Connective shoko - chii? How chidzore shoko mubatanidzwa?

In zvirevo yakaoma, nguva dzose kusangana conjunctions. Izvi hazvishamisi, sezvo zvikamu vaitaura izvi, kusiyana slozhnosochinennogo rirege chokuita neimwe nzira. Tinofanira kunzwisisa zvinhu sungano mashoko, zvavari havadi mibatanidzwa sei zvinoshandiswa mundima.

Conjunctions

Ichi chinokosha nokutaura zviumbu kuripo yokukurukura pane omurume clauses pamwe mukuru sezvo chikamu kunzwisisa mutongo. The chikuru dambudziko iri vane mumwe, asi kunze vachiri zvinosiyana.

The Union haasi chakaparadzana shoko, haisi nhengo vaitaura, hazvigoni kutsiviwa nechimwe rakazvimirira neshoko. A connective shoko rinoreva dzakazvimirira nhengo kutaura uye saka anoita somunhu mutongo wake yekuberekesa. In rugwaro zvichibvira pasina pakukuvadza kuti zvinorehwa ne dzimwe zvisazitasingwi uye pronominal adverbs, nekuti basa pamwe mashoko uye kutamba pachavo zvisazitasingwi uye adverbs.

Humwe zviri misiyano

The pamusoro handizvo chete unhu kuti vaparadzane conjunctions. Kusiyana navo vavete chokwadi kuti mibatanidzwa havana musoro mutongo mupfungwa, uye anowira pasi shoko mubatanidzwa. Enzanisa: "Ndine chokwadi (mubatanidzwa), haazopindi." / "Handizivi chii (connective shoko), izvozvo uchauya nguva ino."

Chimwe chirwirangwe akasiyana Union matauriro kuti pashure chaizvo pasiri ipo nezvimedu: zviri, kunyange. Mushure mubatanidzwa mashoko, inoramba aya anogona kununura. Heino mimwe mienzaniso: "Basa rangu Kuyerera kunakidza kudarika (pamwe) kweyokutanga." / "Bvunza chii (shoko pamwe uye PARTICIPLE) achazviita." "Ndinoziva kuti chii (shoko mubatanidzwa uye PARTICIPLE) achazviita."

Pakupedzisira, pane mumwe zvakadzama kubatsira kusiyanisa pakati syntactic dzakabatana yakafanana: mubatanidzwa dzimwe nguva zvichiita kubvisa zvose vaitaura kunatsiridza nyora kwayo, asi zvausingafaniri shoko mubatanidzwa. Mienzaniso: "Nahum akaudza Olga kuti (mubatanidzwa) akanga achizoshanyira mbuya vangu." Enzanisa: "Nahum akaudza Olga akanga achizoshanyira mbuya vangu." / "Michael akafunga pamusoro kunzwa kuti (mubatanidzwa neshoko) saka vakakurumidza kwakachinja upenyu hwake." Hazvibviri siya shoko pamwe, kwete kuwana nyangarara, "Michael akafunga pamusoro kunzwa, saka vakakurumidza akachinja upenyu hwake hwose. '

Chinhu pamusoro mibatanidzwa

Unions kuchiwana zvikamu pfungwa, uye yunifomu nhengo kuoma. Maererano morphological unhu, vari akakamurwa nyore uye zvakaoma, uye akakura panguva slozhnosochinennye. Slozhnosochinennye mibatanidzwa, akavapindurawo, vari mapoka mapoka; kubatana (uye, zvakare, kwete chete ... asi); ADVERSATIVE (asi, asi, asi, asi); kuparadzanise (kana, chinhu ... chinhu kana kwete ... hazvisi).

Subordinating conjunctions mhando nhanhatu:

• Reason: nekuti kuti, sezvo, nokuti kuti, nokuti kuti, uye vamwe. (Muenzaniso: "By Antosha vaenzi vasvika, nokuti ane zuva nhasi.")
• Target: kuti, kuti, kuti. (Muenzaniso: "Kuti tiwane Coordonatele, zvakatora iye nekambasi.")
• Nguva: kusvikira apo, kwangopera, chete chete. (Muenzaniso: "Kuchava rima, kana ndasvika kwamuri.")
• Zvimiso: kana, kana, kana, kana. (Muenzaniso: "Tinogona kutyora kana kusvetuka kubva yakakwirira kwazvo.")
• Tikaenzanisa: akaita se akaita zvakafanana. (Somuenzaniso: "Iye akatamba saka kwazvo akafuridzirwa, sokunge kokupedzisira.")
• Izjasnitelnyh: seizvi kuna. (Muenzaniso: "Akanga kufunga sei kutiza pasina kumutsa kunyumwira.")

