Dzinza rako uye vakadzi nyaya transsexuality

In biblical mubhuku raGenesi makanyorwa nezvekwakabva mhando Homo Sapiens Sapiens: «varume nevakadzi Mwari akavasika". Saka ndivanaani - murume nomukadzi, sezvikamu zviviri kana subspecies maviri akasiyana? Interconnected nokuti kuberekana rezvisikwa yose kwoupenyu, kana, zvakanyatsorurama, mune zvimwe zvinhu zvoupenyu, kuwedzera dzokubereka - shamwari kana vavengi? Kana toreva munhu ani kunoenderana ayo yomumwe kana mumwe "musasa"? Uye bonde genetics kunogona kukanganisa nyaya transsexuality?

Aristotle uyo aiva kure nokuva ano Sayenzi genetics, kunyange 4th remakore BC, akataura mashoko ouchenjeri: "Murume zvinowanisa munhu." Mushure anenge maviri chiuru hafu makore, muna 1956, masayendisiti zvakaratidza kuti paumbwe hono muviri ari amai muviri mutoro Y-chromosome, iyo akapfuura chete kubva baba mwanakomana wake, sezvo ari mai vasipo. Icho vhiki worusere, embryo anotungamira paumbwe bonde omumuviri, akatendeuka vave manhu avanhu. Izvi genetics dzepabonde anosarudza mamwe morphological pabonde, ndiko, paumbwe chokunze nhengo dzokubereka nadzo uye, pashure pokuberekwa kwomwana, uye sezvo akanga dzinokura, yechipiri kurara maitiro.

Kuvapo kana kusavapo Y-chromosome zvazvinoita gonadal (pakuzadzisa munhukadzi ovary kana testes kuti munhurume) gamete (mano omumuviri kugadzira mazai uye urume) uye hormonal pabonde (kana mumuviri unobereka estrogen, kana androgens - vechirume mahormone). Asi somunhu - pasocial munhu, kwete chete chechikadzi genetics kunokanganisa munhu, asi nzanga pacharo, nezvirevo zvawo kunyatsoteerera uye nheyo. Saka, munhu ane wehurumende rudzi - munhu iro akawedzera vamwe. With wehurumende kuuya chokuita chechikadzi - dzokubereka nadzo dzakaoma unhu uye nemaitiro kuti vanhu anotarisira (uye kazhinji zvinoda) pamusoro nhau kuti kana pabonde. Somuenzaniso, kubva kumunhu kutarisirwa ushingi, mumwe utsinye, rusununguko, uye kubva kuvakadzi - softness, unyoro, nedoro, emotionality.

Eya, kana chromosomal pabonde kutsunga maererano kuzivikanwa kwedu savanhu kana vakadzi. Kurambwa chechikadzi kurambidzwa hakuna nzira anoratidza transsexualism: kana ari mukadzi achida tenzi "munhurume" basa kana kuratidza rusununguko uye ushingi zvekuita, hazvirevi kuti anonzwa somunhu. Zvinongoreva ndichirairira pamusoro chokwadi kuti ichi kana kuti basa riri kuonekwa mukono nehadzi kumanikidzwa pamusoro mumwe kana mamwe maitiro. Asi chii pamusoro kana zvipenyu pabonde hazvirevi kunowirirana nemashoko mupfungwa chivimbo munhu vari vamwe vasikana?

Muna 1990, musayendisiti British P.Gudfellou nezvokumwe varume Y-chromosome uye SRY vakaona zviratidzo kuti ndiye anokonzera kugadzirwa testosterone. Saka sayenzi dzepabonde genetics yakafambira mberi rimwe danho. The kwakaita mhuka vakaratidza kuti kana hadzi mudumbu muchibereko vepakutanga zvokukura Gene SRY, vanhurume nhengo dziri kuumbwa kuti haanamati ndechokuti mukono akaberekwa - chiedza anooneka munhukadzi pamwe zviri mukadzi ekunyebera hermaphroditism. Kana embryo, mukono adzikatidza kukura testosterone, anova murume ekunyebera hermaphroditism.

Asi transsexuality - haisi pamberi zvimwe zvatariswa dzepabonde pasi pokudzora testosterone. Shemale zvachose organically haagamuchiri majini pabonde kutsunga, vapiwa pachisikirwo uye vanowanzotevedzera kuva vasikana. Uye chido ichi, pasinei vafundisi uye kuchinja vazivi vezvose - haasi simbe zvokufungidzira, uye kwete uchapupu tsika kuderera. Pashure transsexualism anotanga kuoneka muvana vaduku (anenge makore maviri), apo mwana anoda zita chinopa vasikana. dzidzo Gender zvachose anoita chinhu, uye chete exacerbates dambudziko. Boys anofarira nezvidhori uye outfits, vasikana pugnacious uye kutamba mumitambo "boyish". Sezvo achiri kuyaruka ari transsexuals rinowanika kufarira "vakomana" - mupfungwa dzavo - uye kuti "neImba" - pamberi kwenzanga - pasi. Transsexualism inobata anenge munhu mumwe chete 150,000 - ndiro chikamu vanhu vakadaro vari nzanga dzakakura chaizvo.