China - nyika yakakurumbira kudarika dzimwe munyika

Pakapera October 2011 vepasi rakapfuura mabhiriyoni 7. Chokwadi chokuti nyika yakakurumbira kudarika dzimwe munyika - China, aizivikanwa wose, uye ichokwadi kubva panguva yakare. Nokuti foreseeable munhoroondo yebudiriro yevanhu , vagari China kwakaita yagara kupfuura vazhinji. Haasi masanga matambudziko wevanotungamirira wana pano zvikurukuru pamwero.

nyaya

In pakati XIX remakore aiva Chinese imwe vanhu matatu redu. nyika yakakurumbira kudarika dzimwe munyika kudzokorora apo vagari vanenge mamiriyoni 420, uye vakawanda, maererano nokumwe kufungidzira, vanhu mabhiriyoni 1.25 pose. Yokushomeka nyika yakakodzera zvokurima, pasinei huru kukura nyika, vakanga nguva dzose kushanda, asi nenguva China apo kurima anotora vazhinji chavagari, ivo kuzonzi rakakura pezvose.

Sezvo 1850 mu China vakatanga hondo ropa, iro yakakanda Taiping, vaigara kumaodzanyemba kwenyika. Vakamukira chiManchu Qing youmambo, kurutivi uto wokumwe vaiva - the British uye French. Nokuti hafu gumi, akauraya 20 vanhu mamiriyoni 30 kusvika. nhamba yake wekare ndiyo nyika kupfuura vakawanda munyika akagona kupora chete kutanga imwe hondo - World War Wokutanga.

The kwaita China

Migumisiro yehondo pamwe Japan vaiva China kwete nemafashamo sezvo migumisiro yacho Taiping kupandukira. Pasinei chokwadi kuti kurasikirwa Chinese hondo yakanga masere nguva hukuru kupfuura Imperial Japan, havangaverengwi dzakawanda pfuma China zvakakonzera chokwadi kuti pakazopera hondo, vagari vemo yakawedzera kusvika mamiriyoni 538.

Hondo Japan chikatsiviwa wehurumende - kundorwisa vanhu Rorusununguko pamusoro KMT. Somugumisiro mukukunda Mao Zedong nemauto ndiyo nyika kupfuura pakazara zvenyika yakapfuurira kurarama pasi zita idzva - the People kuti Republic.

The toughest wevanotungamirira negwaro

Chokutanga, hurumende itsva vakatsigira paumbwe mhuri huru. Pakazosvika 1960, vanhu vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni 650 munyika China pamusoro. Asi zvikuru upfumi mutemo pamusoro Communist Party of China inotungamirirwa ari "helmsman guru" kwakaita kuti aiparadza mamiriro ezvinhu ane urongwa zvokudya. Pamigumisiro nenzara vakaurayiwa, maererano nokufungidzira siyana, vanhu 20 kusvika mamiriyoni 40 kubva. Asi Nokurasikirwa vakanga zvaizopedza nemupristi pakuberekwa rates, uye mangwanani eighties, asi vagari China zvasvika vanhu mamiriyoni 969.

Imwe nzira kurwisa yokushomeka zvokurima zvigadzirwa Mao akafunga pamuviri. CCP wakatanga kurwisa mumwe rutsigiro, zvino pasi sirogani kuti "mhuri imwe - mumwe mwana". Under Mashoko iyi kushandisa mitemo kugovera inoomesera chirango marongedzero nokuda kwaita mwana wechipiri mumhuri. Somugumisiro kwouwandu hwevanhu mumakore gumi apfuura vapiswa.

nuances nhamba

Kunyange zvazvo nhasi chete cheshanu Wepanyika ose - mugari China, uye zvikuru dzine vanhu vakawanda nyika munyika - zvipfupi ezvinhu Monaco, ivo nhamba chete pamutemo rinomiririra wevanotungamirira mamiriro ezvinhu. Kuwanda Chinese pane imwe km ² - 648 vanhu, inova katatu isingasviki nhamba vagari Monaco nzvimbo chete, asi akapa musiyano iri kukura kunyika mbiri, tinogona kutaura kuti izvi wevanotungamirira chakarurama mu China - mumwe soro iri nyika.

Izvi nokuda zvikuru gogonera kuparadzirwa vemo. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, kunyanya munzvimbo huru mumaguta, yevagari arambe achirema iri kakawanda kupfuura munzvimbo hapana kunyange nyika arable. Zvichida, Bangladesh - chaizvoizvo zvikuru dzine vanhu vakawanda nyika yekurima munyika, asi chakakoshera yekare Chinese chinoti "Vanhu vakawanda, asi vashoma panyika" kunosimbiswa.

tarisiro

Zvisinei, Policy Population kukura kurambidzwa mu China michero, achipa pave nemamwe matambudziko panguva - rakapinza kuwedzera kuchembera vemo uye disparity pakati uwandu varume nevakadzi. Kunyange zvazvo vagari vakawana nzira dzakasiyana-siyana kuti circumvent yokurambidzwa kuti mwana wechipiri - Somuenzaniso, vakadzi kubereka mune dzimwe nyika, apo vana vanopiwa vorumwe rudzi - the Chinese hurumende achida hwokufungazve vanachandagwinyira yevagari mutemo, kunyanya kumamisha.

Nyanzvi dzinofungidzira kuti panozosvika gore 2050 zvichanyatsoitika yakasiyana mhinduro yomubvunzo pamusoro chii nyika kupfuura vakawanda munyika. Masvomhu dzavo dzinoratidza kuti panzvimbo China zvinogona kutora imwe kusimukira hofori - India. Kunyange nhasi, musiyano uri pakati mabasa kunyika mbiri haisi kukuru. Maererano nenhamba, pakutanga 2016 mu China, musha 1.374.440.000 vanhu India - 1.283.370 000. Kana, zvisinei, kufungawo slowdown iri kukura mwero vanogara munyika yanhasi mutungamiri uye rakadzikama kukura chakarurama izvi chimwe chezvinhu dynamically kusimukira ari nyika yaro ezvoupfumi zvinogona, achabvisa ukoshi tarisiro yakadaro.