Zvino isu ongorora zvizere kuti chii chiratidzo ukoshi anogona kushandiswa muna mashoko.

zvisazitasingwi

Ndizvo, pakutanga kwezvose, hama zvisazitasingwi, iyo nguva kuti zvinhu, anoti uye zviito. Tatoona mienzaniso zvisazitasingwi kuti pane. Mukuwedzera vanoshandisa zviratidzo munhu chii, uyo, iyo, sezvo shoko mubatanidzwa. mienzaniso:

• "Ndakanzwa mumwe zvino kushanda Ivan."
• "Funga nezvokuti ndiani unogona kusangana munzvimbo akasiya musha."
• "Ndakaona runako ichi, izvo haana kusangana kwake kubva kuSwitzerland."
• "The papfudzi Sergei akanzwa kurwadziwa, iyo nguva dzose nezvaiva asina kunaka ekunze."

Sezvatambotaura, shoko pamwe anogona nguva dzose kutsiva mumwe chisazitasingwi. Somuenzaniso, wokupedzisira mutongo vangatarira akafanana saka:

• "The papfudzi Sergei akanzwa kurwadziwa, iye agara nezvaiva asina kunaka ekunze."

Nhamba chisazitasingwi mu basa Union kutaura

Semubatanidzwa, ivo vamiriri vanoti sei zvikuru kuti anonzi nhamba zvisazitasingwi:

• "Gennady Ndakabvunza kuti akwegura akanga asiri muRussia."

Kushandiswa pronominal adverbs

Basa Union anogona kuzadzisa mashoko uye zvisazitasingwi adverbs: apo, apo, apo, sei, apo, nei, sei, nei. Heano mazano kubva chingashamwaridzana mashoko muchikwata ichi:

• "Titsanangurirei kwandiri vose zvakafanana, kwaunoenda ose usiku."
• "Eugene vakareurura, apo akaita mamiriyoni ake."
• "Ndinoziva makanga pashure pokudya kwemasikati."
• "Alec akaudza nokushivirira ini sei uye nei akanga ari mumusasa muvengi."
• "Nyaya yacho nguva maoko kuenda pasi, uye hapana kufuridzirwa kana simba."
• "Anoda kuziva nei akauya mudzimai uyu."

Uye vaitaura izvi chingashamwaridzana mashoko anogona kutsiviwa nevamwe mashoko anokosha, achisimbisa pfungwa kuti hazvibviri chokuita mibatanidzwa.

Zvimwe zviri pamwe mashoko

The specificity pamusoro pamwe nemashoko ndechokuti idzowo yakatsiga vaviri pamwe zvomuenzaniso mashoko saka - sezvo ikoko - apo kudaro - zvikuru sei, iye - uyo, chii - chii - ndiani - chii uye nevamwe. mienzaniso:

• "Ini ndini chete upfumi zvinodhura kuti zvakaberekwa akatendeseka basa."
• "Matrona aiziva mashoko mazhinji, zvinoita sokuti, Handiyeuki chete munhu."
• "Ndicho murume anoshamisa uyo akapa vanhu tariro."

Omubatanidzwa mashoko mitsetse yakaoma hakufaniri kuvhiringidzwa kumiririra mibatanidzwa. Kusiyana navo inogona pakutsvaga yapfuura urongwa. Heuno muenzaniso ane mbiri zvakanaka - se:

1. Sezvo - chimwe pamwe, "Ilya akati chinhu, sezvo akanga asina kutaura." The zvakataurwa hausi nhengo sungano kupfimbwa, haina kuva musoro kunetseka, hazvigoni ne yakazvimirira neshoko. Kana iwe bvisa, vachiisa munzvimbo ine muura, zvinorehwa mashoko hakuzochinji, "Ilya akati chinhu: akanga asina kutaura."
2. Saka - sei mubatanidzwa vaviri mashoko sezvo indekisi mashoko seizvi: "Handina kumbobvira aifanira kukurira dambudziko iri sezvandakaita kuti nhasi." Union sezvo shoko - ndicho pronominal dudzirachiito ari mutongo ndechokuti kuita. Nezvokuvandudzika musoro kushushikana, pashure zvakakodzera PARTICIPLE, hazvigoni dzadzimwa kubva kuroorwa, pasina rusaruro kune zvaanoreva. Panewo nyora musiyano; pakati penhindi rinoumba Union nyora chiratidzo haina nechinangwa, uye pakati indekisi uye omubatanidzwa shoko iri. Uyezve, shoko hazvireve nezvechimwe rinomirira pedyo Union: "Handina kumbobvira akanga saka kupedza dambudziko iri, sezvandakamboita nhasi."

Takawana kuti connective shoko, sei zvakasiyana kubva pamwe, uye sei kudzivisa zvikanganiso zviri tsanangudzo yacho.