Energy pachiyero; mamiriro, kukarukureta

Balance Energy inechirevo negadziriro zviratidzo, iyo inoratidza kuenzana kusvika vhoriyamu uye kutambisa simba, ayo zvisikwa uye kunwa mukati yayo emunharaunda (nyika, nharaunda) kana kugadzirwa (indasitiri, zvebhizimisi) zvekutepfenyura. Zvinonzi akaitira nguva kana musi. Nyika dzinosiyana siyana upise mafuta kupfuma. Somuenzaniso, kuti US zvakaenzana kushandisa zvose siyana. Uye Russia, kusiyana, rinonyanya pagadzirwe negasi.

General unhu

Pakuenzanisa mafuta uye simba inogona muzvikamu zviviri. Mari yakawanikwa nokuda dzokubudisa pamusoro rinochiwedzera siyana. Izvi mafuta, negasi, marasha, shale, peat nehuni. Uyewo, izvi zvinosanganisira chikuru simba kugadzirwa nenzira chafariz, hydro uye simba renyukireya zvinomera. On the kwemari divi zvinosanganisira uye kupinzwa peturu mari. Chechipiri hafu pachiyero inoratidza kuparadzira simba maindasitiri, uyewo ayo kunze kwenyika. Kazhinji mativi zviri dzaona pakupera kwegore. Naizvozvo, chinotsva uye simba pakuenzanisa nhoroondo nokuti vamwe kwegore kupfuma. In kwayo mamiriro akataura wandei mapoka makuru.

The nemamiriro mafuta uye simba mwero

Yoga akaverenga kwokufananidzira nemapoka aya. Somuenzaniso, akapora mafuta kana simba mwero divi. Kana pakuverenga kuti zviratidzo zvose chimwe quantitative chiyero. Dzimwe nguva kuona coefficients wacho rinochiwedzera. Izvi zvinoitwa nokuda kutumirwa kugadzirwa uye zvinotarisirwa calorific ukoshi. Ipapo vhoriyamu kuwanda pedyo coefficient. Kushandisa ichangobva kutungamirira zviratidzi anobvumira Kuwanikwa zvinhu chete quantitative nechiyero. Inotorwa ratios nokuti huru rinochiwedzera ndeinotevera: Oiri - 1,4, Natural Gas - 1.18, marasha - 0,7, shale - 0.34 huni - 0.27. Uyewo anofunga hydraulic uye renyukireya simba. Izvi zvinoitwa musi mafuta rinoshandiswa kwaro kugadzirwa pamwe kuchinja mune chikwata mutengo.

mhando

Pakuenzanisa mafuta uye simba ingatorwa pamusoro penzvimbo miganhu dzakabatana kana maindasitiri zvivako. Inogona dzaona:

• Maererano nzendo simba kuyerera. Pakati pavo, kugadzira, kubudiswa (kuchinja), zvokufambisa, okuchengetera uye magumo-kushandiswa.
• For zvivako uye michina. Somuenzaniso, funga kuuya uye simba mari panguva nhepfenyuro, boilers, painocheneserwa.
• For kushandiswa. Vhoriyamu yose kudyiwa zvinhu zvinogona mapoka mapoka maviri: rinokosha simba uye mari.
• Maererano upfumi hwose.
• Mune dzimwe nzvimbo munyika uye nyika zvoupfumi.
• In miganhu chokuita. Kana kushandisa nzira iyi inorangarira chinotsva pfuma imwe nharaunda, mamiriro, Union nyika.

The ukoshi nokuti yose upfumi

Energy pakuenzanisa United States kunoratidzwa nekaupenyu dzakafanana kushandisa marasha, negasi uye mafuta. On mapurazi maduku rinoshandiswawo peat nehuni. Mumakore achangopfuura kuwedzera kukura muUnited States anogamuchira mafuta shale indasitiri. United States zvinopa pachavo pamwe zvakakodzera kupfuma.

