Moscow yose zvemari muzinda. Rating zvemari nzvimbo dzenyika

Hapana chakavanzika vakawanda vokune dzimwe nyika mukutsinhana kwema munyika kunoitwa kuburikidza rinokosha mubhengi uye dzimwe siyana vezvokutengeserana establishments. Zviri kuburikidza navo vari rakakura mari Rwako kuitira kugadzikana kwete chete States rose, asi kuti vanhu vari kunyanya. Chero ano pose muzinda zvemari - nzvimbo kwema yaitwa pamusoro mabhiriyoni. Munyaya ino tichakurukura muudzame ose zvinhu "mutsinga zvendarama" izvi.

tsananguro

Chokutanga, tinoona kuti World Financial Center - pfungwa wevasungwa ose mabhanga siyana, zvemari uye zvikwereti nemasangano kuti tiite International zvemari, zvikwereti, vatorwa kuchinjanisa kwema, uyewo kushanda negoridhe uye kuchengetedzeka.

Pamberi Hondo Yenyika Vokutanga kwainzi yakasimba mari muzinda London, iyo panguva iyoyo yaiva Mecca kuEurope capitalism. Zvisinei, pashure pakuguma hondo womuchindwe intercepted neUnited States of America, uye nechekare kubva 1960 US nzvimbo yave hasha kubva vakaumba nzvimbo itsva muJapan uye Western Europe.

mamwe mashoko

Mumwe World Financial Center ndiye musika mashandiro ose dzakawanda kukosha, kushingaira pakushandisa Rwako zvemari. Kusvika panguva European Union vashoma vakaomesa maonero ayo uye havazodi novimba United States, izvo akabvumira London kuvazve hune nechinzvimbo pamusoro kondinendi European.

Rwako zvemari yose yenyika kutama inonzi migero, kusanganisira:

• kwerunyararo ari kutengesa uye mabasa akavhiyiwa;
• Monetary uye zvikwereti mabasa;
• aizomupa mari mu yatarwa uye kushanda guru;
• Kushanda kuchengetedzeka;
• kuchinja mumwe chikamu National mari kuburikidza bhajeti muchimiro rubatsiro kune siyana dzichiri kusimukira.

Best of Best

Rating zvemari nzvimbo dzenyika muna 2016 ndiko sezvinotevera:

1. London.
2. New York.
3. Singapore.
4. Hong Kong.
5. Tokyo.
6. Zurich.
7. Washington.
8. San Francisco.
9. Boston.
10. Toronto.

Mumwe nomumwe rwehofori ava yose mari mamiriro chakakodzera kufunga voga.

Canadian chishamiso

Toronto ndiro guta guru kupfuura ose Canada uye, Panguva, muzinda mupurovhinzi muOntario. The zvemari dunhu renyika panyama iri chaizvo dzine akavaka dzebhizimisi, umo "quartered" mabhanga siyana, musoro mahofisi makurusa makambani, chizvidavirire uye mutemo yemakambani, brokerage yemakambani.

Guta chikuru Massachusetts

Boston - chikuru kugarwa United States munharaunda, anotaurwa so New England, mukuru uye rakapfuma guta munyika.

Pakati huru sectors hwenyika yose Boston zvinofanira kusanganisira inishuwarenzi, rwezvemabhengi uye mari. Guta Fidelity Investments kumuzinda, Changamire Bank uye State Street Corporation.

The nzvimbo yechizvarirwo pamusoro nesilicon Valley

San Francisco - guta kukura nokukurumidza upfumi, inotorerwa nechokwadi nokuvapo kwenyika centre changamire kwete chete munyika rezvemari, asi naiyewo indasitiri maererano nezvinhu zvipenyu uye biomedicine.

Small taundi mabhizimisi, Komisheni akatsigira mushandirapamwe kuramba mugove basa duku. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, guta kanzuru akamanikidzwa zvehurumende zviri umo zvinokwanisika kuvaka muzvitoro. Zano iri rinotsigirwa vanhu mumwe the megacity, kuvhota nokuti kupinda simba kurambidzwa.

Pfungwa inokosha: namapoka maduku, Hurumende haadi pfuura vanhu gumi vanoumba vanenge 85% vose huripo emakambani muguta.

American guta

Washington - iri pakutanga nzvimbo nekutsvaga kupfuura nhamba wehurumende mamaneja uye vanobatanidzwa mubasa zvekutepfenyura.

