Eastern Siberia: okunze, muzvarirwo

Eastern Siberia chikamu nharaunda Asian yeRussian Federation. Zvayaiva pamusoro kumuganhu Pacific Ocean kusvika kuna Yenisei River. mapazi ichi tinoberekwa ari zvikuru nehasha ekunze uye zvishoma kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka.

tsananguro enzvimbo

Eastern uye Western Siberia ndiwo anenge maviri-pavatatu munharaunda Russia. Zvayaiva pamusoro rwenze. East Zone ndokwenguva nharaunda dzinenge mamiriyoni 7.2 mativi mamita. ? km. muridzi wayo kunosvika kugomo neeSultan Makomo Sayan. Vazhinji ndima chinomiririrwa pamapani achinaya mvura. A rinokosha kuumba kwakaita nzvimbo yacho mutambo makomo Transbaikalia.

Pasinei noutsinye okunze, akawanda mumaguta makuru Eastern Siberia. Chinonyanya kukwezva kubva upfumi nemaonero vari Norilsk, Irkutsk, Chita, Achinsk, Yakutsk, Ulan-Ude uye vamwe. Mukati mapazi rakamiswa Trans-Baikal uye Krasnoyarsk Territory, Republic of Yakutia, Buryatia, vokuTuva uye dzimwe administrative nzvimbo. The chikuru mhando zvinomera ndiyo boreal dondo. Yaigeza kubva Mongolia kusvikira kumuganhu yomudondo achinaya mvura. Zvinotora zvinopfuura mamiriyoni 5 mativi mamita. ? km. Vazhinji taiga chinomiririrwa coniferous masango, izvo vanoumba 70% of chizvarwa rezvinomera. Nevhu kuva vanoiswa maringe dzakadaro. In taiga ivhu mapazi zvakanaka, kugadzikana mune achinaya mvura - dzine mabwe, nechando.

Mukati mumupata pakati penzizi uye pane marshes diki. Zvisinei, vane zvishoma zvikuru pane imwe chete Western kweSiberia. Asi kazhinji pane Arctic mumarenje uye hardwood yecocoa mudunhu rokumabvazuva.

Features ruyamuro

Eastern Siberia, Russia iri kumusoro pamwero pamusoro pegungwa. Vose mhosva kwemupata, riri pakati mapazi. Pano Platform kukwirira zvichisiyana 500 kusvika 700 metres pamusoro pegungwa. Notes hama kuti avhareji nzvimbo. The yakakwirira ndiyo nzvimbo pakati Lena uye Viljujsky rwenze - 1700 mamita.

Nechepasi anomirirwa Siberian Platform crystalline akapeta hwaro sedimentary idzodzo dziri hombe inokwana 12 makiromita. North mapazi rinotsanangurwa Aldan nhovo Anabarskiy kuko. Average ivhu vanokwanisa iri makiromita anenge 30. Pari, kuSiberia pachikuva unotora mhando dzakawanda chikuru pamatombo. machena ichi uye schist, uye charnockite, nezvakadaro. The dangwe deposits ndeyemunguva mabhiriyoni 4 makore. Igneous matombo inoumbwa ne kwemakomo. Vazhinji deposits izvi vari muCentral Siberian Plateau, uyewo muna Tunguska mumudziyo.

rusununguko Modern rinomiririra yakatarwa pamapani uye kwakadzikira. Mune mipata nzizi, marshes kuumbwa munzvimbo dzakakwirira Conifers kukura nani.

Features mvura

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kuFar East yakatarisa Arctic Ocean "France" zvavo. Eastern Region ari bordered ne mumakungwa dzakadai Kara, Laptev uye Siberian. Pakati madhamu kupfuura ndiko kupa Baikal, Lamu, Taimyr, uye Pyasino Khantayskoye.

In mipata enzizi yakadzika ndokuyerera. Rinonyatsooneka vavo vanoonekwa Yenisei Viluy, Lena, Angara, Selenga, Kolyma, Olekma, Indigirka, Aldan, Lower Tunguska, Vitim, Yana uye Khatanga. The Kureba rerwizi anenge mamiriyoni 1 makiromita. Vazhinji nharaunda iri revadzidzi dziva ndohwaJehovha kweArctic Ocean. Zvimwewo mvura munzvimbo anazvo nenzizi akadai Ingoda, Argun uye Shilka uye Onon. Kwainyanya yomunyika simba pool in Eastern Siberia ndiye chando kuti inonyunguduka pamwero pasi chezuva kubva mangwanani chirimo. Akatevera basa rinokosha mune paumbwe Continental mvura kutamba mvura uye pasi. The chepamusorosoro pamwero dziva Drain vakapemberera muzhizha.

