisi. Shoko rine Odin mavambo. Sezvineiwo, mune mimwe mitauro necheSalvic (kunze Russian uye Ukrainian), haina kushandiswa.

zvabuda

Zvichireva duramazwi etymological hunokosha. Kana uchiziva kududzirwa mamwe mashoko, unogona kunzwisisa zviri nyore ose nuances zvainonyatsoreva. duramazwi Etymological achaita kuti muverengi kupfuura kuverenga, sezvo kazhinji yakarurama chiperengo muchiRussia kupupurirwa kusarudzwa cognate mashoko. Mukuwedzera, mutauro wokuRussia kwazvo inonyatsoziva dzakasiyana-siyana zvikwereti. Shoko German, Chirungu, French akawana ari zvishoma dzakachinja chimiro, kuti yakarurama izvo zvinogona achasimbiswa kushandisa duramazwi chete. Havafaniri kutsanangura Nechii etymological duramazwi, vadzidzi dzavanhu Africa, vatori venhau, vashanduri, vadzidzisi mabhuku. Vose vanoita basa chokuita neshoko. Kwavari, etymological duramazwi - chinhu chinokosha kushandisa basa.