Makambani akawanda, akazvimiririra Contractors, masangano nonprofit, mapoka kutengeserana kunowanzova kugara pedyo Washington, kana zvakananga kuti zvinobudirira zvikuru vanoedza avo zvavanofarira, ari sezvo pedyo sezvinobvira kuti batana hurumende.

In Washington, musha maviri makambani chikuru munyika yose panyaya yavanotambira: inoshandiswa kuti rinopa chikwereti - Fannie Mae (wepagore turnover kuti $ 29 bhiriyoni, 270-fung nzvimbo munyika chepamusoro), uyewo US Postal Service (mabhiriyoni 68 emadhora, 92 fung nzvimbo).

European centre

Zurich - guta raisanganisira vanenge 208.000 vanhu vari zvekutepfenyura zvemari. Nhamba Izvi hazvishamisi, nokuti mari - anoita huru kunobatsira upfumi zvekutepfenyura yose Switzerland. Mumwe ari mabasa shanu munyika nokuda mari nezvinhu.

Zvinokosha kuziva kuti munguva 2008 dambudziko , pakakuvara ari rwezvemabhengi wemuTesitamende ichi nyika duku European hazvina kuitika. Zurich akakwanisa miganhu kupfuura zvose dutu iri yose zvoupfumi dutu, izvo zvechokwadi unoisa chiedza kupfuura zvakanaka pamusoro vakwikwidzi dzayo panyika mudariro.

The guru Japanese

Tokyo - guta umo Stock Exchange yakavhurwa 1878. Zvisinei, kwemakore ane zana, guru haana chikamu boka remarudzi zvemari nzvimbo. Nyaya kuti zvakanga chete zvikonzero shoma:

• misika yemari Japan vari hakutsamiri pamisika mauto uye mutemo wehurumende, izvo zvagara nezvezvaiitwawo chisarudzo matambudziko bedzi National upfumi.
• Munguva 1950-60-ies kushingaira Japan iri paaivatambudza kupinza guru.
• Foreign zvemari masangano haana kuedza vawedzere akavhiyiwa yavo pamusika uyu wakakodzera pakuomerera hurumende mutemo.

Vanonzi "mafuta kuvhunduka" kubva 1974 kwakamutsa hurumende Japanese kuwedzera zvachose mutengo kuunza upfumi hurumende kubva dambudziko. A kuwanda kwenhambwe utungamiri munyika zvakakonzera chokwadi kuti Japan akazarura mikova ayo kune dzimwe nemabhengi yemakambani vanotengesa kuchengetedzeka. Izviwo, chave kutanga makombiyuta kwegadziriro kwema muna 1983, sezvo ane misika rwezvemabhengi pemvura zvakasikwa, uye muna 1987 vakatanga kuguma mari urongwa kuchiitirwa izwi.

Somugumisiro chishamiso ichi zvoupfumi kwakatungamirira Tokyo nhasi - nyika zvemari muzinda, iro rine soro makwikwi.

Mutungamiriri rusununguko zvoupfumi

Hong Kong, kufanana nezvimwe itsva nyika mari nzvimbo - guta nemamwe zvinhu. Vezvenhau haana kuteerera yakawandisa kwaari, asi kana ivo vanoti, ndiko chete nenzira yakanaka vachimudana kwete chete sezvo parera yokuMabvazuva, guta ramangwana, guta ngano, uye zvichingodaro. D.

Hong Kong kwemakore 18 makore akatevedzana, ari mutungamiri rusununguko zvoupfumi. With GDP chete capita pamusoro 36.796 emadhora. Mukuwedzera, musimboti uri mutungamiri kwenhamba billionaires - vanhu 40.

Hong Kong ndiye nemabhengi vanoita zvakasiyana-siyana zvikuru Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri ezvinhu kuti kukura chakaitwa ivepo:

• kuitika mitemo mitemo inodzivirira pfungwa pfuma, zvinhu uye pirated zvigadzirwa kubva counterfeiting;
• kuduku kurambidza vari zvemari uye rwezvemabhengi mabasa;
• inopiwa paImba rehurumende chechetere inopikira;
• kutsiga zvayo mari;
• chinhu chisingakoshi pamwero mitengo;
• Kuva kwedu kuyananisa pachedu dzomunyika;
• napedyo kune Asian, hwava nyika uye misika;
• Kuwanikwa vashandi zvikuru unyanzvi vanotaura Chirungu.