The Kudeuka uye inonyanya kukosha rwizi munzvimbo runoonekwa kuna Kolyma. Its mvura nharaunda rinofukidza zvinopfuura 640,000 mativi mamita. ? km. Kureba vanenge 2.1 zviuru. Km. Kwakatangira rwizi anotora Verkhnekolymsk Highlands. Mugore mvura iyerere kwazvo 120 cubic metres. ? km.

Eastern Siberia: okunze

Paumbwe Meteorological zvechadenga nharaunda iri kunoyerwa zvayo nzvimbo. The okunze Eastern kweSiberia inogona zvishoma se Continental, nguva yakanyanya. Pane wandei pamwaka kusiyana cloudiness, tembiricha, kunayisa. Asian anticyclone siyana mune zvakawanda mumunda mukuru-dzvinyiriro nharaunda, kunyanya Chiitiko kunoitika munguva yechando. Ukuwo, munhu simba chando mhepo anotengeswa kunoita kuchinja. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, tembiricha nokufamba panguva dzakasiyana zuva vari zvikuru kupfuura kumadokero. The dzinotaurwa North-Eastern Siberia chinomiririrwa shanduka mhepo makore. It kunoratidzwa yakakwirira kunaya uye batana chando. nzvimbo iyi hunodzorwa Continental hova nokukurumidza dzaserera muvhu rukoko. Ndokusaka muna January tembiricha anodonhedza kushoma. Panguva ino, mhepo kweArctic vakatonga gore. Kazhinji munhu anogona kuchengeta mhepo tembiricha kuti -60 madhigirii muchando. Zvikurukuru, minima aya kuri nembiya uye mumipata. On ebani kuita hazvirevi kusiyira pazasi -38 inegumi.

Warming rave kupembererwa kubva pakasvika munzvimbo mhepo kuyerera kubva China uye Central Asia.

Okunze munguva yechando

Ndosaka riri kuonekwa kuti wakakura zvikuru uye hasha dzinongoitika ezvinhu ane chaiwo Eastern kuSiberia. ZVIRI tembiricha zviratidzi muchando uchapupu (cm. Below). Uhu huwandu dzinoturwa paavhareji tsika mumakore 5 years.

Nokuda rakawedzera kuoma dzedenga, kuti nguva dzose pamusoro ekunze uye akawanda mazuva jeka saka yakaderera nhamba nani akashivirira kupfuura nyorovera okunze. Mumwe zvaraireva zvechadenga chando ekunze kuEastern Siberia ndiye kushaya mhepo. Vazhinji mwaka pane mwero akadzikama, saka blizzards uye snowstorms pano harioneki.

Sezvineiwo, zviri pakati Russian chando pamusoro -15 madhigirii akanzwa simba zvikuru kupfuura kuSiberia -35 C. Zvisinei, tembiricha yakaderera kwakadaro zvikuru achiipa zvinhu zvoupenyu uye basa veko. pokugara All vane thickened rusvingo. Nokuti kudziyisa Zvivako vachishandisa zvinodhura mafuta boilers. The ekunze anotanga kuvandudza chete pakatanga March.

mwaka Warm

Kutaura zvazviri, patsime mudunhu iri pfupi, sezvinoita akazotevera. Eastern Siberia, okunze iyo dzinosiyana chete veMubatanidzwa inodziya mhepo runoyerera Asian, uchimuka chete epakati April. Zvakanga ipapo vakachengeta kugadzikana zvakanaka tembiricha masikati. Muna March anouya nokudziya, asi zviri vasingakoshi. Pakazopera April, mamiriro okunze anotanga kuchinja nani. Muna May, chando zvachose inonyunguduka, uswa anokura. Muchirimo kumaodzanyemba munzvimbo yacho kunze achiri kupisa. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya inowanzorimwa mapazi ose vokuTuva, Khakassia uye Trans. Muna July, tembiricha vanomutsirwa 25 inegumi. The soro prices zvinochengetwa pamusoro sandara nomunzvimbo dzine. Mumipata uye makomo zvichiri muchitonhorera. Kana iwe tora yose Eastern kweSiberia, kuti avhareji tembiricha muzhizha pano - kubva +12 kusvika +18 inegumi.