UK zvikuru vachifunga kushandisa negasi. Mundima kwayo anogadzirwa yakawanda. Canada mutungamiri nyika iri kugadzirwa hydraulic simba. France anoshandisa simba renyukireya zvechitima. Aigovera zvishoma chepuraimari mafuta pfuma, saka zvakakodzera kudzikamisa kusaziva ichi.

Mamiriro ezvinhu akafanana ne pakuenzanisa Japan. China unomupa simba inoda kunonyanya kukonzerwa marasha. Mafuta gasi nhoroondo% chete 30 yose nomwero. Kana Poland, ndiyo nzvimbo yokutanga pakushandisa marasha zvakare. Izvi imhaka ayo pasi mari inoshandiswa munyika.

Mafuta uye simba mwero weRussia

RF anopa ayo zvinodiwa zvikurukuru nokuda negasi. Solid rinochiwedzera uye mafuta akashandiswa zvikuru zvishoma. It chokuita yaibvira kugadzirwa izvi zviwanikwa munharaunda Russia. RF ane zvakafanira zviwanikwa zvose kubudawo zvizere Eurasian simba nzvimbo.

A chinokosha zvimwe kuwedzera oiri ungangova, sokuziva deposits anoshandiswa. Kana tikafunga yakasimba mafuta, kunyanya marasha uye gasi, zvose kushaya kukura reserves mari inoshandiswa yavo. Zvose zvinoenderana pamisika nyika. Future inogadzirwa yomuropa vakatsunga chaiyo iri hwaro ichi, kufungisisa wechipfuwo mutengo kuti upfumi.

Huru misika kuti Russia ndiyo Western, Central uye Eastern Europe. Zvisinei, Federation wokuRussia oga haagoni yekudyidzana itibatsire musika nyika mamiriro ezvinhu. Naizvozvo, kuti nedoro yeRussian upfumi kubva pakutengeswa kunze mafuta uye gasi chinhu ngozi. Izvi kwakaratidzwa pachena ichangopfuura kuderera simba mitengo. Kuderedza mutengo mafuta zvakakonzera Ruble kuderedza uye kuparara kwevanhu akadini.

tarisiro

vepasi iri kuwedzera zuva nezuva. Zvinhu akaponeswa chete kuti skyrocketing kuwedzera dzichiri kusimukira, kwete kupfuma. Pashure pezvose mafuta pfuma inoshandiswa zvikuru sezvo chete ichangoburwa. Uye Muitiro ndechokuti vaifanira anowedzera. Uye apo kuchengetedza ruzivo pamwe kwezvakatipoteredza vanyatsowana kuvabatsira pairi. Naizvozvo, tinogona kutaura chokwadi anenge chakakwana kuti mafuta uye simba pakuenzanisa nyika icharamba zvakafanana mune inotevera pakarepo. The huru pfuma iri rinotevera 20 makore achava ose mafuta chete negasi. Saka, mitengo ichamuka. Asi zvinokosha zvikuru kuti Russian upfumi hwenyika.

RF rakanyatsojeka havagoni chete zvidikanwi pachavo maindasitiri avo mafuta uye simba pfuma, asi kuti kuva kutungamirira ekisipota. Geopolitical nzvimbo anobvumira Russia kuva rinokosha kupfuura nemunyika nyika rokutakura mafuta uye gasi kuEurope kubva kunyika kweGungwa reCaspian.

Unconventional simba matura

Zvinonzi kuramba kukosha pane Tourism. Kusiyana vapedzisira, vane renewable, uye saka anogona kushandiswa pave zvikuru kwenguva yakareba. Unconventional mabhuku zvinosanganisira zuva, mhepo, makungwa, nzizi, biomass nokupisa paNyika, uye vamwe. Vanogona kushandiswa dzose kana dzimwe nguva. Kukwanisa kwavo simba kugadzirwa kwete chete kuvimba midziyo kwakaitwa vanhu, asi mamiriro ekunze.