Asian Titan

Singapore pakati 1968 uye 1985 vasina kuchikosha makwikwi munharaunda yayo kuti pave ayo budiriro nenzira dzakawanda. Nhasi, pakukura munyika nzvimbo zvemari munyika Handingambofungi pasina mamiriro ichi.

Singapore - nyika dzakakwirira rwokugadzira uye simba zvoupfumi. Kukura mari centre haisi yokupedzisira basa reDare transnational makambani. Uyewo kuSingapore, mumwe kumusoro kwakakomba mumhuri chigadzirwa munyika.

Nyika rikwezve makambani nokuda zvikuru yakaderera mitero. In hurumende mitero chete shanu, kusanganisira pasi mari uye Payroll mitero.

Of kupinza zvinhu zvina chete ndivo taxable panguva zvichiita: Chero doro, fodya zvigadzirwa, imotokari, peturu zvigadzirwa.

US guta musika centre

New York - wechipiri munyika chepamusoro mari nzvimbo. The chikuru nguva yaro inotungamirwa kwakaitika mumakore 1914-1945. Daily avhareji vatorwa mukutsinhana musika reguta inenge $ 200 billion.

New York musika guta rine zvinotevera zviri:

• Heano zvose guru mari nemasangano nyika: Soromoni Brothers, pamusoro Merrill Linch, Goldmen Sacns, Shearson pamusoro Lehman, The Boston First, Morgan Stanley, iyo pave placement kuti kuchengetedzeka siyana mumusika chepuraimari.
• In musika dzisiri kunokosha zvikuru zvokutengeserana mumatanda nokuda kwavo kukuru saizi.
• Dzichiri kusimukira vane shoma kuwana New York musika guru, nokuda pakuomerera zvaidiwa SEC.

kusiko dominants

zvikuru zvemari nzvimbo dzose dzenyika lag shure mutungamiri wavo - London. Guta guru British akunda hondo wokutanga nzvimbo kunonyanya kukonzerwa ayo mutemo norupo.

Vanenge 80% of mubhizimisi rwezvemabhengi kushandiswa, zvakananga kana zvisina kunanga, runoyerera kuburikidza London, saka guta zvakarurama rakava pakutanga pakati zvose zvemari nzvimbo munyika.

Harare muridzi 70% kubva pamusika yechipiri kusungwa uye kusvika 50% of nomukaka pamusika. Uyezve, guta guru Albion ari kushingaira vanotengesa dzimwe mari. Izvi musika chidimbu riri kukura gore negore nokuda 30%. About 80% kuti muEurope ruzhowa mari vari vakakwanisa kubva London.

Kazhinji, pasi rose mari nzvimbo (London - hapana Kunze) vari ruzivo nyika dzakawanda mubhizimisi vokubhengi, yepamusoro kukurukurirana network, asi zvakawanda pamutemo framework.

Russian mbiru

Mazuvano Moscow - World Financial Center, iri shoma zvakakwana munyika kuera (75th nzvimbo). Vose mhosva munhu wose-siyana matambudziko kuti kudzivisa chena ibwe simuka kumusoro, inova kutsamwa:

• Kushaya midziyo zvizere. The ndechokuti vatongi Russian havasi anonyatsoziva zvirongwa zvemari uye zvokutengeserana pamusoro Exchange, uye hatina kodzero kutakura pamusoro nyaya mudare zvekufamba. Izvi imhaka yokuti mari kwema mukutsinhana hariwaniki muna Russian Federation mitemo.
• Zvikuru mitero. Munguva yedu muna New York, London, Singapore, pane chinokosha mitero iri mari iri uwandu 16.5%. Russia iri inoramba chete hope.
• Kushaya munhu mudziyo zvemari kudzivirira vanoita pamusoro unopinza ichidonhedzera kukosha migove ari matatu zuva nguva pashure kutengwa.
• A vazhinji manipulations hunodiwa uye kusarovedza vanokwanisa mari.

Kunyange zvakadaro, utungamiri munyika akapa zvirongwa Moscow kwakaita kubviswa kuti ufanane chaiyo mari muzinda simba nokuda 2020, izvo zvichava zvikuru nemakwikwi avo ezvinhu.