Kunyanya mumatsutso ekunze

Nechekare mukupera August, kuFar East vari kutanga envelop chando yokutanga. Ivo vakachengeta kunyanya kuchamhembe chikamu nharaunda usiku. Masikati zuva chinopenya, uyai mvura hwakakanyiwa akanyorova chando, mhepo dzimwe nguva yakasimba. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti yezwi chando nokukurumidza zvikuru kupfuura kubva muchirimo kusvika kwechirimo. Muna taiga, iyi ndiyo anenge 50 mazuva, uye inowanzorimwa nzvimbo - kusvika 2,5 mwedzi. mamirire zvose zvinhu izvi izvo zvichisiyana nedzimwe nharaunda Eastern kweSiberia nechokuchamhembe.

Okunze ari pamberi mumatsutso zhinji ichibva kumavirazuva. Kumabvazuva, kazhinji vachiridza nyoro Pacific mhepo.

kunonaya

Nokuti riparadzirwe mumhepo East Siberia anopindura zororo. It zvinoenderana nayo uye kumanikidzwa uye velocity dzedenga vakawanda Rwako. The kunayisa pagore anenge 700 mm kuti kunonaya mudunhu. The zvazvingava chokupedzisira chaanopa nhau nguva - 1000 neMM, shoma - 130 mm. Kunonaya hakusi zvakajeka. On rwenze pakati mukoto kunonaia kazhinji. Nokuda kunonaya ichi dzimwe nguva akapfuudza chiratidzo 1,000 mm. The driest nharaunda runoonekwa kuna Yakutsk. Pane kunayisa kunosiyana-siyana mukati 200 mm. Mudukusa inonaya pakati February uye March - 20 mm. Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri nzvimbo zvinomera pakureva kunayisa vanoonekwa vokumadokero kumatunhu Transbaikalia.

permafrost

Nhasi munyika hapana nzvimbo kuti aizokwanisa kukwikwidzana pamusoro Continental uye Meteorological anomalies munzvimbo pasi zita Eastern kweSiberia. Okunze mune dzimwe zvisungo Zvinoshamisa mu kwayo zvakaoma. Pedyo kweArctic Circle nhema permafrost.

Nzvimbo iri dzinoratidzwa chando duku uye tembiricha yakaderera rose gore. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, gomo ekunze uye ivhu kurasikirwa guru yakawanda kupisa kusvika two chilled rose metres zvakadzama. Wevhu vacho matombo. Pasi Pevhu underdeveloped, kazhinji -oma kwemakumi emakore.

Zvinomera mudunhu

Hunhu Eastern kweSiberia vakawanda anomiririrwa taiga. uswa kwakadaro Anotambanudza kwemazana makiromita kubva Lena River kusvikira Kolyma. In rwezasi taiga iri bordered pedyo neGungwa Okhotsk. Local muridzi ndiye kuzivana nomurume. Kunyange zvakadaro, nemhaka yakaoma okunze pamusoro pavo nguva dzose ichimuremera ngozi huru dzinotambudza moto. In yechando tembiricha musango iri akatura kuna -40 inegumi, asi zviratidzo kazhinji zhizha vosimba kusvika +20. Kunonaya zviri pakati nepakati. Uyewo, hunhu Eastern kweSiberia anoratidzwa uye nzvimbo achinaya mvura. Nzvimbo iyi ndiyo yakabatana kweArctic Ocean. Pano zvisina ivhu, tembiricha yakaderera, zvakawandisa unyoro. In dzakakwirira maruva akadai donje uswa, avens, Poppy, saxifrage. unogona kusarudza spruce, the willow, poplar, Birch, nemipaini miti kubva nharaunda.

mhuka nyika

Chinenge kumatunhu ose Eastern kweSiberia akapfuma fauna of kwete. Zvikonzero ichi - the permafrost, kushaya zvokudya uye kukodzera Deciduous kasvisto.

Zvipuka pakukura ndivo zvisvundu nebere, yokuSpain, Stony uye wolverine. Dzimwe nguva unogona kuwana makava, ferrets, weasels, chamatebwe uye weasels. The nechepakati Pfekenura uchagarireiko musk, Sable, nondo, makwai uye chando.

Nokuda nokusingaperi-nechando ivhu akawana pano rudzi chete mashomanana nemakonzo Squirrels, Chipmunks, kubhururuka squirrels, beavers, marmots, etc. Asi minhenga nyika zvikuru siyana. Grouse, crossbill, Grouse, hanzi, rarira, Woodpecker, dhadha, nutcracker, snipe, etc. .