STH: namakemikari hunhu, zvipenyu migumisiro zvokurwara

Makemikari - bioactive zvinhu kuti synthesized uye secreted ne kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero zvakananga kupinda ropa, cerebrospinal mvura kana node. Makemikari kuratidza mukuru bioactivity mu miniscule mishonga ine 10-3 uye kunyange 10-6 MG. Ivo kuratidza pfupi-rokuti chiito uye vari kukurumidza kuparadzwa.

Properties mahormone.

Nokuti vakawanda mahormone deciphered ari samolecular marongerwo. Vakawanda vavo vari vakawana yakachena muchimiro (folliculin, jekiseni); vamwe vavo vari synthesized (jekiseni, adrenaline, cortisone). Basa racho kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero inotongwa tsinga. Uyewo, mashoko anenge shwanu sei tsinga. Makemikari kukanganisa muviri kwemapurotini, makabhohaidhiretsi, nucleic acids, lipids uye zvicherwa.

STH (kukura kemikari, kukura kemikari, kukura kemikari) oga kubva Anterior pituitary zvakabviswa Evans uye Long muna 1921. Pituitary shwanu - chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero. Pamwechete hypothalamus morphophysiological anoumba imwe gadziriro, iyo inodzora muviri dzakasiyana mirayiridzo. Kemikari iri puroteni hunhu uye oligomeric marongerwo. The samolecular kurema 23000-46000 Da. Kukura kemikari polypeptide unotora Links maviri ane 191 amino asidhi residues.

A maitiro chepfungwa kukura kemikari ndechokuti zvinoratidza mhando specificity. Zvinofanira kunzi ndiye chete pakugadzira kushingaira kukura kemikari primates kuvanhu.

Apo hypo-secretion kuwedzera kemikari zvirwere kuitika vamwe metabolic pezvakaitwa mumuviri, kureva anabolic pezvakaitwa uye kukura kwendangariro. Kana kunyanya kemikari kusunungurwa (hyperfunction prostate) vachiri vaduku, pamberi kutanga kuyaruka uye kusvikira pakupera dzinotsanagura mapfupa inotungamirwa, pane kunosimudzirwa kukura womunhu muviri, iyo inosvitsa gigantism. Growth vanhu pangava kubva 2 kusvika 2.7 m. Kunwisa kukura kemikari vakura inotungamirira kukura acromegaly. chirwere ichi kunoitika ne pituitary adenomas uye hyperplasia isiri yekenza. Zviratidzo zviri chirwere chinhu disproportionate kukura nomunhu dzomuviri, nokunyanyisa kuwedzera yayo, musoro uye munyoro zvinyama overgrowth - mhuno, miromo, rurimi, chirebvu. Nokuwedzera zvomukati, yakanyorwa hypertrophy mamwe kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero.

With kukwana kwetunhu kukura kemikari (hyposecretion) pa muduku pane dwarfism (dwarfism). Kukura haasi kupfuura 90-120 cm hapana yechipiri kurara maitiro. Pituitary dwarfs zvinoitika Proportional kuti nemamiriro muviri, musoro zvishoma kurei. Sezvo havaiti wakasiyana dzose mupfungwa kukura vanhu.

STH inokanganisa anabolic pezvakaitwa: zvaanopa simba ari biosynthesis kwemapurotini, nucleic acids, anowedzera ropa shuga yomuropa (chirwere cheshuga mugumisiro) kukurudzira reticulocytosis, hondro- uye osteogenesis.

Muviri womunhu synthesizes zhinji bioactive zvinhu, izvo inotipa manzwiro inofadza (euphoria, afare, mufaro). In nemakemikari omuviri, izvi zvinhu dzinonzi neurotransmitters, vane basa nokupfuuridzirwa etsinga nomunhu. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kweserotonin, muuropi uye dopamine - unofadza mahormone. Kweserotonin - hormone yakanaka kumunetsawo. Kana jekiseni muimba ropa, izvozvo anowedzera gwenya basa, kunonatsiridza kumunetsawo. Kushayiwa kweserotonin kungaita kuti mwoyo. Muuropi vari synthesized mumuviri mune anonetsa ezvinhu, kuderedza marwadzo. Nokusunga kuti opiate receptors, ivo tunodzivisa marwadzo, nokudaro vachikonzera euphoria. Dopamine inowanzonzi nezvavo savakuru kemikari kwemafaro. The mukuru wevasungwa ose akati remubatanidzwa muropa, chiedza manyawi.