Contrainsular mahormone: mashandiro chiito, mhando

Kudzidza hormone mutemo muviri mubasa zvesayenzi - momuviri. Uyezve, mashandiro ichi chiito kuti zvoutachiona yeimwe iri zvokurapa akadai nemakemikari omuviri. Vaviri sayenzi aya zvikuru, nekuti mahormone vane zvinofurira dzakawanda dzakasiyana, zvakakodzera kuti zvakajairika inoshanda. Zviri izvi zvinhu zviri kukonzera zvose zvamarudzi muviri pamuviri (carbohydrate, mapuroteni, mafuta). Nokuda kwaizvozvo pane kugovera simba zvinovaka muviri zvinodiwa kuti tirarame. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha mahormone ndiyo jekiseni. Sezvaunoziva, kana kukundikana kutyora carbohydrate muviri uye kugadzira chirwere cheshuga. Uyezve, hapana zvisinganyanyi kukosha, muri contrainsular mahormone. Vanewo kunodiwa kuti tibu- kupanana zvinhu. Uyezve, mumwe nomumwe ava zvoutachiona yeimwe anoita ayo ushande.

Contrainsular mahormone - chii?

Sezvo chikazozikamwa, insulin vaifanira kuzvidzora shuga nhanho. Kana ukasunungurwa shoma, kana kwete kunzwisisa receptors, ipapo munhu hwapedyo chirwere cheshuga. Unofanirawo kuziva kuti ngozi kwete chete drawback, asi ane nekumwisa fuma iyi zvipenyu. Kuti inactivate panzvimbo muviri, pane contrainsular hormone, uye kwete mumwe, asi akawanda. vose vane siyana zvinokonzerwa pamusoro carbohydrate muviri. Kunyange zvakadaro, mumwe nomumwe wavo kunoita kuti vasanyanye jekiseni wevasungwa muropa. Mumwe nemumwe mahormone izvi anogadzirwa muviri "yavo". For utachiona nzvimbo mashoko zvigadzirwa zvinosanganisira rwatata uye thyroid shwanu, adrenal omumuviri, pfungwa uye testes.

ramangwana

Kontrinsulyarnyh kemikari - imwe pfuma kuti zvakafanira kupa carbohydrate muviri mumuviri. chiito Its nechinangwa kuramba chakaipa shuga yomuropa. Uyezve, mumwe nomumwe kontrinsulyarnyh kemikari vanechokuita vayo basa, kwete chokuita muviri. Normal ropa shuga pamwero anoda kubva 3,3 kusvika 5.5 mmol. Kana jekiseni riri basa kuona kuti shuga wevasungwa haana kuwedzera, mhandu ayo zvakakodzera kuramba dzakaderera panogumira chakarurama ichi. With vasanyanye ropa shuga yomuropa kunoitika ngozi muviri ezvinhu - yomuropa. It kunoratidzwa kurasikirwa nesimba, akaderedza BP, tachycardia uye tremor. Kana munhu asingadi kuwana nguva yokubatsira, yomuropa kunogona kutungamirira pakoma. Kuti izvi zvisaitike, panodiwa mahormone, ari kwokururamisa chiito insulin yakakodzera. Izvi zvinhu mumuviri zvishoma.

mhando

Contrainsular mahormone vane utachiona zvinhu aburitswa siyana kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero. Kuwedzera yayo mashandiro anoita nomumwe yeimwe izvi unogona waidzora carbohydrate muviri. Zvisinei, kuti tirambe ropa shuga yomuropa hwemazuva, zvakafanira kuti nokushanda zvose izvi zvinhu. The chaivo remubatanidzwa chinonzi antagonist insulin yakakodzera, akakamurwa inotevera mapoka:

1. Thyroid mahormone. Izvi zvinosanganisira thyroxine.
2. Zvinhu vakasunungurwa cortical uye medullary akaturikidzana ari adrenal mumasero. Vamiririri boka iri - cortisol uye adrenaline.
3. STH. It anomira kunze pituitary shwanu.
4. Contrainsular kemikari secreted ne kwemakemikari anobudiswa rwatata. Ichi remubatanidzwa yomuzvarirwo ndiye glucagon.
5. Testosterone. It anogadzirwa adrenal cortex, uye nhongo gonads - testes.

Mumwe nomumwe mahormone izvi secreted "pachake" kwemakemikari anobudiswa shwanu. Kunyange zvakadaro, havana nokudzorwa hypothalamic-pituitary hurongwa, iri muuropi.

Contrainsular mahormone: mashandiro chiito mumuviri

Pasinei chokwadi kuti vose mhandu insulin yakakodzera sei carbohydrate muviri, mashandiro chiito wakasiyana navo. Chakonzerwa ropa shuga yomuropa ane glucagon. kemikari ichi anogadzirwa nerwatata nguva dzose. Zvisinei, kana ropa shuga wevasungwa zvinoderedza, secretion pamusoro fuma kunosimudzirwa. mashandiro ayo kuita kuri pakuti zvinokanganisawo chiropa masero. Pamusana chikamu chino kuchengeterwa rwemhuri shuga ukasunungurwa uye anopinda muropa. Kumwe mashandiro chiito kwakacherechedzwa kukura dzimwe contrainsular mahormone - adrenaline. The adrenal cortex dzinounzwa glucocorticoids. With kuperevedza shuga muropa, mahormone izvi kunoita kwetunhu kwayo panguva cellular vanochiva ndiko kutungamirira kuti paumbwe shuga kubva amino acids. Thyroid mahormone kuwedzera nezvaizoitwa adrenaline. Somatotropin ane kontrinsulyarnyh mugumisiro chete akawanda, kazhinji pauduku (panguva kukura).

