Economist Milton Friedman: A Biography, pfungwa, upenyu uye mashoko

Milton Friedman - imwe Economist American uyo muna 1976 vakagamuchira Nobel Prize yokutsvakurudza ake mumunda norukosoro, nhoroondo mari uye kunzwisisa Kudzikamiswa itsika. With George Stigler aiva akangwara chizvarwa chechipiri mutungamiri Chicago School. Pavadzidzi vake vakakurumbira nezvoupfumi akadai Geri Bekker, Robert Fogel, Ronald Kouz, Robert Lucas, Jr .. Pfungwa inokosha Friedman aiva nehanya mari mutemo, mitero, privatization, deregulation pamusoro paruzhinji mutemo, kunyanya 1980s. Monetarism rave nemarererwo Mutongo US Federal maitiro munguva yose zvoupfumi kuGreece.

Brief Biography Miltona Fridmana: makore okutanga

musayendisiti The ramangwana akaberekwa kuBrooklyn, mumwe varombo nharaunda New York. Vabereki vake vakanga vatama vachibva kuHungary. City iyo vachienda, zvino pamusoro munharaunda Ukraine (Beregovo mu dzokuTranscarpathia nharaunda). vabereki Friedman vakanga vachitengesa Textiles. Nguva pfupi pashure pakaberekwa mwana, mhuri akatamira kuguta Rahway muNew Jersey. Somwana, Friedman apinda mutsaona, chivara rake yokumusoro muromo uye ndikagara naye upenyu. Iye sekondari muna 1928 uye akanyoresa paChikoro Rutgers University. The Jaya nyanzvi masvomhu uye nemari. Iye pakutanga kuva munyori. Zvisinei, munguva nokudzidziswa ndakasangana masayendisiti maviri - Arthur Burns uye Homer Jones, uyo akamugombedzera kuti upfumi anogona kubatsira kutungamirira nyika kubva Depression Great.

Apedza, akanga akabayira fellowships mbiri masvomhu panguva Brown uye upfumi muChicago. Friedman akasarudza zvapedzisira, uye akapiwa Tenzi Arts dhigirii muna 1933. maonero ake kufurirwa Dzheykob Viner, Frank Nayt uye Henry Simons. Ikoko vakasangana mudzimai wake weramangwana, Rose. Akabva aidzidza Nhamba vachitungamirirwa yakakurumbira Economist Harold Hotelling uye akashanda se mubatsiri Genri Shultsa. PaUniversity of Chicago, Friedman akasangana vaviri shamwari dzepamwoyo dzake - George Stigler uye Allen Wallis.

rinoitirwa

Ndapedza kubva pakutanga Friedmann kugona kuwana basa kudzidzisa. Saka akasarudza kuenda Washington neshamwari yake Allen Wallis, apo Roosevelt yakanga ichangotanga kuziva kwake "Deal New". Friedman akazogutsikana kuti zvose zviri hurumende kupindira "basa zvinodhaka kubva chirwere chakaipa." Muna 1935, akashanda ari National Resources Committee, iro vakatanga kufunga kududzirwa kudyiwa ishande. Friedman ipapo vakagara kune National Bureau of Economic Research. Iye aishanda mubatsiri Simon Kuznets.

Muna 1940, Friedman aiva purofesa paUniversity of Wisconsin, asi akadzokera rinoitirwa nemhaka Anti-Semitism. Akashanda zvehondo mutero nomutemo wemadzimambo Federal Government sechinhu chipangamazano. On basa iye waitsigira Keynesian mamiriro kupindira mune upfumi.

Career uye kubudirira

Milton Friedman aiva chipangamazano US mutungamiri kubva Republican Party pamusoro Ronald Reagan uye British weConservative Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. uzivi ake political akarumbidza unhu hwakanaka vakasununguka musika shoma hurumende kupindira. Kamwe Friedman akacherechedza kuti iye anoona kubudirira kwake mukuru kubvisa kuhondo muUnited States. Panguva hwake akanyora anoverengeka monographs, mabhuku, nyaya dziri mumagazini kwesayenzi uye mapepanhau, aiva mueni mapurogiramu eterevhizheni, uye zvokuita panguva mumayunivhesiti siyana. basa rake rave nevakawanda kwete US uye UK, asiwo mugovanisi munyika. Magazini "The Economist" akaitumidza zvikuru Economist yechipiri yezana remakore rechi20, uye zvichida remakore. Nepo dzimwe sarudzo kupa muchanza kuna John Maynard Keynes.

zvoupfumi maonero

Milton Friedman zvakakunakira kuvazivisa kuti vazvione. mari rive. Monetarism - iri yakatarwa maonero kuti chokuita uwandu dzidziso. zvisaririra ayo anogona kuwanikwa muzana remakore rechi16. Pamwe chete netsa Shvarts Fridman akanyora bhuku rinonzi "A Monetary History of United States of America, 1867-1960 (1963)." Multiple regression Analyses akasimbisa ndiro rine mari wedzerai mari uye hurumende mari. Natural urovha hakudzivisiki, saka zvinoita njere kuzorwa naro. Hurumende haisi zvakakodzera kutungamirira upfumi kuburikidza fiscal negwaro.

Kubudirira mune nhamba

Sequential ongororo yakataurwa Milton Friedman. Pfungwa huru kwaari paaishumira muDhipatimendi Hondo Studies pa Columbia. Zvadaro sequential Statistical pachisara kwava nzira mwero kupima. Kufanana nevamwe zvakawanwa zhinji Friedman, nhasi zvinoita kusimba nyore. Asi ichi ndicho nechiidzo ane shasha uyo akakwanisa kupinda musimboti zvakavapo. Nhasi, asingachinji Statistical kuongorora chinhu chinokosha chokushandisa nezvoupfumi ano.

Milton Friedman: Capitalism uye Freedom

monetarism pfungwa rakatanga zvinonzwisisika achinyatsoramba Keynesian dzidziso. Gare gare, Milton Friedman aizotumidza vakawanda zvokudya zvayo kunyengedzwa. Muna 1950 akaita dudziro kudyiwa basa rake. Capitalism uye Freedom - pfungwa mbiri dziri akatanga zvakare mune zvesayenzi chimurenga aMilton Friedman. Monetarism anoshandisa "mutauro Keynesian uye methodological midziyo," asi anoramba yepakutanga zvekungofungira pakati dzidziso mamiriro murau hwenyika. Friedman haatendi zvinobvira zvizere chinzvimbo Utilisation. Nokunzwisisa kwake, pane nguva dzose ari pamwero dzinongoitika kwemabasa, kurwisa iri maturo. Nezvoupfumi vanoti kwenguva Phillips munyonga anotarira akafanana kutwasuka yakarurama mutsetse, uye akafanotaura mukana akadai kutanga sezvo stagflation. Naizvozvo, chete zvinobudirira wokuti hurumende iri zvishoma nezvishoma yakawedzera mari rive.