Structural uye dzichipfekeka kuongorora Talcott Parsons

Contemporary wemagariro evanhu kunoratidzwa ne coexistence dzakasiyana pfungwa evanhu ruzivo. Chamazuva pfungwa Sociological panguva ndiyo chaizvo hwaro dzidziso muvanhu. A rakakura mberi ichi akaita pfungwa - the STRUCTURAL uye dzichipfekeka kuongorora Parsons, kuti American musayendisiti vakakurumbira akagadzira pakati rokupedzisira remakore. Today Talcott Parsons akaziva munyika zvesayenzi somumwe Classics nezvemagariro evanhu. Akasika uwane pfungwa - dzichipfekeka pachisara inova inodiwa methodological Chestkuva Sociological zivo ano munyika dzose kusiyana.

Pakati pfungwa iri pfungwa enderana, inobatanidzwa nayo yose kunzwisisa pfungwa uye nyaya dziri umambo kutsvakurudza nezvemagariro evanhu pachiyero, kurwisana, nekubvumirana uye Kushanduka nzanga hurongwa.

Parsons kutanga kunokanganisa dzichipfekeka kuongorora somunhu methodological chinogona, kusora dzidziso Henderson, Pareto, apo mukuru nzvimbo akapiwa nyaya hwenyika wayo muchinangwa shanduka munzanga. Zvadaro dingindira iri mberi nokuda Schumpeter, uyo akauya kuongorora upfumi kubva nemaonero ayo systemic hunhu.

Nokupfupikisa Zvakawanikwa nemasayendisiti, Parsons anouya kwemamiriro kuti hurongwa pachayo haigoni chinangwa kutsanangura mumagariro kuitika, saka zvinokosha kuti anosanganisira hurongwa kuongorora zvakamisa hurongwa uye kudzidza mumagariro mabasa. Saka akaberekwa misoro yokungotaura dzidzo - ". STRUCTURAL-dzichipfekeka kuongorora" Chaizvoizvo Its uvete universalism kuti nzira kuti kudzidza mapatani uye kuitika vakachengeta vemazuva munzanga upenyu.

Zvakakwana itsva dzidziso iyi chaiva kuongorora cyber zvinobatanidzwa nzanga "mamiriro tsika zvadzinoreva zvokufananidzira." Cybernetic nzira zvaiita kubata zvikuru zvakananga chete kusvikira anenge unexplored matambudziko rakatsiga uye entropy kwenzanga.

Kururamiswa Parsons dzichipfekeka pachisara akaita kuti zvikwanisike, uye itsva munotarira yakakurumbira ipapo dambudziko evanhu kunetsana. Chokwadi kuti kupararira positivism wayo nzira rakasikwa rimwe-sidedness uye kupikisana iri kududzirwa Mapato rakatsiga uye kunetsana. Naizvozvo, mubvunzo wakabvunzwa pamusoro coexistence muvanhu nyonganyonga uye kuti sezvo yokukakavadzniswa chokuita mumagariro upenyu. Nepo kukudziridza pfungwa hondo Lyuis Kozer - American Economist uye nyanzvi, chaizvoizvo, Parsons akawedzera pfungwa, nharo kuti kambani asingadi kupedza imwe yacho yakagadzikana ose inobvira inoti. mhedziso iyi yava kunyanya kukosha tuzvikonzero zvinoitwa zvoupfumi, iri kuwana inofanira cyclical ikachinja inoti - nematambudziko nguva alternated pamwe nguva hama zvoupfumi pakusimba. Naizvozvo, chadzo kuongorora upfumi uye nhasi inomira somunhu zvakakodzera methodological nzira yokudzidza zvoupfumi urongwa, kunyanya mune ngozi tinyatsonzwisisa kunge macroeconomic Zvaifungidzirwa uye nevamwe.

In Nemuromo, Parsons 'ongororo chikwata anoita dzakananga zviito wacho, pane husingaoneki nzanga yose zvayo. Ichi kusvika vangasimudzira itsva zvaiita kuongorora vanhu kwete kubva nemaonero evanhu unhu rakaitwa zvepfungwa, asi kubva nemaonero pamusoro nokuongorora yomunhu maitiro mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Maererano Parsons - mumagariro chiito iri mupasi muchadenga uye nguva maitiro, riri nokuda Implementation dzevanhu vari vanhu vamwe mabasa. Munguva mashandiro izvi vangave vachiyambuka siyana kwezvinhu, zvemagariro urongwa, tsika nemagariro enyika, uye vose vane vachava kukanganisika maitiro evanhu uye chokupika dzavo evanhu mabasa.

Ichi kusvika zvachose yepakutanga, yaisanganisira dzichipfekeka pachisara uye methodological paradigm idzva nheyo uye remangwana European evanhu. Anozivikanwa vatsivi Parsons pfungwa pano vaiva Maks Veber, Vilfredo Pareto, Robert Michels.

Kazhinji, kunyange Parsons 'dzidziso ine zvimwe zvinhu abstraction uye zvetsika, ichiri kuva akakurumbira chaizvo uye akapotsa kurayira mune Analytical kudzidza evanhu vemazuva ano.