Kusakarongeka pakati pancreatic mahormone

Rwatata Nde mutumbi kwemakemikari anobudiswa hurongwa kukanganisa carbohydrate muviri. Iye anoita zvose kwemakemikari anobudiswa uye secretory ushande. Anatomically, kuti kwemakemikari anobudiswa chikamu rwatata ndiwo muswe. Mariri pane remasangano sezvo nezviduku ose Langerhans. The masero anatomical nharaunda aya anokonzera secretion anoverengeka siyana mahormone. Chikamu chacho secretes jekiseni. Mamwe masero pave kemikari "glucagon". Paumbwe uye kusunungurwa kupinda neropa fuma unochinja padanho shuga. Vazhinji shuga wevasungwa ndiyo mureza jekiseni kugadzirwa. Kazhinji, kemikari ichi anoramba ropa shuga kuruoko vanochiva yokudzidzivirira kubva pakubuda. It is antagonist insulin yakakodzera, glucagon, izvo, nekusiyana, ndiye kusunungurwa shuga muropa. basa kwakarongeka pakati rwatata kemikari chendangariro chakaipa carbohydrate muviri mumuviri. Kana secretory basa chawo vasingadzoreki upi chikonzero, kubatsira vamwe nhengo yacho kwemakemikari anobudiswa hurongwa.

Kontrinsulyarnyh Kugadzirwa mahormone nokuda adrenal mumasero

jekiseni mhandu vachishingaira anogadzirwa adrenal mumasero. nhengo idzi mbiri akaturikidzana. Pose mahormone idzi dzakaumbwa. The adrenal cortex contrainsular zvazviri vane androgens uye glucocorticoids. rubatsiro wokutanga kuwedzera padanho shuga munzira mbiri. A mumiririri boka iri - kemikari cortisol. It anowedzera nhamba makemikari zvakafanira kutendeuka amino acids kuti shuga. Chimwe mugumisiro cortisol raro kukwanisa goho "zvokuvakisa" nokuti shuga kubva tsandanyama tishu. Saka, zvinoshingaira kemikari Inowedzera glyukoneonegeza muitiro. Kuwedzera cortisol ari cortex ikabereka androgens. mahormone ava steroid zvinhu. chikuru basa ravo ndiwo paumbwe yechipiri dzepabonde zvatariswa. Mukuwedzera, ivo kukanganisa muviri kwemapurotini uye makabhohaidhiretsi. The adrenal medulla iri synthesized contrainsular mahormone - adrenaline. Kana kusunungurwa kune ropa shuga wevasungwa inowedzerwa.

Crank: chaizvo carbohydrate muviri

Kemikari adrenaline anozivikanwa kwete chete kune vanachiremba. Vanhu vakawanda vanoziva kuti nefuma ukasunungurwa kupinda ropa panguva kuzvidya mwoyo kana kutya. Zvechokwadi, kuti adrenaline runowanzotaurwa nezvarwo nokutya. A chaiwo Kupindura ichi kemikari kusunungurwa ndiko locomotor basa yakawedzera kwemwoyo, dilation pamusoro vadzidzi. Uyewo fuma iyi synthesized murabhoritari uye inoshandiswa mukurapa. Kuwedzera activation pamusoro cardiac basa, adrenaline ndiyo sei carbohydrate muviri, kureva ane kontrinsulyarnyh mugumisiro. mashandiro ayo kuita nenzira dzinotevera:

1. Iye hunoita kuti kumhanyisa kuti gluconeogenesis.
2. Zvinokanganisawo kuparara glycogen mune skeletal tsandanyama. Izvi zvinoitwa adrenaline zvikuru raidudzwa.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti maererano mupfungwa runyararo kemikari asingadi kuwedzera ropa shuga kuwanda. Sezvo choutsi dzayo hadzina yakawedzera hyperglycemia. In ichi zvakasiyana kubva mashandiro chiito kuti glucagon. Chiratidzo kuti ribude adrenaline iri mupfungwa mufaro, mupfungwa.

Testosterone: The mabasa mumuviri

Testosterone - kemikari kontrinsulyarnyh, izvo neve wechirume gonads. Uyewo, shoma zvoutachiona steroid synthesized mune adrenal cortex. kuwedzera kwetsandanyama, mapfupa kukura, activation kuti spermatozoa uye erythropoiesis: anotevera Marwadzo chikuru mashandiro anoita testosterone. Mukuwedzera, kemikari kunowedzera metabolic pezvakaitwa mumuviri, kusanganisira carbohydrate. Maererano nenhamba, shoma masayendisiti, varume vane zvakawanda testosterone muropa, zvisinganyanyi nacho chirwere cheshuga uye kufutisa.

Ndoupi contrainsular mahormone hwakasimba?

Zvechokwadi haagoni kupindura mubvunzo, chii contrainsular mahormone simba zvikuru. Zvose izvi zvoutachiona zvinhu sei kuwedzera ropa shuga yomuropa uye kuwedzera muviri ose makabhohaidhiretsi. Zvinoitwa nomumwe mahormone izvi ndiwo vanetsane insulin yakakodzera. Kunyange zvakadaro, icho fuma chinhu antagonist kuti mukuru zvakadini kunoenderana wevasungwa imwe akakura. Under kwomuzvarirwo ezvinhu, simba kupfuura kemikari glucagon anganzi. With kuwedzera thyroid fuma iyi anova thyroxine, pamwe adrenal mapundu - cortisol kana adrenaline.